贾宝泉《撷自那片芳洲的清供》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析

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撷自那片芳洲的清供

An Offering from His Sweet Homeland

贾宝泉

Jia Baoquan

🔥提示：文中内容有对题目进行解释。

探家归来，他左手提着旅行包，右手擎着盛了大半清水、插了一束嫩绿柳枝的玻璃瓶，在街上缓缓地走着。这时，轻风拂面，凉雨漫洒，叫人忧伤……

Returning from a visit to his hometown, he walked slowly along the street in a chilly drizzling rain, a travelling bag in his left hand, and in his right hand a half-filled glass water bottle with a bunch of green tender willow twigs stuck in it. A light wind touching his face called for painful memories of the past…

🎈整个句子一眼看去可以逮到主体部分：他探家归来，在街上缓缓地走着。剩下的描述看作对主语的修饰成分，最容易想到的就是处理成with结构。参考译文所示的独立主格结构的处理方式也非常值得借鉴。“嫩绿柳枝”译作green tender willow twigs，未用tender/light修饰green颜色词，即归根究底，“嫩”在柳枝，颜色是外在表现。“凉雨漫洒”调整到译文开头的部分，先行描绘一幅“雨中街巷”之图，增强氛围感。“这时”未译，如果译出则更突兀，本来人、雨、街、风共同构成了一个完整的意境，让人觉得轻柔又忧伤，强加at this moment之类的表达，反而略显强硬，有失意境。以及，“叫人忧伤”译作了called for painful memories of the past，这是基于全文内容给出的译文，此情此景，令人想起伤心往事，引发愁绪。

当时，爸爸妈妈深翻土地去了，据说土地挖到五尺深，就能打下万斤粮。

Those were the days when Father and Mother went deep-ploughing in the fields. They were told that when the earth was ploughed five feet deep, the grain yield per mu would reach ten thousand jin.

🎈Those指上句中提到的painful memories。the days when…中when引导定语从句，先行词是days。went deep-ploughing in the fields这种go doing的结构想必大家都不陌生，从小学我们就开始背go swimming、go shopping等等。

🎈在家庭内或在关系比较要好的朋友之间谈及自己的mother 或father时（通常大写第一个字母）

例句

I really ought to phone Mother.

我真的该给母亲打个电话了。

🎈“据说……”译作了They were told that…而非It’s said that…，后者不能说错，但不如前者效果好。此处的“据说”指的是身旁人都七嘴八舌的议论，说的话一传十十传百，传到了其他人（包括“我”的“爸爸妈妈”）耳中，所以译作They were told that…或者They heard that…较为贴切。

🎈粮食产量the grain yield，请死死记住这个表达，如果（我是说如果哈）今年catti考试中出现了脱贫攻坚或者农业致富主题的材料，多半离不了“粮食”，到时候再不会写就有点过分了哈。

一尺深就是2,000斤啊！

Simply digging one foot down would amount to two thousand jin of grain!

🎈注意一点，这里不能简单地写成“一尺+be+2000斤”，哪有这么换算的，逻辑完全不对。参考译文的理解是：“挖一尺深”这个动作是因，“产2000斤粮”是果，如果觉得把“就是”译作“=”之类的含义有点绕，不如直接用if…结构表示。

为了这“一本万利”的大事业，他们经常是十多天才回一趟家。

Busy with such a “highly profitable” significant job, they could come back home only once in more than ten days.

🎈一本万利（出自清·姬文《市声》）：指本钱小，利润大。现译作highly profitable（获利极高的）

🎈之前有提过“事业”可译作cause一词，比如说“中华民族复兴”可以说是cause，但此处的“一本不利”并不适用。

这样，照料幼小的他的活务，就落在了14岁小姐姐嫩弱的肩上……

The task of taking care of him thus fell upon the limp shoulders of his 14-year-old sister.

🎈thus（于是、就这样）译出了逻辑关系，用therefore也是完全okkk的。

🎈fall on表示“（责任、命运等）落在 … 身上；由 … 负担”。

例句

The full cost of the wedding fell on us.

整个婚礼费用由我们负担了。

他肚子像着了火，热辣辣地难受，在炕上打滚哭闹:“我饿，我睡不着呀!”

His stomach was aching as if catching fire; he rolled back and forth on the kang crying out loud, “I am so hungry. I can’t sleep!”

