《Patients and doctors 病人与医生》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析

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Patients and doctors

病人与医生

This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in many of the things in which our forefathers fervently believed has weakened, our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same as theirs.

这是一个怀疑一切的时代，可是虽然我们对我们祖先笃信的许多事物已不太相信，我们对瓶装药品疗效的信心仍与祖辈一样坚定。

🎈but前后是两个并列句。although our faith in …has weakened是让步状从， in many of the things in which our forefathers fervently believed作faith的后置定语，其中定从in which our forefathers fervently believed修饰the things。

🎈这是一个…的时代/年代。This is a… age.

例句

This is a critical age.

这是一个批判性的时代。

That was a traumatic age.

这是一个给人留下创伤的时代。

🎈过于相信… put/place too much faith in…

对…绝对相信 have implicit faith in…

【表达替换】相信…

1 trust in …

例句

Despite her many misfortunes, her trust in God was never shaken.尽管遭受了很多不幸，她对上帝的信仰仍不动摇。

2 belief in …

例句

The failure won’t shake his belief in himself.

失败不会动摇他对自己的信念。

3 confidence in …

例句

Opinion polls show that the voters have lost confidence in the administration.

民意测验显示投票者已经对政府失去了信心。

4 reliance on …

例句

You place too much reliance on his expertise.

你过于相信他的技术了。

🎈in which our forefathers fervently believed

如果关系代词作介词的宾语，要把介词放在关系代词前。

🎈减少，减弱

1 abate/ ebb/subside/wane

2 damp/dampen

打击某人情绪/降低某人热情damp / dampen one’s spirits / enthusiasm

🎈property n. 特征，属性quality or feature

This modern faith in medicines is proved by the fact that the annual drug bill of the Health Services is mounting to astronomical figures, and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise.

卫生部门的年度药费上升到了天文数字，并且目前尚无停止上升的迹象，这个事实证实了现代人对药物的依赖。

🎈that the annual drug bill of…to rise是the fact的同位语从句。no signs at present of…中at present状语前置，旨在避免句子头重脚轻（本文中还有很多这样的前置，多加注意）。

🎈annual a.一年一度的

年收入/年会/年轮annual income / meeting / ring

biannual a.一年两次的

biennial a.两年一次的

triennial a.三年一次的

centennial a.百年一次的 n.一百周年纪念

millennial a.千年的

perennial a.永远的

永远快乐/青春永驻perennial happiness / youth

🎈service n.政府部门

政府的行政部门the Civil Service

外交部门the Diplomatic Service

国民保健部门the National Health Service

🎈mount v. 上升go up，ascend

例句

He mounted the steps to receive his award.

他登上台阶领奖。

上升到

mount to …/come to … / rise to … / increase to … / reach …

例句

The death toll mounted to 100.

死亡人数上升到了100人。

总数达

amount to … / add up to …

例句

His monthly earnings amount to / add up to about $4,000.

他每月的工资总数有约4000美元。

🎈…的迹象 signs of … / indication of …

此时signs常用复数，indication是不可数名词

例句

I couldn’t see any signs of improvement.

我看不到任何好转的迹象。

The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.

在医院门诊部看病的大多数人觉得没有得到充分的治疗，如果不能带回一些看得见、摸得着的药物，如一瓶药水，一盒药丸、一小瓶药膏回家的话，就算没得到充分的治疗。负责门诊的医生也非常乐意为前来看病的人提供他们想要得到的药物。

🎈attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals是the patients的后置定语。that they have …or a small jar of ointment是宾语从句，其中in the shape of…or a small jar of ointment是remedy的后置定语，carry home with them some tangible remedy中home（adv.）和with them属于状语前置。and the doctor…中的and引出并列句。

🎈出席会议attend the meeting

上大学attend college

去教堂做礼拜/去医院看病attend church /hospital [hospital等词前无定冠词the时，强调功能性]

🎈门诊病人outpatient

门诊部the outpatient department (OPD)

住院病人inpatient

住院部the inpatient department (IPD)

急诊科/室emergency room (ER)

🎈受到…，得到…，遭到…receive + noun

得到表扬/遭到谩骂/遭受侮辱receive praise / abuse / insults

受到热烈欢迎receive a warm welcome

得到充分治疗receive adequate treatment

受到良好教育receive good education

受重伤receive a serious injury

得到广泛关注receive a great deal of attention

🎈以…形式in the shape / form of …

例句

Help came in the shape of a $10,000 loan from his parents.

