《许渊冲译长生殿》第五本第三出 埋玉 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析

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第三出 埋玉

【南吕过曲】【金钱花】（末扮陈元礼引军士上）

拥旄仗钺[1]前驱，

前驱，

羽林拥卫銮舆，

銮舆。

匆匆避贼就征途。

人跋涉，

路崎岖。

知何日，

到成都。

下官右龙武将军陈元礼是也。因禄山造反，破了潼关，圣上避兵幸蜀，命俺统领禁军扈驾。行了一程，早到马嵬驿了。

（内鼓噪介）

（末）众军为何呐喊？

（内）禄山造反，圣驾播迁，都是杨国忠弄权，激成变乱。

若不斩此贼臣，我等死不扈驾。

（末）众军不必鼓噪，暂且安营。

待我奏过圣上，自有定夺[2]。

（内应介）

（末引军重唱“人跋涉”四句下）

（生同旦骑马，引老旦、贴、丑行上）

【中吕过曲】【粉孩儿】

匆匆的弃宫闱珠泪洒，

叹清清冷冷半张銮驾，

望成都直在天一涯。

渐行来渐远京华[3]，

五六搭剩水残山，

两三间空舍崩瓦。

（丑）来此已是马嵬驿了，请万岁爷暂住銮驾。

（生、旦下马，作进坐介）

（生）寡人不道，误宠逆臣，致此播迁，悔之无及。妃子，只是累你劳顿，如之奈何！

（旦）臣妾自应随驾，焉敢辞劳。只愿早早破贼，大驾还都便好。

（内又喊介）杨国忠专权误国，今又交通吐蕃，我等誓不与此贼俱生。要杀杨国忠的，快随我等前去。

（杂扮四军提刀赶副净上，绕场奔介）

（军作杀副净，呐喊下）

（生惊介）高力士，外面为何喧嚷？快宣陈元礼进来。

（丑）领旨。

（宣介）

（末上见介）臣陈元礼见驾。

（生）众军为何呐喊？

（末）臣启陛下：杨国忠专权召乱，又与吐蕃私通。激怒六军，竟将国忠杀死了。

（生作惊介）呀，有这等事。

（旦作背掩泪介）

（生沉吟介）这也罢了，传旨起驾。

（末出传旨介）圣旨道来，赦汝等擅杀之罪。作速起行。

（内又喊介）国忠虽诛，贵妃尚在。不杀贵妃，誓不扈驾。

（末见生介）众军道，国忠虽诛，贵妃尚在，不肯起行。望陛下割恩正法。

（生作大惊介）哎呀，这话如何说起！

（旦慌牵生衣介）

（生）将军，

【红芍药】国忠纵有罪当加，

现如今已被劫杀。

妃子在深宫自随驾，

有何干六军疑讶。

（末）圣谕极明，只是军心已变，如之奈何！

（生）卿家，作速晓谕他，恁狂言没些高下。

（内又喊介）（末）陛下呵，

听军中恁地喧哗，

教微臣怎生弹压！

（旦哭介）陛下呵，

【耍孩儿】

事出非常堪惊诧。

已痛兄遭戮，

奈臣妾又受波查[4]。

是前生，

事已定薄命应折罚。

望吾皇急切抛奴罢，

只一句伤心话……

（生）妃子且自消停。

（内又喊介）不杀贵妃，死不扈驾。

（末）臣启陛下：贵妃虽则无罪，国忠实其亲兄，今在陛下左右，军心不安。若军心安，则陛下安矣。愿乞三思。

（生沉吟介）

【会河阳】

无语沉吟，

意如乱麻。

（旦牵生衣哭介）痛生生怎地舍官家[5]！

（合）可怜，一对鸳鸯，风吹浪打，直恁的遭强霸！

（内又喊介）

（旦哭介）众军，逼得我心惊唬，

（生作呆想，忽抱旦哭介）贵妃，好教我难禁架[6]！

（众军呐喊上，绕场、围驿下）

（丑）万岁爷，外厢军士已把驿亭围了。若再迟延，恐有他变，怎么处？