🎈as if catching fire是 “as if + 与主句一致的主语+一般时（现在或过去）或进行时” 的省略。catch fire表示着火，例如：Yet this month he denied the trees can catch fire.（然而本月他否认这些树会着火）

🎈打滚rolled back and forth

躺在他身边的姐姐连忙坐起来，伸手将他托到自己腿上，小声地唱着：

小弟弟，好宝宝，

小弟第，快睡觉。

His sister who lay beside him sat up at once. Resting him on her legs, she sang to him softly:

Little Brother, good baby,

Little Brother, sleep well.

🎈Resting him on her legs中rest熟词僻义，此处作动词，指“放置、安置”，常用搭配是rest+ noun+ prep。

天大亮了。没有苇席的土炕上，空落落地躺着他一个人，他急得大哭大喊:“妈，姐姐——”

“小弟，我在这儿哩，快来呀!”

It was broad daylight when he woke up to find himself alone on the matless kang. He screamed with fear, “Mum! Sister—”

“Little Brother, I am here. Come over here quickly!”

🎈光天化日、大白天(in) broad daylight

例句

The robbery occurred in broad daylight, in a crowded street.

抢劫就发生在光天化日之下的一条熙熙攘攘的街道上。

🎈看到这句译文中的 to find，不知道大家有没有觉得熟悉感蹭蹭往上涨？复习一个相关联的小知识点：only to表示和本来意思相反的意思 only to do 的意思是“不料（却）……，结果（却）……”, 表示一个没有料到的结果。

🎈胡适《差不多先生传》

他从从容容地走到火车站，迟了两分钟，火车已经开走了。

But he arrived at the railway station unhurriedly only to find the train already gone, because he was two minutes late.

🎈茅盾《白杨礼赞》）然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排，——不，或者甚至只是三五株，一二株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何？

Now what will become of your weariness if you suddenly raise your eyes only to catch sight of distant row of trees (or just a couple of them) standing there proudly like sentries.

他循着姐姐的声音,赤脚光腱跑出屋门，

Following the voice of his sister, he ran out of the room, his feet and bottom all bare.

🎈his feet and bottom all bare是独立主格结构。又，bottom指屁股

例如

If there was one thing she could change about her body it would be her bottom.

如果能对自己的身体做一点改变，那她会选择臀部

只见院子中央的那棵大柳树下，支着一根顶门棍，姐姐正踮起脚跟站在木棍的顶端上，左手抓着一根树杈杈，右手向一簇挂满了柳芽的柳枝伸去。

It was under the big willow tree in the middle of the courtyard that he found his sister standing on her toes on the top end of a door-propping stick being leaned against the tree. Her left hand seized hold of a branch while her right hand was stretching for a cluster of twigs prospering with buds.

🎈It was under the big willow tree…that he found…是强调句。

🎈一个有趣的问题：是“踮起脚尖”还是“踮起脚跟”（stand on sb’s toes）？虽说“踮起脚尖”的说法提的更多，但“踮起脚尖”干嘛呢？应该是“踮起脚跟”才对。《汉语大词典简编》（世纪出版集团、汉语大词典出版社2004年12月第1版）“踮”字条解释为“提起脚跟，用脚尖着地行走。

由于个子矮，怎么也够不着。

But she was too small to reach them.

🎈太……而不能……too…to…

她忽然猛地向上一跃，扑向那柳枝。

Then she suddenly jumped up in an attempt to get at them.

🎈学习in an attempt这种衔接句子前后的方式，介词衔接法也很常用。

🎈get at有多重含义，此处取下列第一种。

1、触及，够得着，抓住

例句

A goat was standing up against a tree on its hind legs, trying to get at the leaves.

一只山羊后腿撑地，搭着树站立起来，试图去够叶子。

2、查明，弄清楚

例句

We want to get at the truth. Who killed him? And why?

我们想查明真相。是谁杀了他？为什么？

3、指责；数落；奚落

例句

They don’t like my moustache and my long hair, they get at me whenever they can.

他们不喜欢我的小胡子和长发，一有机会便数落我。

倏然间，就跌倒在地上了，手里却还紧紧攥着那簇柳枝。

Before he realized what had happened, she fell on the ground, but with a firm grip of those twigs in her hand.

