《The great escape 大逃亡》 -新概念英语第四册 学习笔记

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The great escape

大逃亡

 
Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upon equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.
图省钱是露营的一个主要动机,因为除了开始时购置或是租借一套露营装备外,总费用算起来要比住旅馆开支少得多。
🎈economy n. 1. 经济2. 节约
例句
The Chinese economy grows at an annual rate of 8 percent. 
中国经济以每年8%的速度增长。
厉行节约practice economy 
🎈…的动机 motive for / behind sth.
谋杀的动机the motive for the murder
此次炸弹袭击的动机the motive behind the bombing
注意:motive of sth的搭配中,sth即是motive,比如the motive of revenge(复仇的动机),动机其实就是复仇
🎈…的花费/支出 outlay on / upon …= expense / cost of … [注意介词搭配]
 

But, contrary to a popular assumption, it is far from being the only one, or even the greatest.
但是,和一般的看法相反,这决非是仅有的,甚至不是最主要的动机。
🎈or even the greatest相当于or (it is) even (far from being) the greatest (one)
🎈与…相反 contrary to …
和流行的观点相反contrary to popular opinion / belief
和流行的假设相反contrary to a popular assumption
与预期相反contrary to expectations
🎈根本不是…,远非… far from… 
far from (being) + n. / adj.
far from doing
例句
Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 
你的工作一点也不让人满意。

 
The man who manoeuvres carelessly into his 20 pounds1 worth of space at one of Europe’s myriad permanent sites may find himself bumping a Bentley. More likely, Ford Escort will be hub to hub with Renault or Mercedes, but rarely with bicycles made for two.
如果一位游客漫不经心地驾车驶入欧洲无数常年营地之一,花20镑租用一个空位,那么他可能会碰见一辆本特利汽车,更可能会望见一辆福特·康索尔或一辆雷诺或一辆梅塞迪斯并排停放着,不过双人自行车则不容易看到。
🎈manoeuvre / maneuver v. 运用技巧移动或使转弯
例句
The pilot maneuvered to avoid the bird. 
飞行员通过技巧(使飞机)避开鸟。
🎈价值…的…    金钱 + worth of + 物品
价值五十便士的麻烦fifty pence worth of trouble
价值数千英镑的钻石thousands of pounds worth of diamonds
🎈myriad adj. (fml.) 无数的uncountably many 
海洋里数不胜数的鱼the myriad fish in the ocean
🎈to 紧靠着,面对着
面对面站着stand face to face
背靠背坐着sit back to back
跳贴面舞dance cheek to cheek
cars queuing bumper to bumper 车头对车尾一字排开
🎈两人 for two
例句
I’d like to reserve a table for two. 
我想预订一张两人桌。

 
That the equipment of modern camping becomes yearly more sophisticated is an entertaining paradox for the cynic, a brighter promise for the hopeful traveller who has sworn to get away from it all.
现代露营装备一年比一年讲究,这对那些厌世嫉俗者来说是一件有趣的自相矛盾的事情。而对于发誓用露营来摆脱烦恼的人来说,却带来了更光明的前景。
🎈That the equipment of modern camping becomes yearly more sophisticated…是主语从句,that不能省略。
🎈yearly adj. 每年的 adv. 每年 = annually
🎈度假get away/ have a holiday
过一个彻底放松的假期get away from it all/have a thoroughly relaxing holiday

 
It also provides-and some student sociologist might care to base his thesis upon the phenomenon-an escape of another kind.
学社会学的大学生来露营是另一种形式的摆脱现实,他们的目的很可能是根据观察到的露营现象去写论文。
🎈实习教师、实习护士a student teacher / nurse 
🎈想(要)做某事care for sth. / to do sth. (fml.) = want sth. / to do sth.
例句
Would you care for a drink? 
想来杯喝的吗?
Would you care to go to a walk? 
想去散散步吗?
🎈把…基于…上  base … on / upon …
🎈Sing→Pl.
phenomenon→phenomena 现象
criterion→criteria 标准

