A Blind Actor周志俊Zhou Zhijun🔥提示：这个故事歌颂了一位文革中受迫害以致双目失明的老演员坚持走上舞台、献身艺术的执著精神。“别动!……叫你别动就别动！”“动一个‘裤脚管’有什么？”“什么‘裤脚管’？！”“Don’t move it! Don’t move it, I tell you!”“I’ve just moved ‘the trouser legs’ a little. What of it?”“What ‘trouser legs’? !”🎈“别动”是指“别动裤脚管”，而不是指“人别动”，所以译作Don’t move it!🎈裤脚管：即裤腿。译作trouser legs。🎈 What of it？（承认某事属实，想知道为何重要）那又怎么样呢，那有什么关系呢？例句Yes, I wrote the article. What of it?是的，文章是我写的。那又怎么样呢？我不知道是哪根神经的传导，使这位双目失明的演员知道我在偷偷撩动翼幕。I didn’t know which of his nerves told this blind actor that I was stealthily moving the side curtains. 🎈翼幕the side curtains我习惯叫翼幕为“裤脚管”，这使他很生气，粘着的胡子簌簌发抖，要不是化了妆，肯定是张铁青的脸。My habit of calling the side curtains “trouser legs” irritated him to such an extent that his artificial whiskers quivered. I was sure that under the make-up his face must be black with anger.🎈到…（程度）以至于…to such an extent that…。这个表达由to an extent（在某种程度上）变化而来，增添了such…that…结构。🎈肯定…be sure that…🎈under the make-up his face must be black with anger可将语序调整为his face under the make-up must be black with anger，此时，under the make-up作face的后置定语。以他的艺龄，完全可以做做剧院艺术顾问的事了，多省心！He deserved the position of art adviser in the troupe for the long years he had been working there. What a comfortably easy job it would have been for him!🎈would have been是虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的一种情况。🎈省心（舒心又省力）comfortably easy，写成comfortable and easy也可。但他说一个演员不能离开舞台，也许到死！But he claimed an artist should remain on the stage till death.🎈“说”未译作said，而是claimed（声明、声称），更能表示“他”捍卫舞台的决心。🎈“不能离开舞台”按“要呆在舞台上”之意，反话正说，译作了remain on the stage。正（反）话反（正）说的处理方法，大家可以试着用下。于是每逢他演出，院长派我负责他的安全：上场、下场……So I was appointed by the director to see to his safety whenever he went on stage.🎈照料，处理，照看see to例句While Franklin saw to the luggage, Sara took Eleanor home.富兰克林负责照看行李，萨拉则带着埃莉诺回家了。🎈whenever引导时间状语从句时，表示“每当；一……就……”，与when用法相似，但whenever语气更强烈；whenever引导让步状语从句时，表示“无论何时”，相当于at whatever time, no matter when。舞台上的翼幕，什么时候开始被叫做“裤脚管”，无人能回答。No one could say when the side curtains on the stage came to be called the “trouser legs.”🎈“回答”可译作say、point out（指明、指出）等等。但的确有这样的事，有些演员常在吃食后，便把它当做抹布擦手；下场时，为了少走两步，把“裤脚管”一撩，走个斜线就下妆去了。这些他现在已看不到了。In fact, some actors would use them as napkins after snacks, and others would lift them to take a short cut off the stage. All this he could no longer see.🎈有些……有些……some n[pl]…others…一方面……另一方面……on one hand…on the other hand…🎈走捷径、抄小道take a short cut不再、不复no longer🎈All this he could no longer see意同He could no longer see all this。英语中，有些倒装是出于语法上的需要，非用倒装语序不可，具有强制性；有些则是为了达到某种修辞效果，如强调、平衡、衔接等。这一次为了怕翼幕绊住他的脚，我才撩了一下，不幸落在我的身上，I had held up the side curtain just in time to keep him from tripping over it, and this was what I got in return from him.🎈防止……keep sb from doing sth🎈trip熟词僻义，意为“绊倒”，常与on/over搭配。trip up意同trip。例句Make sure trailing flexes are kept out of the way so you don’t trip （up） over them.