🎈“倏然间”译作了“Before he realized what had happened(还没反应过来发生了什么)”，也从侧面反映了“猝不及防”

“姐——”，他连滚带爬地扑过去。

“Sister——” he threw himself upon her.

🎈何为《回忆一个历史镜头》

有一回，北海道的一户牧场主看见我们<伏地便拜>【理解成扑倒在地】。这是我亲眼目睹的事实。

Once, I saw with my own eyes how the owner of a livestock farm in Hokkaido threw himself on the ground before us to show his remorse for the Japanese invasion of China.

姐姐躺在地上，慢慢睁开了眼睛，朝他笑了。她的右眼角上方在滴血。

Slowly she opened her eyes and smiled at him, when he spotted a bleeding cut above her right eye-comer.

🎈spot换作notice/see都可。

他跑到墙根寻来极细极细的土末末，撒在姐姐的伤口上止住了血。

At the foot of the wall, he swiftly collected a pinch of very fine dust and sprinkled it on the cut. It stopped bleeding.

🎈一撮、少许 a pinch of

例句

Go to take something with a pinch of salt.

拿东西时候加一撮盐。

姐姐两手撑地坐起来，把柳枝上的嫩芽一个个小心摘下，放进一个盛着清水的瓦盆里，然后两只手就在盆里不停地揉捏，不一会儿，清凌凌的水就给染上了浓重的翡翠色。

Sister propped herself up with both hands. She carefully stripped all the buds off the willow twigs and put them in an earthen pot filled with clean water. Then she kept squashing and rubbing them between her fingers; soon the water was dyed a thick emerald green.

🎈支撑、维持 prop up…/prop…up

叶紫《长江轮上》

产妇勉强地<挣起半边身子>，流着眼泪，伸手战栗地接着钱钞……

The woman barely managed to prop herself up with tears in her eyes and reached out her tremulous hand for the money.

🎈stripped all the buds off the willow twigs中可以把strip A off B看作固定表达，其中of是介词，表示“从…移开；从…脱离”，是要比from多出一层“离开”的意味的。

姐姐又换了一盆清水，继续揉捏着，直到盆里的水不再变绿，才将柳芽捞出来，捏成一个拳头大小的团子，递到他的手里。

She replaced it with another pot of clean water and repeated her action until the water no longer changed its color. Scooping up the buds and kneading them into a ball no bigger than a fist, she handed it to him.

🎈复习几个“代替、替换”的表达：

1、Under certain circumstances, it is not only worthy of the saying, “Let the ear do duty for the eye,” it can even excel the eye.

在某种场合，它不但无愧于 “以耳（代）目”这句话，而且比眼睛做得更好。

2、The delicate operation to replace one cap with a more tight-fitting one could take up to a week.

用更加严密结合的盖帽（代替）原有盖帽的精密操作将需要一周的时间来完成。

3、Think of it as a combination of shapes and aim for symbolism rather than realism, and it’s not as hard as you’d think.

把它想成各种图形的结合，以象征性（代替）写实，不会像你想的那么困难。

4、The Soviet scientist made his experiments with a bad light, on wooden tables, using an old vacuum cleaner instead of a compressor.

他们的手术在一张木桌子上，借着糟糕的光线进行，用一台旧真空吸尘器（代替）压缩机。

5、He said it would not work as a substitute for basic hygiene and food safety measures.

他说这并不是一个可以（代替）保证基本卫生和食品安全的方法。

🎈a ball no bigger than a fist意同a ball (that’s no bigger than a fist)

“哈哈哈，好小弟，快吃呀!吃了肚子就不唱大戏了。”

“Aha, my good brother. Now eat it and your stomach will not make any noise again. ”

🎈Now eat it and your stomach will not make any noise again.：“祈使句，+ and + 陈述句”。在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（此时去掉and）。如：Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.→ If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.

🎈“肚子就不唱大戏”指“肚子就不咕噜咕噜叫了”，译作will not make any noise。again是增译成分，是当时“缺粮”大背景的体现，也和前文呼应。（补充：肚子咕咕叫the stomach +be growling/rumbling）

他一把夺过来就吃，淡淡的清苦味中，竟有一股甜丝丝的味道。

He grabbed it and gobbled it up. It even tasted somewhat sweet mingled with a slight bitterness.