 
The modern traveller is often a man who dislikes the Splendide and the Bella vista, not because he cannot afford, or shuns their material comforts, but because he is afraid of them.
现代露营旅游的人往往讨厌在“斯普兰迪德”和“贝拉维斯塔”这样的大酒店,这并不是因为他们付不起钱,也不是为了躲避物质享受,而是因为他们害怕它们(酒店)。
🎈不是…而是… not … but …
不是因为…, 而是因为… not that … but that …或It is / was not that … but (that) …
🎈shun v. 避免,避开,回避to deliberately avoid sb. or sth. 
避免奢华/避免诱惑/避免引起公众关注 shun luxury / temptation / publicity
🎈comforts n. [pl.] 使人感觉舒适享受的事物the things that make your life nicer and more comfortable, esp. things that are not necessary 
配有现代舒适设施的酒店hotels with all the modern comforts

 
Affluent he may be, but he is by no means sure what to tip the doorman or the chambermaid.
他们可能很富有,但给看门人和房间女服务员多少小费,心中却根本没有数。
🎈Affluent属于主语补足语前置。
主题性前置 Thematic Fronting
1. 宾语前置
例句
Smoking he absolutely loathes.
2. 宾语补足语前置
例句
A scandal l I call it.
3. 主语补足语前置
3-1. 主语较短时,常不用倒装语序。
例句
Very strange it was.
3-2. 主语较复杂时,常用倒装语序(系动词提至主语之前)。
例句
Gone are the days when China had to depend on foreign oil.

 
Master in his own house, he has little idea of when to say boo to a maître d’hôtel.
他们在家可能是主人,但不知道什么时候才能对酒店的经理表示不满。
🎈Master in his own house是无动词分句。
例句
Education, what would civilization be like without its benefits?
A science reporter, he has a wide range of knowledge.
Bank loan or no bank loan, we’ll buy the house.
🎈boo n. 呸(表示不赞成或唾弃)sound made to show disapproval or contempt 
🎈maître d’hôtel n. 饭店经理或服务生领班the person in charge of a restaurant or of the people who bring food to your table in a restaurant 

 
From all such fears camping releases him.
露营为人们免除了这些忧虑。
🎈From all such fears提前,主要是为了更好地承上启下。
🎈释放 ,解脱release … from …

 
Granted, a snobbery of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists; but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with. There is no superior ‘they’ in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies to darken his holiday days.
诚然,露营地本身也存在以露营装备和方式取人的势利现象,但如果遇到这种情况,露营者也容易理解和知道如何对付,但在露营地里根本不会有管人的“人上人”和酒店里的等级制度来种露营者的假日过得阴郁低沉。
🎈的确…但是…
It is true that / Admittedly, / Granted,/ …, +  but that is not to say that … / it does not follow that …/ it does not necessarily mean that … / there is no…
🎈readily ad. 
1. willingly乐意地 
2. without difficulty; easily容易地
例句
The equipment was cheap and readily available.
这种设备很便宜,也很容易获取。
🎈比…更高级/低级 be superior/ inferior to …
比…年纪大(资历深)/小(资历浅) be senior/ junior to …
比…早/晚 be prior/ posterior to …
🎈以…的形式 in the shape / form of …

 
To such motives, yet another must be added. 
除上以动机外,还应加上一个。
🎈To such motives(其实是be added to…结构)提前,也是为了更好地承上启下。
🎈再/又一个 yet / still another / one more…
再提一个问题yet one more question
再举一个例子still another example
例句
To such motives, yet another must be added.
必须再补充一个动机。

