李汉荣《泡菜坛子》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析

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泡菜坛子

A Pickle Pot

李汉荣

Li Hanrong

 

母亲从乡下来,住了十天。

Mother came from our home village. She stayed with us for ten days.

Q:Mother前为什么不加冠词?

🎈家庭成员前冠词用法:

1. 若非特指某一位“母亲”,用不定冠词。

2. 若特指某一位“母亲”,用定冠词。

3. 以下情况不用冠词(或用零冠词)。

(1) 当面称呼时(通常大写第一个字母)。

(2) 在家庭内或在关系比较要好的朋友之间谈及自己的 mother 时(通常大写第一个字母)。如:I really ought to phone Mother. 我真的该给母亲打个电话了。

(3) 用于A and B, between A and B这类结构时

Mother and child are doing well. 母子都平安。

the relationship between mother and baby 母婴之间的关系


 

临走时,她老人家想为我们添置一件东西,留个纪念。

When she was about to leave, she wanted to buy us something as a present.

🎈be about to表示即将发生的动作,在时间上指最近的将来。往往不与表示将来的时间状语连用,但是与when引导的时间状语从句连用。

be to do一般表示实现计划好、打算好要去做的事,可以和具体的将来时间搭配。

 


母亲说:“你们什么都有,又好像什么都没有。

“You’ve got everything,” she said, “but you seem to have got nothing.

🎈现在完成时用于过去发生的动作或状态与现在的联系,包括对现在的影响、造成的结果以及动作的持续等。


 

电视机是你们的,里面走来走去都是些陌生的人,有时候,杀人犯、贼、贪官、小偷也在里面出出进进;

The TV set is yours, but the people who walk back and forth in it are all strangers, even murderers, corrupt officials and thieves come in and out of it from time to time.

🎈来来往往 back and forth

进进出出in and out

不时、间或、偶尔from time to time

🎈“贼”和“小偷”类似,译一处即可。

 


收录机是你们的,可尽是人家在唱歌;

The radio cassette player is yours, but it’s all others who sing in it.

🎈it’s all others who sing in it是it’s…who…强调句结构。

 


书架上的书是你们的,可那都是别人写的字;

The books on the shelf are yours, but they are all written by others.

🎈主语是书,与“都是别人写的字”搭配,不宜直译,应按“书都是由别人写的”之意翻译。


 

电冰箱是你们的,一年四季都装一箱不知从哪里落下的霜。

The fridge is yours, but all the year round it’s filled with frost that comes from God knows where.

🎈全年all the year

🎈…comes from God knows where中God knows where作名词用,是介词from的宾语。王世菁的《幼年鲁迅》中有:“她不知从什么地方替鲁迅找到了……”译为she was able to produce from nobody knew where…。此处的nobody knew where同理。

 


方便是方便,可就是没有一样是你们自己的。”

Though they make your life easy and comfortable, none of them BELONGS to you in the real sense of the word.”

🎈BELONGS大写,用于与其他词区分开,in the real sense of the word中的the word即指belongs这个词。这个细节处理很好,可以借鉴。


 

走的那天,母亲起了个早,从街上抱回一个泡菜坛子。

On the day she was to leave for home, she got up early in the morning and brought back a pickle pot from the market.

🎈关系词有时可省略,但这只限于限制性定语从句中。On the day (when/that) she was to leave for home中省略了关系副词when(也可换成that)


 

她说:“在坛子里腌一些菜吧,调调自家的口味。”

“Make some pickles in it,” she said, “and have something that suits your own palate.”

🎈合某人口味suit one’s palate/taste

 


我们的家里,从此有了泡菜,有了自己的味道。

Since then pickles of our own taste had been added to our diet.

🎈从此、自那以后Since then

🎈 pickles of our own taste

of+抽象名词的知识点

1、of+某些抽象名词(如interest、use、importance、value、significance),相当于该名词相应的形容词含义,常在句中作表语、后置定语和宾补。可以修饰这些名词的词有some、much、any、great、no、not much、little等。

2、of+某些抽象名词可以表示“性质、质量、颜色、大小、类型、样式、出身、来源、年龄、长度、距离、重量”等,这类名词多数没有其相应的形容词。这一短语还常用来表示人或事物的“内在”特征。


 

朋友上门,我们时常以泡菜佐酒,

When we had guests, we often had pickles to go with wine.