他的父母以1万美元贷款的形式提供了帮助。

We haven’t received proposals from him in any shape / form.

我们没有收到任何形式的建议。

🎈too … to …意为“太…而不能…”

例句

He was too excited to say a word.

但要注意，在too与下列类似的单词搭配时：

glad/pleased

ready/willing

easy/apt

eager/anxious

这个表达含义就发生了改变，将too理解成very即可。

例句

Beginners are too apt to make mistakes.

新手很容易犯错误。

此外， (only / all / but) too … to …也很常见，其中only / all / but只为加强语气，无需译出。

例句

I’m only too pleased to help you.

能帮助你我非常开心。

（太）…也不过分 cannot / never … too …

例句

A man can never have too many ties.

一个男人有再多领带也不过分。

There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted them.

病人要什么就给什么，没有比这样处理病人更快的方法了。因为卫生部门的大多数医生 超负荷工作，很少有时间提出一些既费时而又不受人欢迎的忠告，如注意饮食、生活有规律，需要克服坏习惯等等，结果就是把瓶药、盒药、罐药开给看病的人而完事大吉。

🎈of disposing of patients是method的后置定语。than by giving them …相当于than the method of disposing of patients by giving them …,省略了相同的成分。what they are asking for是宾语从句。since … bad habits etc.整个都是原因状从，其中and引导并列句，on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits etc.作advice的后置定语。

🎈…的方法 method of doing sth.

🎈1打发走（讨厌的人）

2消灭，杀死get rid of … = dispose of …

例句

It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

我花了半个多小时才把他打发走。

I used weedkiller to get rid of the weeds in the garden.

我用除草剂除去花园里的杂草。

🎈医务人员medical staff/men

一个医学生a medical student

医疗费medical expenses

医德，医风medical ethics

🎈overworked 过度工作的

overloaded 过载的

overcrowded 过分拥挤的

overestimated 被高估的

🎈time-consuming耗时的

energy-consuming费力的

water-consuming费水的

space-consuming占地方的

Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.

绝不只是那些无知和没受过良好教育的人才迷信药瓶子。

🎈ill-educated a.未受过良好教育的

ill-bred a.没教养的

ill-advised a.不明智的

🎈nor的常见用法是和否定句连用，nor引出并列的否定句，此时意为“也不…”

例句

Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.

但nor前若无否定句，或单独使用时，要译为“绝不”，nor起到的是加强语气的作用。

例句

Haier is China’s leading electric appliances manufacturer; nor is this an accident.

海尔公司是中国首屈一指的家电制造商，这绝非偶然。

It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle’s.

据说托马斯•卡莱尔有过这么一件事：他听说朋友亨利·泰勒病了，就立刻跑去看他，衣袋里装上了他妻子不舒服时吃剩下的一瓶药。

🎈It（形式主语）is…that…(主语从句)。when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor是主从中的时间状从。伴随状语carrying with him in his pocket what remained of …中涉及为保持句式平衡的宾语（what remained of）后置，formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle’s则是medicine的后置定语。

🎈文章举Thomas Carlyle（British historian and essayist whose major works include ‘The French Revolution’.此人很明显是个知识分子）的例子是为了说明受过良好教育的人也迷信药瓶子。

🎈据说某人（曾）… it is recounted / related of sb. that …

据传说… legend has it that …

据谣传…rumor has it that …

据说word has it that …

🎈动身出发go off / out

set off / out

start off / out

🎈剩下的… … what remained of …=… what was left of …

Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry Taylor’s house.

