《许渊冲译长生殿》第四本 第四出 侦报 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析

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第四出 侦报

（外引末扮中军，四杂执刀棍上）

“出守岩疆典巨城，

风闻边事实堪惊。

不知忧国心多少，

白发新添四五茎。”

下官郭子仪，叨蒙圣恩，擢拜灵武太守。前在长安，见安禄山面有反相，知其包藏祸心。不想圣上命彼出镇范阳，分明纵虎归山。却又许易番将，一发添其牙爪。下官自天德军升任以来，日夜担忧。此间灵武，乃是股肱重地，防守宜严。已遣精细哨卒，前往范阳采听去了。

且待他来，便知分晓。

【双调】【夜行船】

（小生扮探子，执小红旗上）

两脚似星驰和电捷，

把边情打听些些。

急离燕山，

早来灵武。

（作进见外，一足跪叩科）向黄堂[1]爆雷般唱一声高喏。

（外）探子，你回来了么？

（小生）我“肩挑令字小旗红，昼夜奔驰疾似风。探得边关多少事，从头来报主人公。”

（外）分付掩门。

（众掩门科下）

（外）探子，你探的安禄山军情怎地，兵势如何？近前来，细细说与我听者。

（小生）爷爷听启，小哨一到了范阳镇上呵，

【乔木鱼】见枪刀似雪，

密匝匝铁骑连营列。

端的是号令如山把神鬼慴。

那知有朝中天子尊，

单逞他将军令阃外唓嗻[2]。

（外）那禄山在边关，近日作何勾当？（小生）

【庆宣和】他自请那番将更来把那汉将撤，

四下里牙爪排设。

每日价跃马弯弓斗驰猎，

把兵威耀也耀也。

（外）还有什么举动波？（小生）

【落梅花】他贼行藏[3]真难料，

歹心肠忒肆邪。

诱诸番密相勾结，

更私招四方亡命者，

巢窟内尽藏凶孽。

（外惊科）呀，有这等事！难道朝廷之上，竟无人奏告么？

（小生）闻得一月前，京中有人告称禄山反状，万岁爷暗遣中使，去到范阳，瞰其动静[4]。那禄山见了中使呵，

【风入松】

十分的小心礼貌假妆呆，

尽金钱遍布盖奸邪。

把一个中官哄骗的满心悦，

来回奏把逆迹全遮。

因此万岁爷愈信不疑，

反把告叛的人，

送到禄山军前治罪。

一任他横行傲桀，

有谁人敢再弄唇舌！

（外叹介）如此怎生是了也！

（小生）前日杨丞相又上—本，说禄山叛迹昭然，请皇上亟加诛戮。那禄山见了此本呵，

【拨不断】也不免脚儿跌，

口儿嗟，意儿中忐忑心儿里怯。

不想圣旨倒说禄山诚实，

丞相不必生疑。

他一闻此信，

便就呵呵大笑，

骂这谗臣奈我耶，

咬牙根誓将君侧权奸灭，

怒轰轰急待把此仇来雪。

（外）呀，他要诛君侧之奸，非反而何？且住，杨相这本怎么不见邸抄[5]？

（小生）此是密本，原不发抄。只因杨丞相要激禄山速反[6]，特着塘报[7]抄送去的。

（外怒科）唉，外有逆藩，内有奸相，好教人发指也！

（小生）小哨还打听的禄山近有献马一事，更利害哩！

【离亭宴带歇拍煞】他本待逞豺狼魆地里思抄窃[8]。巧借着献骅骝乘势去行强劫。

（外）怎么献马？可明白说来者。

（小生）他遣何千年赍表，奏称献马三千匹，每马一匹，有甲士二人，又有二人御马，一人刍牧，共三五一万五千人，护送入京。一路里兵强马劣，闹汹汹怎提防！乱纷纷难镇压，急攘攘谁拦截。生兵入帝畿，野马临城阙，怕不把长安来闹者！