🎈“朋友上门”可按“待客”之意理解,译作have guest、receive guests等。


 

微醺中,大家就会说:“乡下的味道,不错;不错,乡下的味道!”

Slightly intoxicated, everyone would comment, “A country flavor, not bad. Not bad, a country flavor.

🎈Slightly intoxicated同Being slightly intoxicated,系动词be的现在分词作状语时,通常省略being。

🎈“说”有海量选择,积累词汇comment。

 


于是我们大家都有了自己的味道。

So we had something to our own taste.

🎈 to our own taste修饰something。此句译作So we had something of our own taste也是可以的。


 

再看那泡菜坛子,静静地守在那里,在喧嚣的日子,在钢筋混凝土的单元里,守着一坛平静的心情,酝酿着古老而纯朴的乡下味道。

When we looked at the pot, it was standing quietly at the comer. Amid the hustle and bustle of our everyday life and in the apartment of reinforced concrete, the pot stood there by itself, brewing an old and simple flavor.

🎈amid与among的区别是:among后面的名词是复数可数名词或是集合名词,如among my friends/among the audience。amid后面则是单数的抽象名词,如amid the wreckage/amid the confusion。有些抽象名词,用于具体事件的场合,常常以复数形式出现,也可以用amid。

🎈hustle and bustle(熙熙攘攘、喧嚣)常一起出现,hustle和bustle读起来朗朗上口,听起来和谐悦耳。

🎈everyday life(日常生活)中everyday词性是形容词,这也是everyday和every day二者之间的差别。

 

🔥必背词汇

pickle         n.泡菜,腌菜

英义

Pickles are vegetables or fruit, sometimes cut into pieces, which have been kept in vinegar or salt water for a long time so that they have a strong, sharp taste.

例句

Another strong Yorkshire country tradition is making pickles and chutneys.

另一个在约克郡盛行的民间传统是做泡菜和酸辣酱。

 

cassette        cn.(盒式)磁带,录像带

英义

A cassette is a small, flat, rectangular plastic case containing magnetic tape which is used for recording and playing back sound or film.

例句

His two albums released on cassette have sold more than 10 million copies.

他的两张专辑的磁带销量突破了1,000万。

 

frost        n.霜冻,严寒天气

英义

When there is frost or a frost, the temperature outside falls below freezing point and the ground becomes covered in ice crystals.

例句

The wind had veered to north, bringing clear skies and a keen frost.

风向已经转北,带来了晴朗的天空和严重的霜冻。

🔥重点表达

你们什么都有,又好像什么都没有You’ve got everything, but you seem to have got nothing.

杀人犯murderer

贪官corrupt officials

收录机the radio cassette player

没有一样是你们自己的none of them BELONGS to you in the real sense of the word

一个泡菜坛子a pickle pot

有了自己的味道had something to our own taste

乡下的味道a country flavor

在喧嚣的日子amid the hustle and bustle of our everyday life

在钢筋混凝土的单元里in the apartment of reinforced concrete

 

🔥复盘测试

你们什么都有,又好像什么都没有

杀人犯

贪官

收录机

没有一样是你们自己的

一个泡菜坛子

有了自己的味道

乡下的味道

在喧嚣的日子

在钢筋混凝土的单元里

 

🔥表达对比

「增添、增加」有几种表达?

 

我们的家里,从此(有)了泡菜,有了自己的味道。

Since then pickles of our own taste had been added to our diet.

 

为我们的共同努力(增添动力)。

It can also be a source of ideas to fuel our common efforts.

 

希拉,请别再给我(增添负担)了。

Sheila, please do not make this harder than it already is.

 

我决定(增加)肌肉而不是增加脂肪。

I decided to gain my weight in muscle, not fat.

 

印度太阳能发电量正在(增加)。

Solar power is on the rise in India.

未经允许不得转载:帕布莉卡 » 李汉荣《泡菜坛子》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析

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