🎈狼吞虎咽 gobble up

例句

The children gobbled up their food and rushed out to play.

“孩子们急急忙忙吞下食物,便跑出去玩了。”

🎈“淡淡的清苦味中，竟有一股甜丝丝的味道”强调的是“甜味”而不是“苦”，所以mingled with前后的成分并不能互换。

深挖土地的鏖战还在进行，姐姐就病了。

The deep-ploughing battle was still on when Sister fell ill.

🎈when连接两件同时发生的事情。

开始只说是脖子疼，后来脖子上暴起了又粗又红的筋，那破了的地方还流出黄粘的汁液。

Initially, she felt a pain on her neck; then reddish thick veins popped out along her neck, with ulcers oozing thick yellow mucus.

🎈积累下“青筋暴起”的表达veins pop out

例句

Little veins popping out of your temple.

太阳穴的青筋也爆出来了。

那天一早，一辆古老的独轮车推着姐姐和他走上了村头那条弯弯曲曲的蛋黄色小路，

That morning saw an ancient one-wheeled pushcart, with both his sister and him sitting on it, rolling along the yolk-yellow winding path stretching away from the end of the village.

🎈That morning saw…:我们在翻译类似“xx时间/xx地点（发生了什么事）”就可套用这种表达，译作：“时间/地点+witness/see等……”。例如：“传统产业加快升级”可译作traditional industrials saw faster upgrading。

中午时分，他们找到了那家全县最大的医院，谁知医生们也都参加中心任务去了，

At noon time, they arrived at the biggest hospital in town. Who would have thought that all the doctors were away to participate in the “central tasks” of the time!

🎈谁会想到……呢？Who would have thought that……？

顾均正《耳闻不如一见》

<谁会想到>，在这个每天接触到的日常现象上，从古到今，无论是什么人，无论在什么地方，都一直在受着眼睛的骗？……

Who would have thought that, when it comes to this common phenomenon in our daily life, people the world over should have been fooled by their own eyes ever since time immemorial?

🎈中心任务central tasks: tasks characteristic of the political climate of the time but unrelated to medicine.

为使不了解中国背景的读者对原文理解更确切，这里加了英文注释。

值班的小阿姨根本没有见过姐姐得的这种病。

The young nurse on duty had never seen such a case before.

🎈duty相关表达：

①应尽的义务bounden duty

萧红《当铺》

本来手就应该给我服务。

It was their bounden duty to wait on me.

②当作…用、用作…的代用品、充当…do duty for

顾均正《耳闻不如一见》

以耳代目。

Let the ear do duty for the eye.

③尽职、尽本分do one’s duty

④值班，当班on duty

独轮车又顺着来时的路返回了。

The cart rolled back following the same route it came in the morning.

🎈it came in the morning写作along which it came in the morning或者it crushed（碾压）in the morning

以后，就请乡下的土医生给姐姐治病。

Then some local medical men were called in.

🎈这里亦可译作local doctors。“土医生”一词在此暗示这些人未受过正规教育，医术不高，用 medical men更贴切些，表示他们是行医者，却不一定是正规医生。

他们不用任何麻醉药，拿一把明晃晃的刀子在姐姐脖子割治。

They performed an operation on Sister’s neck with a dazzling knife without using anesthetic.

🎈（医生给病人）做手术perform an operation

（病人被）动刀子be operated或have an operation或get/have a surgery

🎈“（明）晃晃”译作dazzling，dazzle一词重出江湖！

吴冠中《上海街头》

“花花世界”译作the dazzling city，常说“花花世界迷人眼”

季羡林《上海菜市场》

这里面五光十色，<令人眼花缭乱>

The rich assortment of hues and colors were dazzling.

乱花渐欲<迷人眼>A riot of blooms begin to dazzle the eyes.

姐姐不哭，实在忍不住才哼一声。她用手紧紧抓着他的胳臂，指甲抠进他的肉里。

She refused to cry, only uttering a groan at the most unbearable moment, her hand clutching his arm, her nails digging into his flesh.

🎈her hand clutching his arm, her nails digging into his flesh是独立主格结构。

土医生们吃喝一顿走了，却没有把姐姐的病带走。

The men left after a big dinner, but they did not take away Sister’s disease.

🎈带走，拿走，取走take away

例句

They were taken away in a police bus.