（生）陈元礼，你快去安抚三军，朕自有道理！

（末）领旨。（下）

（生、旦抱哭介）

（旦）

【缕缕金】

魂飞颤，

泪交加。

（生）堂堂天子贵，

不及莫愁家[7]。

（合哭介）难道把恩和义，霎时抛下！

（旦跪介）臣妾受皇上深恩，杀身难报。今事势危急，望赐自尽，以定军心。陛下得安稳至蜀，妾虽死犹生也。算将来无计解军哗，残生愿甘罢，残生愿甘罢！

（哭倒生怀介）

（生）妃子说那里话！你若捐生，朕虽有九重之尊，四海之富，要他则甚！宁可国破家亡，决不肯抛舍你也！

【摊破地锦花】任讙哗，我一谜妆聋哑，

总是朕差。

现放着一朵娇花，

怎忍见风雨摧残，

断送天涯。

若是再禁加[8]，

拚代你陨黄沙。

（旦）陛下虽则恩深，但事已至此，无路求生。若再留恋，倘玉石俱焚，益增妾罪。望陛下舍妾之身，以保宗社[9]。

（丑作掩泪，跪介）娘娘既慷慨捐生，望万岁爷以社稷为重，勉强割恩罢。

（内又喊介）

（生顿足哭介）罢罢，妃子既执意如此，朕也做不得主了。高力士，只得但、但凭娘娘罢！

（作哽咽、掩面哭下）

（旦朝上拜介）万岁！

（作哭倒介）

（丑向内介）众军听着，万岁爷已有旨，赐杨娘娘自尽了。

（众内呼介）万岁，万岁，万万岁！

（丑扶旦起介）娘娘，请到后边去。（扶旦行介）

（旦哭介）

【哭相思】

百年离别在须臾，

一代红颜为君尽！（转作到介）

（丑）这里有座佛堂在此。

（旦作进介）且住，待我礼拜佛爷。

（拜介）佛爷，佛爷！念杨玉环呵，

【越恁好】

罪孽深重，罪孽深重，

望我佛度脱咱。

（丑拜介）愿娘娘好处生天。（旦起哭介）

（丑跪哭介）娘娘，有甚话儿，分付奴才几句。

（旦）高力士，圣上春秋已高，我死之后，只有你是旧人，能体圣意，须索小心奉侍。再为我转奏圣上，今后休要念我了。

（丑哭应介）奴才晓得。

（旦）高力士，我还有一言。

（作除钗、出盒介）这金钗一对，钿盒一枚，是圣上定情所赐。你可将来[10]与我殉葬，万万不可遗忘。

（丑接钗盒介）奴才晓得。

（旦哭介）断肠痛杀，说不尽恨如麻。

（末领军拥上）杨妃既奉旨赐死，何得停留，稽迟圣驾。

（军呐喊介）

（丑向前拦介）众军士不得近前，杨娘娘即刻归天了。

（旦）唉，陈元礼，陈元礼，你兵威不向逆寇加，逼奴自杀。

（军又喊介）

（丑）不好了，军士每拥进来了。

（旦看介）唉，罢、罢，这一株梨树，是我杨玉环结果之处了。

（作腰间解出白练，拜介）臣妾杨玉环，叩谢圣恩。从今再不得相见了。

（丑泣介）

（旦作哭缢介）我那圣上啊，我一命儿便死在黄泉下，一灵儿只傍着黄旗下[11]。

（做缢死下）

（末）杨妃已死，众军速退。

（众应同下）

（丑哭介）我那娘娘啊！

（下）

（生上）“六军不发无奈何，宛转蛾眉马前死。”

（丑持白练上，见生介）启万岁爷，杨娘娘归天了。

（生作呆不应介）

（丑又启介）杨娘娘归天了。自缢的白练在此。

（生看大哭介）哎哟，妃子，妃子，兀的不[12]痛杀寡人也！

（倒介）

（丑扶介）（生哭介）

【红绣鞋】

当年貌比桃花，桃花，

（丑）今朝命绝梨花，梨花。

（出钗盒介）这金钗、钿盒，是娘娘分付殉葬的。

（生看钗盒哭介）这钗和盒，是祸根芽。长生殿，恁欢洽，马嵬驿，恁收煞！

（丑）仓卒之间，怎生整备棺椁?