 
The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails. 
当前崇拜汽车现象可以用与所有权相伴的独立和自由意识来解释。
🎈be to do (fml.) 的四种用法
1、打算,想要
例句
I’m to see her tomorrow.
2、命令
例句
You’re to be back by 10 o’clock.
3、能够
例句
How am I to pay such a debt?
我怎么能还起这么大一笔债?
4、应该
例句
Such men are to be pitied(同情) rather than despised(鄙视).
🎈尤其是,特别是not least: (fml.)= especially, in particular 
🎈独立感/自由感/方向感/幽默感/正义感/自豪感/荣誉感/成就感/责任感/优越感/自卑感 the sense of independence / freedom / direction / humor / justice / pride / honor / accomplishment / responsibility / superiority / inferiority

 
To this pleasure camping gives an exquisite refinement.
因此开车去露营会给这种快乐意识增加一种优雅意境。
🎈To this pleasure提前,同样是为了承上启下。
🎈exquisite adj. 高雅的very sensitive and delicate in the way you behave or do things 
例句
She has exquisite taste in art. 
她有着高雅的艺术品味。
refinement n. [U] 高雅,文雅,优雅culture or elegance of manners, taste, language, etc. 
一个非常优雅的人 a person of great refinement

 
From one’s own front door to home or foreign hills or sands and back again, everything is to hand.
从自己的家门出发到国内国外的山区或沙滩上露营然后返回,一切都很便利。
🎈home adj. 国内的in one’s own country, domestic 
国内市场the home market 
国内新闻home news 
🎈sand n. [U and C] 沙滩an area of beach 
绵延数英里的金色沙滩miles of golden sands
🎈近在咫尺,近在手边 to hand [(Br.E.)英义 sth. that is to hand is close to you, so that you can reach it easily]
 

Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday paradise entirely within one’s own command and keeping, but the means of escape from holiday hell (if the beach proves too crowded, the local weather too inclement) are there, outside-or, as likely, part of-the tent.
完全在自己掌握之中的私人汽车不仅是到达假日天堂的工具,而且也是逃离假日地狱(如海滩太挤,当地天气恶劣)的方便工具,因为汽车就停在帐篷外面,或者汽车本身可能就是露营帐篷的一个组成部分。
🎈command n. [U, sing] 使用或控制某事物的能力,掌握ability to use or control sth., mastery 
例句
He has (a) good command of the French language. 
他精通法语。
He has enormous funds at his command. 
他掌握着巨额资金。
🎈keeping n. 保管,保存
例句
I’ll leave the keys in your keeping. 
我把钥匙交你保管。
🎈 inclement adj. (fml.) 严寒的,狂风暴雨的,恶劣的inclement weather is unpleasantly cold, wet etc 
恶劣的天气inclement weather 
clement adj. (fml.) (尤指天气)温和的(esp. of weather) mild 
温和的天气clement weather
🎈很可能as likely = as likely as not: very probably 
例句
As likely as not, the meeting will take place in the village pub.
这场会议很可能在村子里的小酒馆举行。

 
Idealists have objected to the practice of camping, as to the package tour, that the traveller abroad thereby denies himself the opportunity of getting to know the people of the country visited.
理想主义者像反对旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游一样反对露营的作法,说这种封闭的作法使到国外旅游者失去了了解所去国家人民的机会。
🎈as to the package tour是方式状从,相当于as (idealists have objected) to the package tour。
🎈反对(做)某事object to (doing) sth. 
反对… object that …
反对…因为…object to (doing) sth. that …
例句
Robson strongly objected to the terms of the contract. Robson
强烈反对合同的条款。
🎈package tour n. 由旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游
a vacation arranged by a travel company for a fixed price that includes the cost of your hotel and transportation, and sometimes meals and entertainment
 
🎈thereby adv. (fml.) 藉以,从而,由此with the result that sth. else happens 
例句
He became a citizen(公民) in 1978, thereby gaining the right to vote(获得投票权).
🎈不让自己拥有… deny oneself sth.
例句
He denied himself all pleasures and luxuries(奢侈品).
🎈慢慢认识/了解… get to like / know / understand sb / sth
例句
It’ll take a while for you to get to know everyone. 
你得花点儿时间才能逐渐了解每个人。
 

