《许渊冲译长生殿》第四本 第一出 合围 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析

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第四本
 ACT IV

第一出 合围

（外、末、副净、小生扮四番将上）

（外）三尺镔刀耀雪光，

（末）腰间明月角弓张。

（副净）葡萄酒醉胭脂血，

（小生）貂帽花添锦绣装。

（外）俺范阳镇东路将官何千年是也。

（末）俺范阳镇西路将官崔乾祐是也。

（副净）俺范阳镇南路将官高秀岩[1]是也。

（小生）俺范阳镇北路将官史思明是也。

（各弯腰见科）请了，昨奉王爷将令，传集我等，只得齐至帐前伺候。道犹未了，王爷升帐也。

（内鼓吹、掌号科）

（净戎装引番姬、番卒上）

【越调】【紫花拨四】

统貔貅雄镇边关。

双眸觑破番和汉，

掌儿中握定江山，

先把这四周围爪牙迭办[2]。

我安禄山夙怀大志，久蓄异谋。只因一向在朝[3]，受封东平王爵，宠幸无双，富贵已极，咱的心愿倒也罢了。

叵耐[4]杨国忠那厮，与咱不合，出镇范阳。且喜跳出樊笼，正好暗图大事。俺家所辖，原有三十二路将官，番汉并用，性情各别，难以任为腹心。因此奏请一概俱用番将[5]。如今大小将领，皆咱部落。

（笑科）任意所为，都无顾忌了。昨日传集他每俱赴帐前，这喒[6]敢待齐也。

（众进见科）三十二路将官参见。

（净）诸将少礼。

（众）请问王爷，传集某等，不知有何钧令？

（净）众将官，目今秋高马壮，正好演习武艺。特召你等，同往沙地，大合围场，较猎[7]一番。多少是好！

（众）谨遵将令。

（净）就此跨马前去。

（同众作上马科）（净）

【胡拨四犯】

紫韁轻挽，

（合）双手把紫韁轻挽，骗上马[8]，将盔缨低按。

（行科）闪旗影云殷，没揣的动龙蛇[9]，一直的通霄汉。按奇门布下了九连环[10]，觑定了这小中原在眼，消不得俺众路强蕃。

（众四面立，净指科）这一员身材慓悍，那一员结束牢拴，这一员莽兀喇拳毛[11]高鼻，那一员恶支沙雕目胡颜[12]，这一员会急迸格邦的弓开月满，那一员会滴溜扑碌的锤落星寒，这一员会咭吒克擦的枪风闪烁，那一员会悉力飒刺的剑雨澎滩，端的是人如猛虎离山涧，显英雄天可汗[13]！

（众行科）

（合）振军威，扑通通鼓鸣，惊魂破胆；排阵势，韵悠悠角声，人疾马闲。抵多少雷轰电转，可正是海沸也那河翻。折末的[14]铜作壁，铁作垒，有甚么攻不破、攻不破也雄关！

（净）这里地阔沙平，就此摆开围场，射猎一回者。

（净同番姬立高处，众排围射猎下）

（净）摆围场这间、这间，四下里来挤趱、挤趱。马蹄儿泼剌剌旋风赸[15]，不住的把弓来紧弯，弦来急攀。一回呵滚沙场兔鹿儿无头赶，都难动弹，就地里踠跧[16]。

（众射鸟兽上）

（净）把鹰、犬放过去者。

（众应，放鹰、犬科，跑下）

（净）呀呀呀，疾忙里一壁厢把翅摩霄的玉爪[17]腾空散，一壁厢把足驾雾的金獒逐路拦，霎时间兽积、兽积如山。

（众上献猎物科）禀王爷众将献杀[18]。

（净）打的鸟兽，散给众军。就此高坡上，把人马歇息片时。

大家炙肉暖酒，番姬每歌的歌，舞的舞，洒落[19]一回者。

（众）得令。

（同席地坐，番姬送净酒，众作拔刀割肉，提背壶斟酒，大饮啖科）

（番姬弹琵琶、浑不是[20]，众打太平鼓板[21]）

（合）斟起这酪浆儿，满满的浮金盏，满满的浮金盏。更把那连毛带血肉生餐，笑拥着番姬双颊丹，把琵琶忒楞楞弹也么弹，唱新声《菩萨蛮》[22]。

（净起科）吃了一会，酒醉肉饱。天色已晚，诸将各回汛地[23]。须要整顿兵器，练习军马，听候将令便了。

（众应科）得令。

（作同上马吹海螺，侧帽、摆手绕场疾行科）听罢了令，疾翻身跃登锦鞍，侧着帽、摆手轻儇[24]。各自里回还，镇守定疆藩。摆搠些旗竿，装摺着轮轓[25]，听候传番，施逞凶顽。天降摧残，地起波澜。把渔阳凝盼[26]，一飞羽箭，争赴兵坛，专等你个抱赤心的将军、将军来调拣。