（生）也罢，权将锦褥包裹。须要埋好记明，以待日后改葬。

这钗盒就系娘娘衣上吧。

（丑）领旨。

（下）

（生哭介）

【尾声】

温香艳玉须臾化，

今世今生怎见他！

（末上跪介）请陛下起驾。

（生顿足恨介）咳，我便不去西川也值甚么！

（内呐喊、掌号，众军上）

【仙吕入双调过曲】【朝元令】（丑暗上，引生上马行介）

（合）长空雾黏，

旌旆寒风飐。

长征路淹[13]，

队仗黄尘染。

谁料君臣，

共尝危险。

恨贼寇横兴逆焰，

烽火相兼，

何时得将豺虎歼。

遥望蜀山尖，

回将凤阙瞻[14]，

浮云数点，

咫尺把长安遮掩，

长安遮掩。

翠华[15]西拂蜀云飞。章褐

天地尘昏九鼎[16]危。吴融

蝉鬓[17]不随銮驾去，高骈

空惊鸳鹭忽相随。钱起

注释：

[1] 拥旄（máo）仗钺（yuè）：旄，旄节，毛编成竹节的样子；钺，大斧。两者都是古代帝王、元帅、将军所有，象征权威。

[2] 定夺：决定。

[3] 京华：京都。

[4] 波查：波折。

[5] 官家：皇帝。

[6] 难禁架：难受，难以对付。

[7] 堂堂天子贵，不及莫愁家：爱上皇帝，不及莫愁那样爱上一个普通的人，相爱到老。

[8] 若是再禁加：如果军队再闹下去。

[9] 宗社：宗庙、社稷，两者是封建主义国家的象征。宗社，即国家。

[10] 将来：拿来。

[11] 黄旗下：指天子的行踪。

[12] 兀的不：表示惊叹的语气，犹如岂不、怎么不。兀的，本身没有意义。

[13] 淹：迟留，在路上走得缓慢。

[14] 回将凤阙瞻：回过头来看宫殿。

[15] 翠华：装饰着翠鸟羽毛的旗子，天子所用。

[16] 九鼎：相传夏禹铸的九鼎是历代传国之宝。此指国家。

[17] 蝉鬓：古代妇女鬓发的一种式样，梳起来像蝉翼一样薄。此指杨贵妃。

Scene3 Death of Lady Yang

(Enter General Chen Yuanli with troops.)

Chen (Singing to the tune of “Golden Flowers”):

With flags and spears,

We march ahead with cavaliers.

We are vanguard

Of the Imperial Guard

To protect His Majesty

From the revolting enemy.

In haste we go on rugged way

To escape from the foe without delay.

When can we reach the West

To have a rest?

I am General Chen Yuanli, commander of the right wing of the Imperial Guards. As An Lushan’s revolting army has taken the Western Pass, the emperor is going to Chengdu in the West so as not to be endangered by the disaster. Ordered to escort the imperial convoy, we have had a hard journey and here we are at the Horse-Halting Slope.

(Shouting is heard offstage) Where comes the uproar?

Voice off: An Lushan in revolt has forced His Majesty to leave the capital. Who should take the blame but the prime minister Yang Guozhong? If he were not put to death, how could we obey the order to protect His Majesty?

Chen: Do not make such a hue and cry but pitch your camp at once. I shall report to His Majesty, and we should wait for the imperial decision. (A shout of assent is heard.)

In haste we go on rugged way

To escape from the foe without delay.

When can we reach the West

To have a rest? (Exeunt.)

(Enter the emperor and Lady Yang on horse, followed by her two maids and Gao Lishi.)

Emperor (Singing to the tune of “Rosy-faced Child”):

In haste we left the capital in tears,

With only half of our equipage and cavaliers.

How sad and drear

Do we appear!

Chengdu seems to our eyes

As far as the blue skies.

We go farther and farther away

From the capital each day.

In front lie scattered hills and lonely streams

And two or three empty houses with broken beams.

Gao: Here we are at the Horse-Halting Slope. May it please Your Majesty to alight?

(The emperor and Lady Yang alight, enter the station and sit down.)

Emperor: I was unwise to trust that rebellious general. But it is now too late to regret.

(To Lady Yang): What can I do now that I have involved you in this trouble, my dear?

Lady Yang: I will follow Your Majesty wherever you go. How dare I shrink from any hardship? I only hope that the rebels will soon be beaten so that Your Majesty may return to the capital with me.

Voices off (Shouting): It is Yang Guozhong who has got us into trouble. How can we serve one who has secretly schemed with the Western tribesmen? How can we live under such a treacherous minister! Come with us if you want to put him to death!

(Yang Guozhong runs in, pursued by guards armed with swords. Running around, the prime minister is caught and put to death at last. Soldiers go of with a shout of triumph.)

Emperor (Startled): Why are the soldiers shouting? Call General Chen Yunali at once!

Gao: Yes, Your Majesty.

(Hearing the order, General Chen enters.)

Chen (Saluting the emperor): General Chen pays homage to Your Majesty.

Emperor: Why are the soldiers shouting?

Chen: Would Your Majesty allow me to report? On discover-ing the prime minister was to blame for An Lushan’s revolt, soldiers rose against him; on learning his intrigue with the Western tribesmen, they put him to death.

Emperor (Startled): How could this have happened!

(Lady Yang turns her head to wipe away tears.)

Emperor (After a moment’s reflection): This is done against my will.Give order that the army should go on pursuing the journey.

Chen: His Majesty pardons the guards who have put the prime minsiter to death, and orders the army to go on the journey.