Insularity and self-containment, it is argued, go hand in hand. 
他们争论说,心胸狭窄和自我封闭是并存的。
🎈把it is argued处理成插入语是为了突出重点。it is argued that insularity and self-containment go hand in hand.的重点就放在了it is argued上。
🎈self-contained adj. ( 指人)不需与他人来往的,拘谨的(of a person) not needing the company of others, reserved 
self-containment n. 不与他人来往,拘谨
🎈携手;紧密联系 go hand in hand
例句
Wealth and power go hand in hand in most societies. 
在大多数的社会里,财富和权力是紧密相连的。

 
The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place.
但这种说法在受人欢迎的欧洲露营地是站不住脚的。
🎈survive v.经历…幸存continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed by sth.
在地震中幸存下来survive an earthquake
例句
The plants may not survive severe winters.
这些植物可能活不过严冬。

 
Holiday hotels tend to cater for one nationality of visitors especially, sometimes exclusively.
假日旅馆有只接待来自一个国家的旅游者的倾向,有时会达到排他的程度。
🎈满足,迎合(Br.E.) cater for sb./sth. = (Am.E.) cater to sb./sth.
例句
The class caters for all ability ranges.
这个课程满足拥有不同能力的人。
🎈exclusively adv. 独享地,排他地used for emphasizing that sth. is available to or limited to one specific thing or group 
针对女性的俱乐部a club exclusively for women

 
Camping sites, by contrast, are highly cosmopolitan. 
而露营驻地则相反,是高度世界性的。
🎈metropolitan a.大城市的,大都会的→n. metropolis
cosmopolitan a.国际性大都会的→n. cosmopolis

 
Granted, a preponderance of Germans is a characteristic that seems common to most Mediterranean sites; but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized patronage.
确实如此,在大多数地中海露营地里,德国人占多数似乎是个普遍现象,但并未达到压倒性的地步。
🎈(在…群体中)占多数a preponderance of sb./sth.
例句
There is a preponderance of female students in the music department. 
音乐系的女学生更多。
🎈到现在为止(常用于否定句) as yet 
例句
As yet little is known of the causes of the disease. 
到现在为止,这种疾病的病因仍然未知。
🎈specialized adj. 专门的trained, designed, or developed for a particular purpose, type of work, place etc. 
对某种具体工作的专门训练specialized training for specific jobs
专门生长在荒漠地区的植物the highly specialized plants that live in desert areas
🎈patronage n. customer’s support for a shop, restaurant, etc. 光临,惠顾
例句
We thank you for your patronage. 
感谢您的惠顾。

 
Notices forbidding the open-air drying of clothes, or the use of water points for car washing, or those inviting “our camping friends” to a dance or a boat trip are printed not only in French or Italian or Spanish, but also in English, German and Dutch.
禁止露天晒衣服、禁止用水龙头冲洗汽车的布告,和邀请露营朋友参加舞会、乘船观光的招贴不仅印成法语、意大利语、西班牙语,而且也印成英语、德语、荷兰语。
🎈供水点,饮水点water point 
🎈dance n. [C] 舞会social gathering at which people dance 
在乡村办事大厅里举行舞会to hold a dance in the village hall
 

At meal times the odour of sauerkraut vies with that of garlic. The Frenchman’s breakfast coffee competes with the Englishman’s bacon and eggs.
用饭的时候,德国泡菜味和大蒜味争相散发,法国人的早点咖啡和英国人的咸肉煎蛋竞相比美。
🎈odour (US odor) n. (pleasant or unpleasant) smell (香的或臭的)气味
现冲咖啡的令人垂涎欲滴的香味the delicious odor of freshly-made coffee
过熟奶酪的臭味the unpleasant odor of over-ripe cheese
🎈vie v. 竞争to compete with other people to achieve or obtain sth. 
为…竞争 vie for…
和…竞争vie with…