（外惊科）唉，罢了，此计若行，西京[9]危矣。

（小生）这本方才进去，尚未取旨[10]。只是禄山呵，他明把至尊欺，狡将奸计使，险备机关设。马蹄儿纵不行，狼性子终难帖。逗的[11]鼙鼓向渔阳动也，爷爷呵，莫待传白羽[12]始安排。小哨呵，准备闪红旗再报捷。

（外）知道了。赏你一坛酒，一腔羊，五十两花银，免一月打差。去罢。

（小生叩头科）谢爷。

（外）叫左右，开门。

（众应上，作开门科）

（小生下）（外）中军官。

（末应介）（外）传令众军士，明日教场操演，准备酒席犒赏。

（末）领钧旨。（先下）

（外）数骑渔阳探使回，杜牧

威雄八阵役风雷。刘禹锡

胸中别有安边计，曹唐

注释：

[1] 黄堂：太守。

[2] 将军令阃（kǔn）外唓（chē）嗻（zhè）：阃，郭门门槛。都城之外都是将军所管，用来形容他的威权之大。唓嗻，厉害，了不起。

[3] 行藏：行为。

[4] 万岁爷暗遣中使……瞰其动静：天宝十四载二月，宰相韦见素、杨国忠奏告安禄山有反叛的阴谋。唐明皇派中使辅璆琳以赐安禄山柑子为名，去察看他的动静。璆琳收受贿赂，竭力为他辩解。于是，明皇对安禄山更加信任不疑。

[5] 邸抄：邸，唐代藩镇在京师的留守处。邸中传抄诏、令、奏章等传送给藩镇，这种抄件叫邸抄，一名邸报。

[6] 杨丞相要激禄山速反：《通鉴》天宝十四载十月条：“杨国忠与禄山不相悦，屡言禄山且反，上不听。国忠数以事激之，欲其速反，以取信于上。”

[7] 塘报：驿报。塘，古代官设的通信站。

[8] 魆地里思抄窃：企图暗中偷袭。魆地里，暗暗地；抄窃，绕道袭击。

[9] 西京：唐以洛阳为东都，因此京师长安也称西京。

[10] 这本方才进去，尚未取旨：《通鉴》天宝十四载七月条：“禄山表献马三千匹，每匹执控夫二人，遣蕃将二十二人部送。河南尹达奚珣疑有变，奏请谕禄山，以进车马宜俟至冬，官自给夫，无烦本军。于是上稍寤，始有疑禄山之意。”

[11] 逗的：到，等到。

[12] 白羽：羽檄，古代征调军队的文书。

Scene4 The Scout’s Report

(Enter General Guo Ziyi with his lieutenant and four armed attendants.)

Guo: Guarding the border

And cities under my order,

How often have I heard

From the frontier alarming word.

How can my hair not turn more white

To worry for the empire’s plight!

I, Guo Ziyi, governor of Lingwu Province appointed by His Majesty, have foreseen, judging by his behavior, that An Lushan must be a rebel and that he would plot against the empire.

But, unexpectedly he was appointed governor of Fanyang,which amounts to a tiger released to the mountains. Then he was allowed to replace Han generals with Tartar chiefs, which would mean the tiger is now added with two wings. Since my promotion from Jiande District, I have been worrying about this day and night. Lingwu is an important strategic point which must be well guarded. I have sent scouts to Fanyang to gather more information from there. I am waiting for their return so that I may make a better decision.

(A scout enters with a small red flag in hand.)

Scout (Singing to the tune of “Night Sailing Boat”):

Swift as a shooting star

Or lightning flash my two legs are.

I’ve learned what’s happening on the frontier,

And left the Northern Mountain to come here.

(Kneeling on one knee to salute the gerneral)

I should report in Yellow Hall as loud

As thunder from the cloud

Guo: So you are back.

Scout (Bowing): On my shoulder a small flag red,

As swift as wind night and day I hurried ahead.

Knowing what’s happening on the frontier,

I hasten to report for you to hear.

Guo: Close the gate.

(The attendants go out to close the gate.)

Now tell me, scout, what An Lushan is doing in Fanyang. How strong is his army? Come forward and tell me in full.