他们被抓上一辆警车带走了。

他守在姐姐身边，给她端开水，倒便盆。

He stayed close by to look after her, bringing in drinking water and carrying away the bedpan.

🎈“守在姐姐身边”中“守”包括“陪伴”+ “照顾”两层含义。

她的病越来越重，身子越来越虚，一小碗开水分几次喝，还累得直喘气。

Nevertheless, she was getting weaker and weaker, so feeble that she even had to stop several times to gasp for breath when drinking a small bowl of water.

🎈 Nevertheless是增译成分，指：虽然有弟弟无微不至的照顾，但姐姐的病还是恶化了。

🎈（大口）喘气 gasp for breath

想睡，脖子疼得不能合眼。

She wanted to sleep, but the pain in the neck was too gnawing to let her close her eyes.

🎈gnawing     adj. 折磨人的，令人痛苦的，使人苦恼的

原形是gnaw（噬咬），很容易联想到“痛入骨髓”、“百蚁噬心”之类的词，极大地增强了文字的表现力。

那天，她示意他走过去，摸住了他的手。

One day, she motioned him to come over and held his hand.

🎈示意motion sb to do

何为《回忆一个历史镜头》

何矜持地<示意>他们可入席坐下，便转向中外记者宣布，距签字式只有“最后五分钟”了。

General He reservedly motioned them to their seats, and then turned to the newsmen with the announcement that the surrender ceremony was to begin in five minutes.

2 、The boss beckoned him into her office.

老板<招手示意>他去她的办公室。

3、（哲中《过戈壁》）它吃完干粮，转身卧到地上，<示意>请我骑到背上。

After eating, it turned to lie on the ground, motioning me to ride on it.

“人死了……还吃……吃饭吗？”昏昏迷迷中，姐姐像是问他，又像是问自己。

“When… people die, do… they… eat?” she asked half-consciously. It was hard to tell whether she was asking him or herself.

🎈”昏昏迷迷”按“意识半清醒状态”之意理解译作half-consciously

🎈很难辨别/判断… It was hard to tell…

他不点头，也不摇头，四顾茫然地瞪大了眼睛。

He did not nod, nor did he shake his head, his eyes wide open staring around vacantly.

🎈后半部分的 his eyes (wide open) staring around vacantly是独立主格结构，wide open作eyes的后置定语。又，“朝四周张望”可译作stare about或stare around。

她忽然长了精神，眼睛也亮起来了，脸上有了红晕，说话也不那么气喘了。他想，姐姐这下可好了。

Suddenly, her spirit seemed to come back to her: her eyes shone, her cheeks flushed, and she no longer panted when she spoke. She’s getting better now, he thought.

🎈“这下可好了”不宜理解为完全康复，而应是“有所好转”，译作get better。

“……吃啥呢……”

他依旧不点头，不摇头，只是听到说“吃”，忙说：“吃柳芽，我给你摘好多柳芽。”

“… what to eat…”

He was still motionless, but upon hearing the word “eat,” he answered, “Ha, willow buds. I’ll pick up a lot of willow buds for you.”

🎈“不点头，不摇头”是之前弟弟回答相同问题时的表现，此处译文的 still+ motionless足以表现出原文的意思了。以及，upon hearing the word这种upon+V-ing表时间的方式说过好多次了。

她的眉舒展了，带着一丝不易觉察的笑，慢慢地松开了手，眼睛虽然还看着她，却没有了往日的晶亮的闪耀。

Her brows smoothed, and, with a smile that could hardly be detected, she slowly loosened her hand. Her eyes still watched him, but lacked their usual luster.

🎈Her brows smoothed和with a smile that could hardly be detected都是表示一种伴随的状态/动作。“没有了往日的晶亮的闪耀”→失去了以往的光彩，译作lacked their usual luster，“晶亮的闪耀”这个表述本身就有点重复，既已闪耀，何失晶亮?

她走了，带着小弟无意中的一句安慰，心满意足地永远地去了。

She was gone; she left forever satisfied with a word of comfort uttered unintentionally by her little brother.

🎈was gone中gone作形容词，表示“离开的；过去的；不复存在”。

例句

By morning the smoke will be all gone.