别让拖地的皮线挡了道，这样你就不会被绊倒。我心里嘟嚷着：“摔着活该!” “It serves you right if you stumbled on it!” I cursed to myself.🎈咎由自取；罪有应得；活该…it serves sb right (for doing sth)。又，if you stumbled on it是非真实条件句（虚拟语气），指与现在事实相反。🎈“嘟嚷”按“咒骂”之意理解译作curse。他很生气地问起是谁给神圣的舞台上的翼幕取了“裤脚管”的名字，他那无光却仍有魅力的眼睛，突然涌出两颗泪珠，挂在眼角上，不落下来……With tears brimming in his sightless yet still attractive eyes, he angrily demanded to know who nicknamed the sacred side curtains “trouser legs.”🎈这一段表现盲演员不能容忍某些演员对神圣的艺术不散，将舞台的翼幕戏称为“裤脚管”的现象。翻译时釆用了感情色彩较浓的词语，如：demanded, sacred, brimming with tears 等，以加强感染力。那是在他还未失明时候的事了，剧院门门贴着“庙小妖风大，池浅王八多”的对联，横批是“老朽滚蛋”。This incident occurred during the Cultural Revolution when he still had his eyesight. At the door of the theater hung a couplet which read: “A small temple with strong evil wind; A shallow pond with many bad tortoises.” Between the vertical couplet stretched the horizontal streamer which read: “Away with old scoundrels.”🎈“文化大革命the Cultural Revolution”是增译成分，交代时代背景，以更好地帮助读者理解文章。🎈away with…让（某人或事物）消失吧例句Away with all these rules and regulations!让所有这些规章制度见鬼去吧！可是几个年轻人，演出就困难了，于是打着“落实政策”的幌子，把他解放出来，当舞台监督兼跑个不出声的群众。At that time only a few young actors were allowed to perform on the stage. It was almost impossible for them to give any good performances. So this veteran actor was soon “liberated” under the pretext of “implementing the policies” and was made stage manager with the concurrent job of playing silent minor roles on the stage.🎈翻译此句时，需要对原文进一步理解。“可是几个年轻人，演出就困难了”→剧院里只有几个人，演不起来。所以适当增译，将该句译为…only a few young actors were allowed to perform on the stage….🎈was made stage manager：“make sb+职位”相当于elect sb+职位，意为“选举某人担任某职务”。🎈”liberated”的双引号加的很妙，表明所谓的“落实政策”只不过是出于自己利益选择表面落实。但他的好年月仅仅不到一个月，也就为了这条“裤脚管”，有人当主角，一出场就把翼幕一撩，亮相，下场一撩，表示帅劲儿。However, this job which kept him free lasted no more than a month. It was all because of “the trouser legs” incident. Some leading actors used to hold up one of the side curtains to strike a pose when going on the stage and hold it up again to show off when leaving the stage.🎈“好年月”指“被解放的日子”，译作kept him free🎈原文句子太碎，翻译时注意整合：跟上翼幕的事儿，他的好年月持续不到一个月。/主角儿总是一出场……。It was all because of “the trouser legs” incident.中的it指代“他的好年月仅仅不到一个月”🎈摆出某种姿态、（出场）亮相strike a pose/an attitude🎈炫耀，卖弄，表现自己show off🎈上/下台on/off the stage 这些被他看在眼里，忘了“老老实实改造”的训示，在大庭广众面前就吼了起来，When he saw such behavior he forgot the directive of “remoulding in real earnest” and roared with indignation at these actors.🎈“在大庭广众面前就吼了起来”，更准确来说应为“对撩翼幕的演员儿怒吼”，重点在对目标对象吼，而非单指吼这个动作。现译作roared at these actors。造反派组织了“现场批斗会”，狠狠斗这条“翻天”的“牛”。A public meeting was held on the spot by the rebels to severely denounce this “ox” who wanted to “overturn heaven.”🎈公开会议，公众集会a public meeting现场、当场on the spot🎈ox: a term used during the Cultural Revolution, referring to a class enemy.🎈overturn heaven: to overthrow the government.