Shouts off: Lady Yang is still at the emperor’s side after the death of Yang Guozhong. How could we allow her to revenge on us!We demand her death at once.

Chen (To the emperor): Soldiers say that they would not go on until Lady Yang is put to death. I beg Your Majesty to consider their demand.

Emperor (Greatly alarmed): How can they make such a rebel-lious demand!

(Lady Yang, frightened, takes hold of the emperor’s sleeves.) Emperor (Singing to the tune of “Red Peony”):

If the prime minister is guilty at all,

He’s punished with his death.

But Lady Yang serves me in inner palace hall,

Why should the army take away her breath?

Chen: Your Majesty is fair and square. But what to do with a furious army beyond reason!

Emperor: Dear General, go at once to tell the throng

What is right above what is wrong! (Shouts are heard off stage.)

Chen: Your Majesty,

The army rise in disorder.

How could they listen to my order!

Lady Yang (Weeping): Your Majesty.

(Singing to the tune of “Playing a Child”):

What a surprise

To know my cousin dies!

Even I’m implicated;

To sufer I seem fated.

I beg Your Majesty

To abandon poor me.

I have only a word to say on my part,

Though it should break my heart.

Emperor: Wait a moment, my dear. Let me think it over.

Shouts off: If Lady Yang is still protected, how could we protect His Majesty?

Chen: Though Lady Yang is blameless, Your Majesty, yet the prime minister is her cousin. How could the army feel secure with her at Your Majesty’s side? How could Your Majesty feel secure if the army feel not? I beg Your Majesty to consider it again.

Emperor (Reflecting and singing to the tune of “Gothering in Heyang”):

I meditate, wordless,

With my mind in a mess.

Lady Yang (Clinging to the emperor’s robe and crying):

Dry sorrow gnaws my heart.

How can I from you part?

Together: Like a pair of love-birds in stormy turbulence,

How can we sufer such violence!

(An uproar of threatening shouts is heard again.)

Lady Yang: They threaten me with death.

Emperor (Catching hold of her and bursting in tears): What can I do against their violence, my darling!

(Soldiers burst in shouting, walk around to show the station besieged and then withdraw.)

Gao: Your Majesty, the station is besieged. If no action is taken,things may turn worse. What could be done?

Emperor: General Chen, go and try to dissuade the army while I’ll think of a way out.

Chen: Yes, Your Majesty. (Exit.)

(The emperor and ladying Yang cling to each other in tears.) Lady Yang (Singing to the tune of “Thread on Thread of Gold”):

My soul has fled

While tears are shed.

Emperor: High as Imperial Majesty,

From grief I am not free.

Together (In tears): How can I forget

In love I owe you a debt!

Lady Yang (Kneeling): I have received so much imperial favor that it cannot be repaid with my life. Now the danger is imminent,I beg Your Majesty to allow me to commit suicide so that the army may be pacified. When Your Majesty has arrived safely at the Western capital, I would feel more comforted to be dead than alive. (Singing)

There’s no way to satisfy their demand

But to sacrifice my life at your command,

But to sacrifice my life at your command.

(Crying with her head in his lap)

Emperor: How could you say that, my love! Without you by my side, what is the use of the throne? I would lose the empire rather than you.

(Singing to the tune of “Embroidered Carpet”)

Their shout and clamor I won’t hear,

But only turn them a deaf ear.

It is all my fault, how can I bear a flower

To be destroyed by roaring wind and shower!

If the army should still rebellious stand,

Instead of you, I would be buried in the sand.

Lady Yang: Your Majesty is lavish with your love and favor, but the situation is desperate. You cannot sacrifice a jade for a stone,or a greater blame would lie on me. Please give me up for the empire’s sake.

Gao (Wiping tears away and kneeling): Since Her Ladyship is so gracious as to sacrifice her own life, I beg Your Majesty to grant her request for the empire’s sake. (Shouts are heard offstage.)

Emperor (Stamping his feet in tears): What could I do if she insists?Gao Lishi, let Her Ladyship do what she wishes. (Sobbing, he covers his face and withdraws.)

Lady Yang (Sobbing and bowing): Long live Your Majesty! (Falling down in tears)

Gao (Calling to the soldiers outside): Listen! His Majesty has ordered Lady Yang’s death.

Shouts of: Long, long live the emperor!

(Gao helps Lady Yang to rise.)

Gao: Please come this way, Your Ladyship.

(Helping her along.)

Lady Yang (Singing in tears to the tune of “Lovesickness”):

In a moment I’ll bid an eternal adieu

To my lord for whom I’d lose my rosy hue. (They halt.) Gao: Here is a shrine.