（众下）

（净）你看诸路番将，一个个人强马壮，眼见得（俺）的羽翼已成。

（笑科）唐天子，唐天子，你怎当得也！

【煞尾】

没照会，

先去了那掣肘汉家官[27]；

有机谋，

暗添上这助臂番儿汉。

等不的宴华清《霓裳》法曲终，

早看俺闹鼓鼙渔阳骁将反。

六州番落[28]从戎鞍。薛逢

战马闲嘶汉地宽。刘禹锡

倏忽抟风生羽翼。骆宾王

山川龙战血漫漫。胡曾

注释：

[1] 何千年、崔乾祐、高秀岩都是安禄山部下的将官。东、西、南、北路将官用来概括安禄山的所有部将，并不是真正的官街。史思明，突厥人。他和安禄山是同乡，原来同是张守珪的部下。在天宝十年，他已经做到平卢兵马使，次年兼北平太守，充卢龙军使。他的地位显然比何千年等人高得多。至德二载，安庆绪杀死他的父亲安禄山而自立。乾元二年，史思明又杀安庆绪而自立。《长生殿》在安禄山被刺之后，就不再写到安庆绪、史思明、史朝义等人的继续叛乱。

[2] 先把这四周围爪牙迭办：爪牙，指何千年等人；迭办，办到，准备好，布置好。

[3] 只因一向在朝：安禄山是节度使，一向在范阳。“只因一向在朝”，是《长生殿》对这个人物的新的处理，和本出以前的情节有关系。

[4] 叵（pǒ）耐：无奈，可以作可恨讲。

[5] 一概俱用番将：《通鉴》卷二一七天宝十四载条：“二月，辛亥，安禄山使副将何千年入奏，请以蕃将三十二人代汉将。上命立进画（立刻送皇帝签字批准），给告身（委任状）。”

[6] 这喒：这时。

[7] 较猎：角猎，比赛谁野兽打得多。

[8] 骗上马：疾跳上马。

[9] 没揣的动龙蛇：没揣的，无端，有“忽然”之意。龙蛇，措旗上的图案；下接“一直的通霄汉”，龙蛇又用作安禄山的野心的象征，是双关语。

[10] 按奇门布下了九连环：奇门，即奇门遁甲，一种神秘的术数。九连环，九宫连环八卦阵。

[11] 莽兀剌拳毛：兀剌，用来加强语气，本身无意义。拳毛：鬈发。

[12] 恶支沙雕目胡颜：恶支沙，凶狠的；支沙，本身无意义。雕，即鵰，一种猛禽。胡颜，外族人的脸相。

[13] 显英雄天可汗：安禄山以天可汗自居。天可汗，唐代时外族尊称中国皇帝为天可汗。

[14] 折末的：不管。

[15] 赸（shàn）：跳跃。

[16] 踠（wǎn）跧（quán）：屈伏。

[17] 玉爪：指猎鹰。下文金獒（áo），指猎犬。

[18] 献杀：献猎获物。

[19] 洒落：不拘束。

[20] 浑不是：乐器名，一作吴拨四。

[21] 太平鼓板：疑是太平宴时奏的乐曲，以它的主要乐器鼓板而得名。

[22] 《菩萨蛮》：唐代教坊曲调的名称。

[23] 汛地：军队驻防的地方。

[24] 轻儇（xuān）：轻快。

[25] 轓（fān）：车旁障泥板。

[26] 把渔阳凝盼：静待安禄山的命令。渔阳即范阳，指节度使安禄山。

[27] 没照会，先去了那掣肘汉家官：除去了汉人官员的牵制，朝廷上就不知道己方的动静了。照会，对勘，有“知道”的意思。

[28] 六州番落：六州的番人部落。六州，伊州（今新疆维吾尔自治区哈密县境）、梁州（凉州，今甘肃武威）、甘州（今甘肃张掖）、石州（今山西离石）、胡渭州、氐州（都在甘肃境内）；这里泛指安禄山所统辖的各部落。

Scene 1 The Hunt

(Enter four Tartar Generals He, Cui, Gao and Shi.)

Ho: My three-foot sword shines bright as snow.

Cui: My waist is girt with crescent bow.

Gao: I’m fond of drinking my red wine.

Shi: My sable cap becomes this suit of mine.

Ho: I am General He of the eastern front.

Cui: I am General Cui of the western front.

Gao: I am General Gao of the southern front.

Shi: I am General Shi of the northern front.

All (Greeting each other): Good morning, generals. Ordered yesterday by the Governor to muster, now we are in his camp.Here comes His Highness.

(Trumpets blow and all shout.)

(An Lushan enters in military dress with Tartar maids and soldiers.)

An sings to the tune of “Violet Flowers”:

I have the frontier at command:

Tartars and Hans I understand.