 
Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say. Municipalities naturally want to secure the campers’ site fees and other custom. Police are wary of itinerants who cannot be traced to a recognized camp boundary or to four walls.
有组织的露营活动的明显发展是否意味着较独立的自我封闭式露营的最终消失,还很难说。市政当局当然希望获得露营者的场地费和其他的顾客,警察则对那些查不出有固定营地或住处的游荡者保持警惕。
🎈Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind是主语从句。
🎈municipality n. 自治市;市政当局a town, city or district with its own local government; the group of officials who govern it
🎈secure v. 得到某事物(有时有困难)
obtain sth., sometimes with difficulty 
例句
We’ll need to secure a bank loan.
我们需要搞到一笔银行贷款。
🎈custom n. [U] 经常向某商人、商店等购物,惠顾
regular purchases from a tradesman, shop, etc. 
例句
We would like to have your custom. 
我们欢迎您经常惠顾。
We’ve lost a lot of custom since our prices went up. 
自从提价以后, 我们失去了许多顾客的生意。
🎈wary adj. (对可能发生的危险或困难)留意的,小心的,警惕的
looking out for possible danger or difficulty; cautious 
密切注意某人keep a wary eye on sb. 
唯恐冒犯他人be wary of giving offence 
例句
She was wary of strangers. 
她很警惕陌生人。
🎈追踪…trace sb./sth. to sth.
例句
We finally traced him to an address in Chicago.
我们在芝加哥发现了他的踪迹。
🎈私人住处four walls (spoken)
英义 
the room that you are in, esp. considered as a private place 

 
But most probably it will all depend upon campers themselves: how many heath fires they cause; how much litter they leave; in short, whether or not they wholly alienate landowners and those who live in the countryside.
但最重要的或许是露营者自己,即他们引起了多少场野火,留下了多少垃圾。总之,是他们是否弄得土地的主人和乡间的居民同他们反目。
🎈heath n. 荒地(尤指灌木丛生之处); 荒野area of flat uncultivated land, esp. one covered with shrubs; moorland 

 
Only good scouting is likely to preserve the freedoms so dear to the heart of the eternal Boy Scout.
只有优良的童子军活动才能保持不朽的童子军所衷心热爱的各项自由。
🎈scouting n. [U] 童子军活动the activities that Scouts take part in 
【补充】Boy Scout n. 童子军a member of a worldwide organization of young men and boys, founded in England in 1908, for character development and citizenship training(1908年在英国成立的世界性的少男或男孩组织的一员,目的是进行性格发展和品德训练)
🎈 eternal adj. without beginning or end; lasting or existing for ever 永久的,永恒的,不朽的
上帝the Eternal God 
永生eternal life 
永恒的爱eternal love
 
🔥必背词汇
paradox       n. ①矛盾的人、事物或情况;②似非而是的话,看似矛盾而实际(或可能)正确的说法
例句
He was a paradox―a loner who loved to chat to strangers. 
他是一个矛盾的人——一个爱和陌生人聊天的独行者。
It is a paradox that professional comedians often have unhappy personal lives. 
一个很矛盾的情况是,职业喜剧演员的私生活常常不愉快。
‘More haste, less speed’ is a well-known paradox. 
“欲速则不达”是句有名的悖论。
paradoxical adj. 矛盾的;似非而是的
例句
It is paradoxical that if you drink a cup of hot tea it seems to cool you down.
【区分】specious adj. 似是而非的
seeming to be true or correct, but actually false
paradoxical是“似非而是”,此处是“似是而非”
一个似非而是的论证/观点a specious argument / claim
【词根】“dox” / “dogma” = opinion
paradox “para” = contrary to n. 矛盾的人、事物或情况;似非而是的话
paradoxical adj. 矛盾的;似非而是的
orthodox “ortho” = right adj. 正统的,传统的,被普遍接受的
dogma n. 教义,教理,教条,信条
dogmatic adj. 教条的,教义的;武断的,自以为是的
dogmatism n. 教条主义,武断
 
cynic      n. 愤世嫉俗者person who believes that people do not do things for good, sincere or noble reasons, but only for their own advantage
cynical adj.愤世嫉俗的
cynicism n. [U] 愤世嫉俗cynical attitude 
对人的本性的愤世嫉俗的观点a cynical view of human nature
对…持愤世嫉俗的观点cynical about
例句
The public is cynical about election promises(选举承诺).
 