这些烟到了早上就会散尽。

🎈left forever satisfied中satisfied是对主语状态的补充说明。

他那时虽然年岁还小，却没有忘记自己许诺过的，在姐姐唇边放了几枚枯黄的柳叶。

Though he was young at the time, he did not forget his promise. He put a few withered willow leaves on Sister’s lips.

🎈和前文提及的green tender willow twigs一样，“枯黄的柳叶”中枯黄是外在表现，体现的是柳叶一种衰败的状态，译作withered willow leaves即可。

过了些时日，他提得动水桶，也扛得动铁锹了，就在姐姐的坟头上种了棵小柳树，三天两头浇水，施肥，没事就围着它看。

As time advanced, he was old enough to be able to carry a bucket and to use a shovel. He planted a small willow tree on his sister’s grave and came almost every day to see it and to take care of it.

🎈过了些时日As time advanced或As time went by

种了棵小柳树planted a small willow tree或planted a willow seedling

不久，他上学了。

Before long, he went to school.

🎈不久以后before long

例句

The government purposed that the project would be carried out before long.

政府决心不久就开始实行这项工程。

望着瓶里的那束柳枝，他心里默默地诉说着：“姐姐：你百般宝爱的小弟，已经是人民解放军的一名团级指挥员了。

Gazing upon the willow twigs in the bottle, he poured out in his heart silently to his sister: “My dear sister, your dearly beloved little brother is now a P.L.A. regimental officer.

🎈倾吐，倾诉，毫无保留地诉说思想、感情或经历pour out

例句

I poured my thoughts out on paper in an attempt to rationalize my feelings.

为了对自己的感情做出合理的解释，我把想法全都写在纸上。

🎈中国人民解放军 PLA（Chinese People’s Liberation Army）

这次回乡省亲，又到你的坟上去了。

I went to your grave again when I returned to our village recently to see our parents.

🎈回乡省亲→回乡+（去）省亲，译作returned to our village to see our parents。

这束柳枝就是从那树上采来的，它将作为你的照片，你的雕像，供置于我的案头。

This is a bunch of branches I picked up from that willow tree. I’ll take it as your picture, as your statue, and place it as an offering to you on my desk.

🎈本句是点题句，也就是解释了题目“撷自那片芳洲的清供”的由来，所以一定要把as an offering to you译出。

“姐姐：双亲虽然年逾古稀，体格尚好。

“Dear Sister, our parents are now over 70, in fairly good health for their age.

🎈古代年龄称谓：

垂髫：3、4岁至8、9的儿童

束发：指15岁

弱冠：指20岁

而立：指30岁

不惑：指40岁

知命（半百）：指50岁

花甲（耳顺）：指60岁

古稀：指70岁

耄耋：指80-90岁

期颐：百岁

娘对我说：‘可怜你姐她没有熬过来。这会儿吃啥?别说是啥柳芽子,黄灿灿的玉米面都喂鸡了。’……”

Mother said to me, ‘It’s a pity that your sister did not drag through those hard years. See what we eat today? We even feed the chickens with golden com flour, not to mention willow buds…’”

🎈好（不）容易才完毕，（使）缓慢地通过drag through

🎈更不用说not to mention

①由于他们一声不响，默默无闻，就很少为人所知，（更不）受重视。

As to those engrossed in “laying eggs”, because they are reserved and content to live in obscurity they gain little public attention, let alone recognition.

②它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，（更不用说）倒垂了；

Their leaves are broad and point upwards with very few slanting sideways, much less upside down.

③他会说德语和法语，（更不用说）英语了。

He can speak German and French, not to speak of English.

④老人、小孩都不赞成这个建议，更不用说年轻人了。

Old folks and children are all against the proposal, not to mention the youth.

⑤It was too expensive, to say nothing of the time it wasted.

这太贵了，（更不用说）它浪费的时间了。

⑥他会说德语和法语，（更不用说）英语了。

He can speak German and French, not to speak of English.

前面就是他的住所了。

Ahead of him was his house.

🎈英语中，有些倒装是出于语法上的需要，非用倒装语序不可，具有强制性；有些则是为了达到某种修辞效果，如强调、平衡、衔接等。

他一边回思着那段回弯曲折的历史，一边极小心地用脚试探着凸凹不平的路面，

As his feet carefully probed the uneven surface of the road, his mind kept pondering on that part of history, a tortuous path they had gone by.

