A Bouquet of Flowers for You冯骥才Feng Jicai🔥提示：这是一篇有关对体育比赛失败者应持何种态度的小故事。作者通过揭示一个失败者细腻的内心活动，从侧面展示了一个道理:优胜者应当获得鲜花和喝彩，然而失败者更需要鼓励和帮助，这样他们才能继续努力，转败为胜。鲜花，理应呈送给凯旋归来的英雄。难道献给这黯淡无光的失败者？Flowers should be presented to winners who have returned home with flying colors after competitions. Why should they be given to this disgraced loser?🎈Why should they be given to this disgraced loser中should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。又，flying colors表示“成功、胜利”例句We here at VOA Learning English hope you pass your next exam with flying colors.我们VOA学英语希望你能成功通过你的下次考试。她一直垂着头。前四天，她从平衡木上打着旋儿跌在垫子上时，就把这美丽而神气的头垂下来。Since she fell on the mattress from the horizontal bar four days before while doing a somersault, she had kept her beautiful and once proud head bent.🎈“神气的头”，但实际上现在不再神气了。因此翻译时在proud前面加了once（曾经的） 一词。“她一直垂着头”表示一种延续的状态，已经通过had kept her …head bent中体现出来了，可以不译。现在她回国了，走入首都机场的大厅，简直要把脑袋藏进领口里去。Now she was back at the Capital Airport from abroad. Upon entering the lobby, she wished she could hide her head under her collar.🎈Upon/On entering the lobby作时间状语。萧红《当铺》又摸一摸当票才走进院子去。On entering the courtyard, I touched the pawn ticket again.她怕见前来欢迎的人们，怕记者问什么，怕姐姐和姐夫来迎接她，甚至怕见到机场那个热情的女服务员——她的崇拜者，She was ashamed to face the people who had come to welcome her right at the airport, to be interviewed by the reporters, or to meet her sister and brother-in-law. She was even afraid to see the warm-hearted stewardess—one of her admirers.🎈“怕”可理解为“害怕”，也可理解为“（因辜负…的期望而）愧对于…”，现译为was ashamed to…、was even afraid to…。welcome her /right at the airport，right并不和her连用，此处作副词，表示“（地点、位置或时间）精确地；就（在）…”每次出国经过这里时，都跑来帮着她提包儿……有什么脸见人，大败而归！Each time she went abroad from the airport, this stewardess would rush up to help her with her luggage. What a shame that she had absolutely failed!🎈上篇文章中刚见rush up to sb，今天又见到rush up to do（冲上来…）。help sb with sth意为“在…上帮助某人”。What a shame that she had absolutely failed!是what引导的感叹句，其中that引导同位语从句。这次世界性比赛，她完全有把握登上平衡木和高低杠“女王”的宝座，国内外的行家都这么估计，但她的表演把这些希望的灯全都关上了。Before she set off for the International Gymnastics Championships, she was fully confident of winning the World Titles for horizontal bar and uneven bars, and gym experts both at home and abroad had so expected. But her poor performance had shamefully shattered all of their expectations.🎈出发、动身前往set off for…例句He set off for the town at once.他马上出发进城了。🎈获得世界冠军win the World Title(s)平衡木horizontal bar高低杠uneven bars注意，平衡木是bar、高低杠是bars，取决于横木数量的不同🎈“把这些希望的灯全都关上了”即“打碎了这些期望、使这些期望化为了泡影”，现译为shattered all of their expectations。shamefully是增译成分，着重体现“羞愧”之情，不停地责怪自己。两年前，她第一次出国参加比赛，夹在许多名扬海外的姑娘们中间，不受人注意，心里反而没负担，出人意料拿了两项冠军。Two years before, she had gone abroad to take part in an international competition for the first time. Among so many girls who had already won fame abroad, she attracted little attention. Yet because her mind was kept free of her anxiety about failure, she unexpectedly won two World Titles.🎈Among so many girls … ：amid与among的区别是among后面的名词是复数可数名词或是集合名词，如among my friends/among the audience。amid后面则是单数的抽象名词，如amid the wreckage/amid the confusion。有些抽象名词，用于具体事件的场合，常常以复数形式出现，也可以用amid。又，Yet because her mind…中的yet理解成“但是”。回国时,就在这机场大厅里，她受到空前热烈的迎接。When she returned home that year, she was given an enthusiastic welcome in the same lobby.🎈“她受到空前热烈的迎接”也可译为she was <received> enthusiastically in the same lobby。许多只手朝她伸来，许多摄影机镜头对准她，Many hands stretched out to her, many camera lenses focused on her.🎈many camera lenses focused on her是独立主格结构，相当于and many camera lenses were focused on her。一个戴眼镜的记者死死纠缠着问：“你最喜欢什么?”A reporter in glasses kept pestering her with the question: “What do you like best?”🎈“死死纠缠着问”译成kept pestering her with the question, keep doing 用来表示“不断地做”，pester这个动词表示“纠缠”的意思,这样就确切地表达了原意。