“打倒斯坦尼的孝子贤孙!” “Down with the filial son of Stanislavsky!”🎈打倒、推翻…… Down with…🎈斯坦尼：指斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基，是俄国演员、导演、戏剧教育家、理论家。名言是“没有小角色，只有小演员”；强调演员在舞台上的首要地位。他心爱的学生，还把老师在牛棚里偷偷写成的《论舞台艺术的整体性》霍地甩了出来，于是现场像热油锅里掉进盐粒，沸起来了。Then suddenly one of the old actor’s favorite students flung out the article, On the Integrity of Stage Art, which the old actor had written in secret when he was confined in the “ox shed”. This set the whole audience boiling as if salt had been poured into a pot of hot oil.🎈扔掉，丢掉fling out sth逐出、开除fling out sb🎈ox shed: a place where “oxen”(class enemies) were confined.🎈“现场像热油锅里掉进盐粒，沸起来了”很明显是将“人群沸腾起来”比喻成了“盐粒在热油锅里滋滋作响”。首先译出set the whole audience boiling，后接as if引出喻体。“在牛棚里还写黑文毒害人！”“He even dared to write reactionary articles in the ‘ox shed’ to poison people’s minds!”🎈dare（敢）的两种用法：其一，dare用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。例句Dare you catch the mouse?你敢抓这只老鼠吗？其二，dare用作实义动词，有人称和数及时态变化。其后的动词不定式可带to也可不带，一般肯定句中要有to，否定句和疑问句中可有可无。例句I dare to jump down from the top of the wall.我敢从墙头跳下来。She doesn’t dare (to) face her mother.她不敢面对母亲。🎈此句宜意译。“黑文”实指反动文章，故译为reactionary articles;“毒害人”实指毒害人的思想，故译为poison people’s minds。一张张的地下文字，变成了碎片，在他脚下飞舞，Viciously they tore up all the sheets of his article and scattered the pieces swirling around the old actor’s feet.🎈Viciously（恶毒地）是增译成分，生动描绘出批斗会上造反派的丑恶嘴脸。他低着头，看见纸片上的字渐渐小去，小去，他复发了青光眼……Bending his head, he watched the words on the scraps of paper becoming fainter and fainter until he could see no more because of a relapse of glaucoma.🎈这是一个“一逗到底”的长句。翻译采取了断句法，译成了两句，句尾处加了he could see no more以明确表示他已被迫害失明。他对我抱歉地说，他看不得别人对艺术事业的糟蹋。The old veteran then told me as if in apology that he couldn’t bear to see art maltreated.🎈as if in apology that …：as if的省略句——在某些状语从句中，当其主语跟主句的主语一致，而且含有be动词时，可以把主语（一般是代词充当）以及be动词一起省略。旨在使句子更加简洁和生动。🎈舍不得、无法忍受、不忍心 can’t bear to 例句I can’t bear to think of you living in that horrible, filthy attic.想到你要生活在那样一间肮脏可怕的阁楼里，我受不了。🎈see art maltreated：see …done。过去分词表被动。他伸手摸起桌上一个照相架，里面是一张他扮演老工人的剧照，相框是古铜色雕花的。Fumbling on the table, he took up a carved bronze-colored photo frame containing a stage photo of himself as a veteran worker.🎈fumble用词准确，指“乱摸、摸索”，符合盲人寻物的状态。“一个完整的艺术品，应当包括这个框架。翼幕就是舞台框子。假使把翼幕当成‘裤脚管’，随便破坏它，那我们怎么能称得上是人类灵魂的工程师呢!”He said to me, “A complete work of art should include the frame as well. The side curtains are a part of the stage frame. If we treat them as ‘trouser legs’ and abuse them at will, how can we actors deserve to be referred to as ‘the engineers of the human soul’?”🎈艺术品 work of art🎈a part of（……的一部分）：part用作名词时的基本意思是某整体中的“部分”“局部”，是可数名词，用于单数形式时，前面的不定冠词常省略。🎈任意；随意at will例句They were able to come and go at will.他们能够来去自由。🎈将A称作B refer to A as B例句It’s referred to as the “lungs of the earth”.它被称为“地球之肺”。我真希望他现在能眼睛豁亮起来，让他看到我的泪水，我的忏悔。