🎈“一边A一边B”表面上看A和B地位同等，但考虑到与下句的衔接，还是将“回思着那段回弯曲折的历史”放在主句较为合适。

🎈沉思、深思、考虑ponder over/on/upon

例句

The more I pondered over this harpooneer, the more I abominated the thought of sleeping with him.

我越想到这个标枪手, 越厌恨要跟他一起睡的念头。

他想起曲折的路心里就酸楚得难以自抑，虽然他并不是不知道，世界总是在曲折中前进的……

He could not help feeling grief, even with an awareness that history never followed a straight forward course…

🎈忍不住、禁不住……couldn’t help doing

🎈并不是不知道=知道。even是增译成分，表明：哪怕明白这些道理，也难抑心中酸楚，感情色彩更为浓厚。

🔥必背词汇

willow         cn.柳，柳树

英义

A willow or a willow tree is a type of tree with long branches and long narrow leaves that grows near water.

例句

Willow trees breaking out into buds foretell the coming of spring.

柳枝绽青报春来。

plough        v.犁地，耕地

英义

When someone ploughs an area of land, they turn over the soil using a plough.

例句

They ploughed nearly 100,000 acres of virgin moorland.

他们犁了将近10万英亩未开垦的高沼地。

🔥重点表达

旅行包a travelling bag

一束嫩绿柳枝a bunch of green tender willow twigs

几枚枯黄的柳叶a few withered willow leaves

一本万利highly profitable

（责任、命运等）落在 … 身上；由 … 负担fall on (one’s shoulder)

在炕上打滚rolled back and forth on the kang

光天化日、大白天(in) broad daylight

赤脚光腱his feet and bottom all bare

踮起脚跟stand on sb’s toes

太……而不能……too…to…

触及；够得着；抓住get at

一撮、少许 a pinch of

支撑、维持 prop up…/prop…up

肚子就不唱大戏了your stomach will not make any noise again

狼吞虎咽 gobble up

青筋暴起veins pop out

一辆古老的独轮车an ancient one-wheeled pushcart

弯弯曲曲的蛋黄色小路the yolk-yellow winding path

谁会想到……呢？Who would have thought that……？

值班，当班on duty

（医生给病人）做手术perform an operation

一把明晃晃的刀子a dazzling knife

实在忍不住才哼一声only uttering a groan at the most unbearable moment

带走，拿走，取走take away

便盆the bedpan

（大口）喘气 gasp for breath

疼得不能合眼was too gnawing to let her close her eyes

示意motion sb to do

很难辨别/判断… It was hard to tell…

朝四周张望stare around

不久以后before long

人民解放军的一名团级指挥员a P.L.A. regimental officer

倾吐，倾诉，毫无保留地诉说思想、感情或经历pour out

好容易才完毕，（使）缓慢地通过drag through

更不用说not to mention

沉思、深思、考虑ponder over/on/upon

忍不住、禁不住……couldn’t help doing

🔥复盘测试

旅行包

一束嫩绿柳枝

几枚枯黄的柳叶

一本万利

（责任、命运等）落在 … 身上；由 … 负担

在炕上打滚

光天化日、大白天

赤脚光腱

踮起脚跟

太……而不能……

触及；够得着；抓住

一撮、少许

支撑、维持

肚子就不唱大戏了

狼吞虎咽

青筋暴起

一辆古老的独轮车

弯弯曲曲的蛋黄色小路

谁会想到……呢？

值班，当班

（医生给病人）做手术

一把明晃晃的刀子

实在忍不住才哼一声

带走，拿走，取走

便盆

（大口）喘气

疼得不能合眼

示意

很难辨别/判断…

朝四周张望

不久以后

人民解放军的一名团级指挥员

倾吐，倾诉，毫无保留地诉说思想、感情或经历

好容易才完毕，（使）缓慢地通过

更不用说

沉思、深思、考虑

忍不住、禁不住……

🔥表达对比

「等于」有几种表达？

Simply digging one foot down would amount to two thousand jin of grain!

一尺深（就是）2,000斤啊！

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

入射角（等于）反射角。

To sum up, the certificates do not really mean competence.

总结，证书不（等于）能力。

The victory equalled Southend’s best in history.

那次胜利（堪比）索森德历史上最漂亮的获胜。

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 贾宝泉《撷自那片芳洲的清供》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析