她不知如何作答，抬眼看见一束花，便说:“花!” She was wondering how to respond when she caught sight of a bouquet of flowers. Then she said, “Flowers!”🎈“不知”可译作was wondering，也可译作didn’t know。was wondering使用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的动作，即“她”在记者提问后至自己答话前这段时间的思想活动。于是就有几十束花朝她塞来，多得抱不住。Following her remarks, bunches of flowers were at once presented out to her, too many for her to hold.🎈too many for her to hold修饰bunches of flowers，可理解为和所修饰名词分隔开的非限制性定语。两年来多次出国比赛，她胸前挂着一个又一个亮晃晃的奖牌回来，迎接她的是笑脸、花和摄影机雪亮的闪光。During the past two years, she had participated in many international competitions and brought back one shining medal after another. What she got in return was all smiles, flowers and camera flashes.🎈一个接一个地；陆续地；络绎不绝地one after another或one after the other例句The bills kept coming in, one after another.账单纷至沓来。是不是这就加重她的思想负担? Was it because of this that she became preoccupied with winning? 🎈此句为强调句型的疑问形式：Was it+强调的成分+that…?愈赢就愈怕输，成绩的包袱比失败的包袱更重。The more she won, the more obsessed she was with the fear of losing. So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure.🎈”the more…，the more…”句型常表示”越……就越……”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。So her mind was…中so是增译成分，补充逻辑关系。精神可以克服肉体的痛苦，肉体却无法摆脱开精神的压力。The mind could control physical pains but could not free itself from mental strain easily.🎈上面几句话中反复出现了“思想负担”、“包袱”、“精神压力”等意思相近的词语，翻译时选择了不同的译法：preoccupied, obsessed, burdened, mental strain,这样表达既不单调又区分出了细微的差别。这次她在平衡木上稍稍感觉自己有些不稳，内心立刻变得慌乱而不能自制。她失败了，并且跟着在下面其他项目的比赛中一塌糊涂地垮下来……This time when she was a little off balance on the horizontal bar, she became so worried that she lost self-control and fell off. This failure was followed by several more in other events.🎈 off balance也可写作out of balance。🎈A was followed by B：要注意A发生在前，B发生在后，其实大家都知道这点，但一把这个结构组合起来看，很多人都会把顺序搞反。本来她怕见人，走在队伍最后，Afterwards in order to avoid people at the airport, she trailed along behind the team.🎈 trailed along中trail一词用得很妙，常表示“跟着别人拖沓地走、没精打采地走”，反映出了“她”此时极度沮丧、步履沉重的状态。可是当她发现很少有人招呼她，摄影记者也好像有意避开她时，她感到冷落，加重了心中的沮丧和愧疚，When she found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her, she felt hurt and deserted and became more humiliated and ashamed of herself.🎈本句可理解为“很少有人招呼她，摄影记者也好像有意避开她时”的现象“加重了（她）心中的沮丧和愧疚”，所以后半句除了参考译文的处理方式之外，还可译为which引导的非限制性定从。纵使她有回天之力,一时也难补偿，她茫然了。However hard she tried, she couldn’t turn the tide; she was a complete failure.🎈however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how。🎈转变运气；改变形势；扭转局势turn the tide例句Therefore we need to find new weapons and strategies to turn the tide in this war.因此，我们需要找到新武器和策略来逆转这场战争。是呵,谁愿意与失败者站在一起？Indeed, who would side with a failure?🎈支持某人、和某人站在一起side with sb例句The kids always sided with their mother against me.孩子们总是和妈妈站在一边，跟我唱对台戏。忽然她发现一双脚停在她眼前。All of a sudden, she saw a pair of shoes in front of her.🎈突然；猛地all of a sudden例句All of a sudden someone grabbed me around the neck.猛不防有人抓住了我的脖子。谁?她一点点向上看，深蓝色的服装，长长的腿，铜衣扣，无檐帽下一张洁白娴静的脸儿。Who could it be? She raised her bent head slowly and saw a navy blue suit, long legs, brass buttons and then a clear fair face under a brimless cap.🎈“谁?”暗含了“会是谁？”的含义。“她”把所有的人都想了一遍，实在想不出谁还会来接待她这个失败者，有种出乎意料、猝不及防的意味。🎈a clear fair face：white多指“脸色苍白”，且一般不用来形容人的肤色。“白皙的肤色”常用fair一词，译为“fair complexion/skin”。原来是机场那女服务员，正背着双手，含笑对她说:“我在电视里看见了你们比赛，知道你今天回来，特意来迎接你。”Before her stood the stewardess with her hands behind her back, speaking with a smile, “I watched your performance on the television. I knew you would come home today. So I am here especially to welcome you.”Q：地点状语置于句首，句子是否需要倒装？🎈一般来说①如果句子后面动词为及物动词则不需要倒装。例句In the room he found his pend.②如果句子后面动词为不及物动词则需要倒装。例句By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.“我真糟! ”她赶紧垂下头。“不，你同样用尽汗水和力量。”“我是失败者。”