affluent      adj. 富有的,富裕的
affluence n. [U] (fml.) 富有,富裕
富裕的家庭affluent families
富裕的西方国家affluent Western countries
【近义词】富有的
rich/wealthy/affluent/prosperous/well-off/well-to-do/privileged
【反义词】贫穷的
poor/needy/penniless/deprived/destitute/underprivileged/disadvantaged/poverty-stricken
 
snobbery       n. 势利;自命不凡
在智力上自命不凡intellectual snobbery
snob n. 
① 势利小人(disapproving) a person who admires people in the higher social classes too much and has no respect for people in the lower social classes 
瞧不起是工人阶级的女婿的势力的人snobs who despised their working-class son-in-law
②自命不凡的人person who feels he has superior tastes, knowledge, etc. 
一群在智力上自命不凡/自以为很聪明的人 
a bunch of intellectual snobs
snobbish adj. 势力的;自命不凡的
例句
I’d expected her to be snobbish but she was warm and friendly. 我原以为她很势力,其实她既热情又友好。
 
entail       v. 需要;带来
例句
That will entail an early start tomorrow morning.
这需要明天早起。
All mergers entail some job losses. 
所有合并都减少了一些岗位。
需要某人… entail sb. doing
例句
I’ll never accept parole because that entails me accepting guilt. 
我不会接受假释的,因为那需要我认罪。
【近义词】需要…need / require / demand
call for
necessitate sth.
it takes sth. to do sth.
例句
A prolonged drought necessitated the introduction of water rationing. 
长期干旱需要实现水的定量供应。
It takes stamina to be a long-distance runner.
一个长跑运动员需要有耐力。
 
insularity        n. ①岛国性质或状态;②偏狭
例句
Insularity and self-containment, it is argued, go hand in hand.自闭和偏狭据称通常是紧密联系在一起的。
insular adj. ① 岛的,岛上的;②偏狭的
岛屿气候/岛上的生活方式an insular climate / way of life
偏狭的习惯和偏见insular habits and prejudices
【词根】“insul” / “isl” / “isol” = island
insular adj. 岛的,岛上的;偏狭的
insularity n. 岛国性质或状态;偏狭
insulate v. 使隔绝,使绝缘
insulation n. 隔绝,绝缘
insulator n. 绝缘体
peninsula “pen” = almost n. 半岛
island n. 岛
isle n. 岛
islet “et” = little n. 小岛
isolate v. 使孤立,使隔离
isolation n. 孤立,隔离
 
cosmopolitan       adj. 世界性的,国际性的,有各国人的
一个国际性城市/俱乐部a cosmopolitan city / club
联合国大会上的各国聚会the cosmopolitan gatherings at the United Nations Assembly
cosmopolis n.国际性大都市large city inhabited by people from many different countries
metropolitan adj. 大城市的,大都会的relating or belonging to a very large city 
metropolis n. 大城市,大都会
【词根】“polis” / “polit” = city
cosmopolis “cosmo” = world n. 国际性大都市
cosmopolitan adj. 世界性的,国际性的,有各国人的
metropolis “metro” = mother n. 大城市,大都会
metropolitan adj. 大城市的,大都会的
acropolis “acro” = high n.(古希腊城市的)卫城(多位于山丘之上)
megalopolis “megalo” = great n. 大都会区,城市集群
megalopolitan adj. 大都会区的,城市集群的
necropolis “necro” = death n. 大型墓地
 