I’ll hold the kingdom in my hand.

First, I’ll control the nearby land.

I have been ambitious for long. Appointed at court Lord of the East, I was an imcomparable favorite of the emperor.

Though fairly satisfied, I was at odds with Prime Minister Yang Guozhong. So I am pleased to be appointed Governor of Fanyang, where I may do as I will. Formerly I had under me thirty-two generals, on whom I could hardly rely, for there were Hans mingled with Tartars. So I requested to have only Tartar generals under me, and now they were all my tribesmen.

(Laughing) I can do what I like without restraint. Yester-day I summoned my generals to come to my camp and they should be here by now.

(The generals bow to him.)

Generals: Your thirty-two generals salute Your Highness.

An: You may not stand on ceremony.

Generals: May we ask why we are summoned to come here?

An: Autumn is the best time for us to practise our military arts when horses are strong and sturdy. So I have summoned you to share my pleasure of hunting on the sandy plain.

Generals: Yes, we shall do as you will, Your Highness.

An: Let us mount our saddled horses and ride forward!

(They mount their horses.)

All: Holding the purple reins in hand,

To saddled horses we go,

Our tasselled helmets low.

(Riding forward.)

Our banners flutter like snake or dragon proud,

Twisting and turning like crimson cloud.

The nine rings we deploy seem to reach the blue sky;

We belittle the Central Plain before the eye.

How could the Huns withstand our Tartar army grand!

(They gather around An Lushan.)

An (Pointing to one general after another):

The first general is brave and bright;

The second dressed in armor tight;

The third with curly hair and a nose high;

The fourth with bristled beard and eagle eye;

The fifth like the full moon can stretch his bow;

The sixth can whirl his mace and make it glow;

The seventh wields his spear with might and main;

The eighth shoots his arrows as thick as rain;

All of them like tigers leaving mountains high

Could make me heroic khan under the sky.

(They ride on.)

All: We beat the drums to show

Our might and main, and strike fear into the foe.

We blow the horn on steed;

Both man and horse run in array at full speed.

We roar like thunder from the sky,

And run like billows surging high.

There is no stronghold nor iron wall

We cannot conquer at all.

An: The sandy plain is wide and flat here. Let us begin our hunt now.

(Standing with Tartar maids on high ground while gener-als ride of to hunt)

They bend the bow,

And twanging its string they go.

On sandy plain hares and deer try to run away,

But finding no escape, trembling they stay.

(Generals ride in shooting at the games.)

Unleash the hounds and hawks.

(Generals ride of while unleashing them.)

Above the taloned eagles fly

To scrape the sky;

Below the golden hounds bar the way

To let nor hare nor deer run away.

Soon generals vie

To pile up games mountain-high.

(Generals present the games.)

Generals: Will it please Your Highness to see the games?

An: Feast on the games with our warriors! Let them rest with their horses on the slope while meat is roasted and wine warmed!Let songstresses sing and dancers dance to the fill!

Generals: It shall be done, Your Highness.

(They sit on the ground. Tartar maids offer wine to An.Generals cut meat with sword and drink from the pot. Tartar musicians play their lutes and guitars and beat peace-time tambourines.)

All: Let us fill our golden goblets with wine,

And on bleeding meat let us dine!

Let us embrace our beauties’ rosy cheeks in laughter,

And play the lute and sing the “Buddhist Dancers’ Song” after!An (Rising): We have eaten and drunk our fill. Now the day is growing late. You may go back to your garrisons and keep your men and arms and horses ready for further orders.

All: It shall be done as you wish.

(They mount their horses, blow their horns, tilt their caps,wave their hands and ride round.)

Ordered to get ready our forces,

Swiftly we leap to our saddled horses,

With our headdress askew,

We wave our hands to bid adieu.

Back to our posts, with flags and banners in flight,

We’ll wait for the summons to fight.

When Heaven makes us brave,

On earth will surge up wave on wave.

The Tang Empire will fall;

We’re prompt to answer the call

Of our high-hearted lord

To employ our spear and sword. (Exeunt.)

An: Now that my Tartar generals are all mighty and ready, you may say I am already fully fledged.

(Laughing) Ah! Tang Emperor, Tang Emperor, what could you do against me?

(Singing to the tune of “Epilogue”)

Without arousing his suspicion at all,

I’ve got rid of one after another Han General,

And replaced them then

With my own tribesmen.

You may dance to your Rainbow Dress song

All the day long;

I will beat my drum of revolt as high

As a bolt from the sky. (Exit.)

Epilogue of the Scene

My tribesmen of six states rise in campaign;

Our war steeds neigh on the vast Central Plain.

Like a gust of strong wind our winged troops will spread;

Hills and streams with bloodshed will be dyed red.

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 《许渊冲译长生殿》第四本 第一出 合围 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析