卡莱尔不知道药瓶子里装的是什么药，当然也不知道他的朋友得的是什么病，也不知道他妻子以 前得的是什么病，只知道一种药对一种病有好处，肯定对另一种病也会有好处。想到能对朋友有所帮助，他感到很欣慰，于是急急忙忙来到了亨利·泰勒的家里。

🎈简化一下（//表示断句的地方）：Carlyle was ignorant of…, of…, and of…(几个of结构的并列)// but a medicine would surely be of equal benefit in another,// and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend (原因状语), he…

几个of：并列句中重复的主谓部分可省略，但如果谓语部分以介词结尾，省略时需保留介词

🎈不知道… be ignorant of / about …

含有感情色彩，强调应该知道却不知道

🎈work v. 有某种效果 to have a particular effect or result

例句

The strategy seems to be working.

这个策略似乎有用。

🎈同等重要 be of equal benefit = be equally beneficial

前者更为正式

History does not relate whether his friend accepted his medical help, but in all probability he did.

他的朋友是否接受了他的药物治疗，历史没有记载，但很可能是接受了。

🎈in all+ n =very+（对应的）adv.

很可能in all probability = very probably

很可能in all likelihood = very likely

非常诚实地in all honesty = very honestly

非常坦诚地in all frankness = very frankly

非常严肃地in all seriousness = very seriously

非常真诚地in all sincerity = very sincerely

十分迫切地in all eagerness = very eagerly

The great advantage of taking medicine is that it makes no demands on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting taste, and that is what all patients demand of their doctors—to be cured at no inconvenience to themselves.

服药的最大优点是：除了暂时忍受一下令人作呕的味道外，对服药人别无其他要求。这也正是病人对他们的医生的要求——病要治好，但不要太麻烦。

🎈what all patients demand of their doctors是表语从句，破折号后的成分是表从的同位语。

🎈除了…对某人没有别的要求了make no demands on sb. beyond that of doing sth.

对某人要求…demand sth. of sb.

例句

I make no demands on you beyond that of studying hard.

除了好好学习之外，我对你没有别的要求了。

He demands little of others but a lot of himself.

他对别人要求甚少，对自己要求却很多。

🔥必背词汇

fervently      ad. 热情地

fervent a.热情的

一个热情的支持者/追求者a fervent supporter / admirer

fervour / fervor n.热情

宗教/民族主义/革命热情religious / nationalistic / revolutionary fervor

对…的热情 fervor for …

打击某人热情damp / dampen one’s fervor

【近义词】a.热情的→ n.热情

fervent→ fervor / fervour

passionate → passion

enthusiastic → enthusiasm

zealous → zeal

ardent → ardor / ardour

curative     adj. 治疗的，有疗效的

疗效curative effects

草药的治病属性the curative properties of herbs

治愈…的药物/疗法cure for …

【表达替换】…的解决方法

1 cure for …

例句

AIDS is incurable.=There is no cure for AIDS.

艾滋病是不治之症。

It is the only possible cure for our chronic trade deficit.

这是长期贸易赤字的唯一可能的解决方法。

2 remedy for …

治疗感冒的疗法a good remedy for a cold

例句

The best remedy for grief is hard work.

悲伤的最好治愈方法是努力工作。

3 panacea for … [万灵药]

例句

Western aid will not be a panacea for the country’s economic ills.

西方援助不是解决国家经济弊病的万灵丹。

4 antidote to …[ 解毒药]

例句

There is no antidote to a bite from this snake.

这种蛇的咬伤没有解药。

5 …的解决方法answer / solution to …

注意区分：…的解决resolution of …（指状态）

问题/商业争端的解决the resolution of a problem / commercial disputes

astronomical     adj. 天文学的；极大的

天文数字astronomical figures

天价/狮子大开口an astronomical rent / price / fee

astronomy n.天文学

【词根】

1 astr / aster=star

astrology 占星术

astronautics 航天学

astronaut 宇航员

disaster 灾难

asterisk 星号

asteroid小行星

2 stell = star

stellar a.星星的

stellar light

stellar bodies

interstellar a.星际的

星际旅行interstellar travel

星际通讯interstellar communications

constellation n.星座

许多… a constellation of

一群杰出的人a constellation of artists and writers

tangible     adj. 可以触摸到的；真实而具体的

确凿的证据/实实在在的好处/有形资产tangible evidence / benefits / assets

intangible adj.摸不到的；虚无缥缈的

无形资产intangible assets

看得见的，视野范围之内的visible / in sight

看不见的，视野范围之外的invisible / out of sight

听得见的，听力范围之内的audible / within earshot

听不见的，听力范围之外的inaudible / out of earshot

prescribe      v. 开药方

给某人开处方prescribe sb. sth.