itinerant      n. 巡回者,四处游荡者 adj. 巡回的,流动的,四处游荡的
流动工人/流浪的音乐家(吟游诗人)itinerant workers / musicians
过着四处游荡的生活to lead an itinerant life
itinerary n.行程,旅行计划a plan or list of the places you will visit on a journey
例句
Visits to four different countries are included in your itinerary. 
你的行程包括访问四个不同的国家。
【词根】“it” = to go
itinerant n. 巡回者,四处游荡者;adj. 巡回的,流动的,四处游荡的
itinerary n. 行程,旅行计划
initial “in” = into adj. 最初的;n. 姓名首字母;v. 签姓名首字母
initiate v. 发起,创始;接纳……为新成员
initiation n. 发起,创始;入会
initiator n. 发起人,创始者
initiative n. 积极性,主动性;主动权
circuit “circu” = round n. 环行线,周线;电路
circuitous adj. 迂回的,曲折的
transit “trans” = across n. 运输
transition n. 过渡
transitional adj. 过渡性的
 
alienate     v. 使不友好,使疏远,使反目to do sth. that makes sb. unfriendly or unwilling to support you
例句
The latest tax proposals will alienate many voters. 
最新的税务政策引起了许多选民的反感。
The government cannot afford to alienate either group. 
政府无法盛承担疏远任何一方的后果。
alienated adj.疏远的,疏离的
与…疏远/疏离 alienated from …
例句
Gina had become increasingly alienated from her family.
吉娜慢慢地和家庭疏远了。
alienation n. [U] 疏远,疏离
对…的疏离 alienation from …
例句
Unemployment may provoke a sense of alienation from society. 
失业可能会激发对社会的疏离感。
【词根】“ali” = other
alias n. 别名,化名,假名
alibi “bi” = place n. 某人不在犯罪现场的申辩或证明
alien n. 外国人,外星人;adj. 外国的,外星的,陌生的,格格不入的
alienate v. 使不友好,使疏远,使反目
alienated adj. 疏远的,疏离的
alienation n. 疏远,疏离
alienable adj. 可转让的,可让渡的
unalienable “un” = not adj. 不可剥夺的
 