“I did very poorly.” She lowered her head again.“No. You did your best.”“But I failed.”🎈“你同样用尽汗水和力量”→但你同样尽力了，译作You did your best.。又，考虑到对话的衔接性，下句增译but，表示“尽了全力又怎样？我还是个loser”。“谁都不能避免失败。我相信，失败和胜利对于你同样重要。让失败属于过去，胜利才属于未来。”女服务员的声音柔和又肯定。“Nobody can avoid failure. I believe failure is as important to you as success. Failure belongs to the past, and victory is the future.” The stewardess’s voice came gentle but firm.🎈 failure is as important to you as success (to you)：在不引起误解的前提下，可以省略多余部分，否则不能省略。…voice came gentle…中come的用法：come+adj表示“变得…”例句The buttons had come undone.钮扣都松开了。Everything will come right in the end.切到最后都会好起来的。come后面可接的成分很多，以后遇到再说。她听了这话,重新抬起头来。Hearing these words, the girl raised her head.🎈rise是不及物动词＆不规则动词（rise–rose-risen），表示“向上运动；raise是及物动词＆规则动词（raise-raised-raised），表示“提起或举起某物”。只见女服务员把背在身后的手向前一伸，一大束五彩缤纷的花捧到她的面前。The stewardess held out her hands from behind her back with a big bouquet of colorful flowers, and presented it to the girl.🎈 from behind…：这是介词from的一个特殊用法，就是说，from之后还可以跟一个介词词组。有的语法书称之为双重介词（double preposition）浓郁的香气竟化作一股奇异的力量注入她的身体。她顿时热泪满面。The strong fragrance seemed to turn into a magic, powerful current that went through her body. She was moved to tears.🎈“化作一股奇异的力量注入她的身体”可以按译文的处理方式（…化作一股奇异的力量，后接定语从句，表示“注入/流经她的身体”）理解，也可以处理为两个动作的并列，即turn into a magic, powerful current and went through her body。又，考虑到搭配问题，“力量”译作current（一股涌流），和后文的went through（流淌）相呼应。且，译作current比译作power更为形象，减少了抽象感。🎈was moved to tears使感动得流泪was reduced to tears使伤心得流泪怎么？花，理应呈送给凯旋归来的英雄，难道也要献给这黯淡无光的失败者？Flowers are usually given to victorious heroes. Why to this disgraced loser?🎈文章开头和结尾都釆用了修辞性问句，以引起读者的深思。翻译中没有机械地重复，在结尾的句子中使用了更强的语气以加深印象。🔥必背词汇disgraced adj.人丢脸的，耻辱的，不光彩的英义You use disgraced to describe someone whose bad behaviour has caused them to lose the approval and respect of the public or of people in authority.例句The swimmer was sent home from the Olympics in disgrace.这位游泳运动员很不光彩地从奥运会上被遣送回国。mattress cn.褥垫，床垫英义A mattress is the large, flat object which is put on a bed to make it comfortable to sleep on.例句a soft/hard mattress软/硬床垫somersault cn.筋斗，跟头英义If someone or something does a somersault, they turn over completely in the air.例句to do/turn a somersault做翻滚动作🔥重点表达一束花A Bouquet of Flowers凯旋归来的英雄winners who have returned home with flying colors (after competitions)黯淡无光的失败者this disgraced loser把脑袋藏进领口里去hide her head under her collar崇拜者admirers帮着她提包儿help her with her luggage有什么脸见人，大败而归！What a shame that she had absolutely failed!完全有把握was fully confident of出发、动身前往set off for…把这些希望的灯全都关上了had shamefully shattered all of their expectations获得世界冠军win the World Title(s)平衡木horizontal bar高低杠uneven bars不受人注意attracted little attention受到空前热烈的迎接was given an enthusiastic welcome死死纠缠着问kept pestering her with the question看见caught sight of亮晃晃的奖牌shining medals转变运气；改变形势；扭转局势turn the tide支持某人、和某人站在一起side with sb突然；猛地all of a sudden是失败者failed🔥复盘测试一束花凯旋归来的英雄黯淡无光的失败者把脑袋藏进领口里去崇拜者帮着她提包儿有什么脸见人，大败而归！完全有把握出发、动身前往把这些希望的灯全都关上了获得世界冠军平衡木高低杠不受人注意受到空前热烈的迎接死死纠缠着问看见亮晃晃的奖牌转变运气；改变形势；扭转局势支持某人、和某人站在一起突然；猛地是失败者🔥表达对比「避开」有几种表达？可是当她发现很少有人招呼她，摄影记者也好像有意（避开）她时，她感到冷落，加重了心中的沮丧和愧疚，When she found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her, she felt hurt and deserted and became more humiliated and ashamed of herself.本来她怕见人，走在队伍最后……Afterwards in order to avoid people at the airport, she trailed along behind the team.雌性机智地（避开）麻烦。The female wisely stays clear of trouble.虽然严禁为烟草做广告，但一些烟草公司却通过赞助音乐会来（打擦边球）。Although tobacco ads are prohibited, companies get around the ban by sponsoring music shows.他（不）喝酒, 不抽烟。He keeps away from liquor and tobacco.
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冯骥才《富人区》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