例句

The doctor prescribed him a course of antibiotics.

医生给他开了一个疗程的抗生素。

给…开… prescribe sth. for sth.

例句

This drug is commonly prescribed for arthritis.

这种药常用来治疗关节炎。

…的处方/药方prescription for …

【词根】scribe=write

prescribe v.开处方

proscribe v.禁止

describe v.描述

inscribe v.刻字

ascribe v.归因于，归功于

circumscribe v.限制

subscribe v.订阅，订购；认捐；赞同，同意

transcribe v.抄写

inconvenience       n. 不便，不方便

convenience n.方便

在某人方便时at one’s convenience

例句

We can meet to discuss this further at your convenience.

我们可以在您方便的时候开会进一步讨论这个问题。

尽快，尽早at one’s earliest convenience

例句

Please call me back at your earliest convenience.

请您尽快给我回个电话。

inconvenient a.不方便的

convenient a.方便的

例句

如果您方便的话，请在明天中午之前给我打个电话。

If you are convenient, call me tomorrow before noon.×

If it’s convenient for you, call me tomorrow before noon. √[注意不能说sb is convenient]

🔥重点表达

一个热情的支持者/追求者a fervent supporter / admirer

宗教/民族主义/革命热情religious / nationalistic / revolutionary fervor

对…的热情 fervor for …

打击某人热情damp / dampen one’s fervor

疗效curative effects

治愈…的药物/疗法cure for …

天文数字astronomical figures

星际旅行interstellar travel

星际通讯interstellar communications

许多… a constellation of

确凿的证据/实实在在的好处/有形资产tangible evidence / benefits / assets

给某人开处方prescribe sb. sth.

给…开… prescribe sth. for sth.

…的处方/药方prescription for …

在某人方便时at one’s convenience

尽快，尽早at one’s earliest convenience

这是一个…的时代/年代。This is a… age.

过于相信… put/place too much faith in…

对…绝对相信 have implicit faith in…

打击某人情绪/降低某人热情damp / dampen one’s spirits / enthusiasm

年收入/年会/年轮annual income / meeting / ring

永远快乐/青春永驻perennial happiness / youth

上升到mount to …/come to … / rise to … / increase to … / reach …

总数达amount to … / add up to …

…的迹象 signs of … / indication of …

出席会议attend the meeting

门诊病人 outpatient

门诊部the outpatient department (OPD)

住院病人inpatient

住院部the inpatient department (IPD)

急诊科/室emergency room (ER)

受到…，得到…，遭到…receive + noun

以…形式in the shape / form of …

医务人员medical staff/men

一个医学生a medical student

医疗费medical expenses

医德，医风medical ethics

据说某人（曾）… it is recounted / related of sb. that …

据传说… legend has it that …

据谣传…rumor has it that …

据说word has it that …

动身出发go off / out

不知道… be ignorant of / about …

同等重要 be of equal benefit = be equally beneficial

除了…对某人没有别的要求了make no demands on sb. beyond that of doing sth.

对某人要求…demand sth. of sb.

🔥复盘测试

一个热情的支持者/追求者

宗教/民族主义/革命热情

对…的热情

打击某人热情

疗效

治愈…的药物/疗法

天文数字

星际旅行

星际通讯

许多…

确凿的证据/实实在在的好处/有形资产

给某人开处方

给…开…

…的处方/药方

在某人方便时

尽快，尽早

这是一个…的时代/年代。

过于相信…

对…绝对相信

打击某人情绪/降低某人热情

年收入/年会/年轮

永远快乐/青春永驻

上升到

总数达

…的迹象

出席会议

门诊病人

门诊部

住院病人

住院部

急诊科/室

受到…，得到…，遭到…

以…形式

医务人员

一个医学生

医疗费

医德，医风

据说某人（曾）…

据传说…

据谣传…

据说

动身出发

不知道…

同等重要

除了…对某人没有别的要求了

对某人要求…

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 《Patients and doctors 病人与医生》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析