Scout: I beg your lordship to listen what happened in Fanyang when I reached there.

(Singing to the tune of “The Brushwood”):

I saw but snow-bright swords and spears

And tent on tent full of armed cavaliers.

At his military order

Would tremble all the border.

Who would listen to the crown?

All would obey him up and down.

Guo: What is An Lushan doing there now?

Scout: He has replaced Han generals with

His Tartarian chiefs low and high.

They hunt and bend their bows from day to day,

And put their skill on full display.

Guo: What elae?

Scout (Singing to the tune of “Fallen Mume Blossoms”):

What they have done’s beyond belief;

What they plot about would bring grief.

They gathered together men in force

And rallied outlaws on horse,

Like those who plot and hide

In their lair side by side.

Guo: Why is there none to inform the court?

Scout: It was said in the capital one month ago that An Lushan was accused of plotting rebellion and the emperor sent secretly an envoy to Fanyang to watch what happened there. On seeing the envoy,

(Singing to the tune of “Wind Soughing throug Pines”)

An Lushan pretended to know nothing and tried

To be polite and bribed him to hide

The fact so that the envoy came back in time

To clear An Lushan of any crime.

The emperor believed,

The envoy deceived,

While the informer was sent

To An’s camp for punishment.

He can do what he pleases with his men.

Who dare inform the court of anything since then?

Guo: What should and could be done?

Scout: The prime minister has recently made a proposal to the emperor to put An Lushan to death for it is evident that he will revolt one day. On hearing of this,

(Singing to the tune of “The Unbroken String”)

An Lushan would stumble and sigh,

Afraid his end was nigh,

But the emperor believed him sincere

And told the minister not to fear.

An Lushan burst into laughter:

What could the minister do after?

He swore with clenched teeth

To put the prime minister underneath.

To take revenge is his desire,

Which bursts out into fire.

Guo: Would it not be rebellion to plot to put down the prime minister? How could I know nothing of the prime minister’s proposal?

Scout: The proposal should be kept as a top secret. Since the prime minister would excite An Lushan to rebellion, he had a copy sent to him on purpose.

Guo (Angrily): A rebellious general without and a treacherous prime minister within. How could my hair not stand on end!

Scout: What is more, An Lushan had a scheme of presenting horses to the court.

(Singing to the tune of “Leaving the Pavilion”):

Under the pretext of presenting horses

He plots to attack the capital with armed forces.

Guo: How so? Explainly clearly.

Scout: He sent General He Qiannian with a proposal to present to the throne three thousand horses, each accompanied with two armed guards, two horsemen and one groom so that there would be fifteen thousand armed men sent to the capital. With armed forces and strong horses, they

Would make great trouble all the way.

How to refrain those soldiers in disorder

And the untractable horses from the border?

Who could bar their way to the capital

And stop their horses under the city wall?

When they arrive at the imperial town,

They would turn all things upside down.

Guo (Startled): Ah, if his plan were carried out, the capital would be in danger.

Scout: An’s proposal has just been submitted and not yet approved.

But it is clear that An Lushan plots to deceive the emperor.

Even if the horse plan failed to be carried out,

There would be a wolf’s plot he’s thinking about.

Do not wait till he beats the war drum

To announce his army’s come.

My lord may make preparations beforehand

So that I may report your victory through the land.

Guo: Well, you will be rewarded with a jar of wine, one sheep and fifty taels of silver and granted one month’s leave. You may go now.

Scout (Bowing): Thank you, my lord.

Guo: Open the gate, attendants.

(The attendants come in to open the gate and let the scout withdraw.) Lieutenant!

Lieutenant: Here, my lord.

Guo: Give orders to hold maneuvers tomorrow and feast our men with wine and meat.

Lieutenant: Yes, my lord, your order shall be executed.

Epilogue of the Scene

Guo: My scouts come back from the frontier on horse:

Like wind and thunder fight my men in force.

Having my plan to pacify the border,

I’ll drink to men in arms under my order.

(Exeunt.)

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 《许渊冲译长生殿》第四本 第四出 侦报 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析