Lady Yang (Standing before the shrine): Wait! Let me worship the Buddha! (Bowing)

O Great Buddha, so sinful am I,

Would you pardon me after I die?

Gao (Bowing): May Your Ladyship go up to Heaven!

(Lady Yang rises weeping, and Gao kneels in tears)

Have Your Ladyship anything to confide to me?

Lady Yang: Gao Lishi, His Majesty is growing old. You are the only one after me who can understand His Majesty. Would you take good care of him and tell him to forget me?

Gao (Weeping): I know what I should do.

Lady Yang: I have something else to tell you. (Unfastening the hairpin from her hair and taking out a jewel box) The twin hairpin and the jewel box are given to pledge His Majesty’s love for me. Be sure to bury them with me and do not forget it!

Gao (Taking them): Yes, it shall be done as Your Ladyship wishes.

Lady Yang (Singing in tears): Heart-broken in distress,

My grief is too deep to express.

Chen (Hurrying in with soldiers): By imperial decree, Lady Yang should commit suicide.

How could she still be here to delay His Majesty’s journey?

(Soldiers shout and Gao tries to stop them.)

Gao: Keep back! Lady Yang is going to return to Heaven.

Lady Yang: Ah! Chen Yuanli, Chen Yuanli!

Why, should you bring no rebels’ death,

But take away my breath?

(Soldiers shout again in uproar.)

Gao: Alas! The soldiers are breaking in.

Lady Yang (Looking around): What can I do but end my life on this pear tree!

(Taking off her white silk girdle and curtseying to the distance) I kowtow in thanks for the royal favor conferred on his humble maid. I’m afraid we’ll never see each other again in this life.(Gao weeps.)

Lady Yang (Preparing in tears to hang herself): Your Majesty,I’ll end my life and go to underground stream.

My soul will never leave Your Majesty’s dream. (Exit.)

Gao (To soldiers): Don’t break in now! Lady Yang is gone!

(Soldiers withdraw.)

Gao (In tears): Alas! Your Ladyship! (Exit.)

(The emperor enters.)

Emperor: Six armies—what could be done?—would not march with speed

Unless my Lady Yang be killed before their steed.

(Gao re-enters with the white silk girdle and presents it to the emperor.)

Gao: Your Majesty, Lady Yang is gone.

(The emperor, terror-stricken, remains wordless.)

Lady Yang is gone. Here is the silk girdle with which she hanged herself.

Emperor (Looking at the girdle and crying bitterly): Alas! My love, my love! How can my heart not be broken! (Stagger-ing,supported by Gao)

(Singing to the tune of “Embroidered Red Shoes”):

Then fair as peach blossom was she,

as peach blossom was she!

Gao: Now she is dead under a pear tree,

dead under a pear tree.

(Showing the hairpin and the jewel box)

The hairpin and the jewel box, Her Ladyship told me to bury them together with her remains.

Emperor (Looking at them in tears):

The hairpin and jewel box are root of evils all.

How much joy we knew in the Long-life Hall!

Now at Horse-Halting Slope,

Our love ends without any hope.

Gao: How could we prepare in such a hurry a coffin fit for Her Ladyship?

Emperor: Since it is impossible to do anything fit, you may wrap her up in a silk quilt and mark the burial place so that her remains may be removed later. The hairpin and the jewel box may be put into her clothes.

Gao: Yes. Your Majesty’s order shall be executed.

(Exit.)

Emperor (Singing to the tune of “The Epilogue in tears”):

Her warm fragrance and jade-white beauty have passed away.

Where could I find her in the world of today?

(General Chen enters and kneels to the emperor.)

Chen: Will it please Your Majesty to go on the journey to the West?

Emperor (Stamping): What do I care for the Western journey!(Trumpets blow and the guards march in.)

(Gao Lishi re-enters to lead the emperor to his horse.)

All (Singing to the tune of “Paying the Homage”):

Mist veils the sky;

The cold wind blows and flags and banners fly.

The way is long,

And dust-covered the throng.

Who could anticipate the emperor

Should brave the danger with his minister?

We hate the rebels putting the country on fire

With flames rising higher and higher.

When will end the times hard?

When shall we quell rebellious tiger and pard?

Far, far away the Western Mountain towers.

Looking back, we can’t find the palace bowers

But floating clouds so white

With the capital lost to sight,

And the capital lost to sight.

Epilogue of the Scene

With royal banners sweeping west clouds westwards fly;

The capital in danger darkens earth and sky.

The lord can’t find the rosy face of his fair bride;

In vain he sighs for love-birds swimming side by side.

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 《许渊冲译长生殿》第五本第三出 埋玉 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析