🔥重点表达
一个似非而是的论证/观点a specious argument / claim
对人的本性的愤世嫉俗的观点a cynical view of human nature
对…持愤世嫉俗的观点cynical about
富裕的家庭affluent families
在智力上自命不凡intellectual snobbery
需要某人… entail sb. doing
岛屿气候/岛上的生活方式an insular climate / way of life
偏狭的习惯和偏见insular habits and prejudices
流动工人/流浪的音乐家(吟游诗人)itinerant workers / musicians
过着四处游荡的生活to lead an itinerant life
与…疏远/疏离 alienated from …
对…的疏离 alienation from …
厉行节约practice economy 
谋杀的动机the motive for the murder
此次炸弹袭击的动机the motive behind the bombing
…的花费/支出 outlay on / upon …= expense / cost of …
与…相反 contrary to …
与预期相反contrary to expectations
价值数千英镑的钻石thousands of pounds worth of diamonds
根本不是…,远非… far from… 
海洋里数不胜数的鱼the myriad fish in the ocean
面对面站着stand face to face
背靠背坐着sit back to back
跳贴面舞dance cheek to cheek
度假get away/ have a holiday
过一个彻底放松的假期get away from it all/have a thoroughly relaxing holiday
实习教师、实习护士a student teacher / nurse 
想(要)做某事care for sth. / to do sth. (fml.) = want sth. / to do sth.
把…基于…上  base … on / upon …
不是…而是… not … but …
不是因为…, 而是因为… not that … but that …或It is / was not that … but (that) …
避免奢华/避免诱惑/避免引起公众关注 shun luxury / temptation / publicity
配有现代舒适设施的酒店hotels with all the modern comforts
释放 ,解脱release … from …
的确…但是…It is true that / Admittedly, / Granted,/ …, +  but that is not to say that … / it does not follow that …/ it does not necessarily mean that … / there is no…
比…更高级/低级 be superior/ inferior to …
比…年纪大(资历深)/小(资历浅) be senior/ junior to …
比…早/晚 be prior/ posterior to …
以…的形式 in the shape / form of …
再/又一个 yet / still another / one more…
一个非常优雅的人 a person of great refinement
国内市场the home market 
国内新闻home news 
近在咫尺,近在手边 to hand
绵延数英里的金色沙滩miles of golden sands
恶劣的天气inclement weather 
温和的天气clement weather
很可能as likely = as likely as not: very probably 
反对(做)某事object to (doing) sth. 
反对… object that …
反对…因为…object to (doing) sth. that …
不让自己拥有… deny oneself sth.
慢慢认识/了解… get to like / know / understand sb / sth
携手;紧密联系 go hand in hand
在地震中幸存下来survive an earthquake
满足,迎合(Br.E.) cater for sb./sth. = (Am.E.) cater to sb./sth.
(在…群体中)占多数a preponderance of sb./sth.
对某种具体工作的专门训练specialized training for specific jobs
专门生长在荒漠地区的植物the highly specialized plants that live in desert areas
到现在为止(常用于否定句) as yet 
供水点,饮水点water point 
在乡村办事大厅里举行舞会to hold a dance in the village hall
现冲咖啡的令人垂涎欲滴的香味the delicious odor of freshly-made coffee
过熟奶酪的臭味the unpleasant odor of over-ripe cheese
为…竞争 vie for…
和…竞争vie with…
密切注意某人keep a wary eye on sb. 
唯恐冒犯他人be wary of giving offence 
私人住处four walls
上帝the Eternal God 
永生eternal life 
永恒的爱eternal love
童子军Boy Scout
 
🔥复盘测试
一个似非而是的论证/观点
对人的本性的愤世嫉俗的观点
对…持愤世嫉俗的观点
富裕的家庭
在智力上自命不凡
需要某人… 
岛屿气候/岛上的生活方式
偏狭的习惯和偏见
流动工人/流浪的音乐家(吟游诗人)
过着四处游荡的生活
与…疏远/疏离
对…的疏离 
厉行节约
谋杀的动机
此次炸弹袭击的动机
…的花费/支出 
与…相反 
与预期相反
价值数千英镑的钻石
根本不是…,远非… 
海洋里数不胜数的鱼
面对面站着
背靠背坐着
跳贴面舞
度假
过一个彻底放松的假期
实习教师、实习护士
想(要)做某事
把…基于…上  
不是…而是…
不是因为…, 而是因为… 
避免奢华/避免诱惑/避免引起公众关注 
配有现代舒适设施的酒店
释放 ,解脱
的确…但是…
比…更高级/低级 
比…年纪大(资历深)/小(资历浅) 
比…早/晚
以…的形式
再/又一个 
一个非常优雅的人
国内市场
国内新闻
近在咫尺,近在手边
绵延数英里的金色沙滩
恶劣的天气
温和的天气
很可能
反对(做)某事
反对… 
反对…因为…
不让自己拥有… 
慢慢认识/了解… 
携手;紧密联系
在地震中幸存下来
满足,迎合
(在…群体中)占多数
对某种具体工作的专门训练
专门生长在荒漠地区的植物
到现在为止(常用于否定句)
供水点,饮水点
在乡村办事大厅里举行舞会
现冲咖啡的令人垂涎欲滴的香味
过熟奶酪的臭味
为…竞争 
和…竞争
密切注意某人
唯恐冒犯他人
私人住处
上帝
永生
永恒的爱
童子军

未经允许不得转载:帕布莉卡 » 《The great escape 大逃亡》 -新概念英语第四册 学习笔记

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