How I wished he could see again! He would see my regretful tears.🎈how引导的感叹句类型：①How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语!②How＋副词＋主语＋谓语!③How＋主语＋动词!④How+ many/much/few/little+名词+主语＋谓语!🎈区分wish和may的用法：1、wish：wish sb/sth +n或wish that…（that从句要用虚拟语气，表示客观上比较难或不太可能实现的希望）2、may：may sb/sth+v他看见了，因为他没有再说下去。Yes, he did see all too clearly, for he abruptly broke off.🎈 did see意同saw，语气更强烈，是对自己想法的肯定。🔥必背词汇trousers n.裤子英义Trousers are a piece of clothing that you wear over your body from the waist downwards, and that cover each leg separately.例句He was smartly dressed in a shirt, dark trousers and boots.他穿着衬衫和黑裤子，脚蹬皮靴，看上去很帅气。stealthy adj.悄悄的，偷偷摸摸的，鬼鬼祟祟的英义Stealthy actions or movements are performed quietly and carefully, so that no one will notice what you are doing.例句I would creep in and with stealthy footsteps explore the second-floor.我会偷偷溜进去，轻手轻脚地查看一下二楼。quiver v.颤动，抖动英义If something quivers, it shakes with very small movements.例句Her bottom lip quivered and big tears rolled down her cheeks.她的下唇颤抖着，豆大的泪珠顺着面颊滚落下来。whisker n.连鬓胡子，络腮胡子英义You can refer to the hair on a man’s face, especially on the sides of his face, as his whiskers .例句…wild, savage-looking fellows, with large whiskers, unshaven beards, and dirty faces长着浓密的络腮胡子，胡须未刮且脸上脏兮兮的看起来很粗野的家伙troupe n. (巡回演出的)演出团，歌舞团，戏班子英义A troupe is a group of actors, singers, or dancers who work together and often travel around together, performing in different places.例句troupes of travelling actors巡回演出演员组成的剧团🔥重点表达裤脚管the trouser legs那又怎么样呢，那有什么关系呢？What of it？翼幕the side curtains肯定是张铁青的脸his face must be black with (anger)肯定…be sure that…省心comfortably easy照料;处理;照看see to走捷径、抄小道take a short cut不再、不复no longer防止……keep sb from doing sth咎由自取；罪有应得；活该…it serves sb right (for doing sth)让（某人或事物）消失吧away with…文化大革命the Cultural Revolution打着“落实政策”的幌子under the pretext of “implementing the policies”摆出某种姿态、（出场）亮相strike a pose/an attitude炫耀;卖弄;表现自己show off上/下台on/off the stage“老老实实改造”的训示the directive of “remoulding in real earnest”翻天overturn heaven公开会议；公众集会a public meeting现场、当场on the spot复发了青光眼a relapse of glaucoma糟蹋maltreat舍不得、无法忍受、不忍心can’t bear to人类灵魂的工程师the engineers of the human soul艺术品 work of art任意；随意at will🔥复盘测试裤脚管那又怎么样呢，那有什么关系呢？翼幕肯定是张铁青的脸肯定…省心照料;处理;照看走捷径、抄小道不再、不复防止……咎由自取；罪有应得；活该…让（某人或事物）消失吧文化大革命打着“落实政策”的幌子摆出某种姿态、（出场）亮相炫耀;卖弄;表现自己上/下台“老老实实改造”的训示翻天公开会议；公众集会现场、当场复发了青光眼糟蹋舍不得、无法忍受、不忍心人类灵魂的工程师艺术品任意；随意🔥表达对比「包括」有几种表达？一个完整的艺术品，应当（包括）这个框架。He said to me, “A complete work of art should include the frame as well.他伸手摸起桌上一个照相架，（里面是）一张他扮演老工人的剧照，相框是古铜色雕花的。Fumbling on the table, he took up a carved bronze-colored photo frame containing a stage photo of himself as a veteran worker.真空保鲜盒（包括）盒体，盖体，充气阀和抽气阀。The vacuum freshness preservation box comprises a box body, a cover body, an inflating valve and an air pumping valve.计算中可能（包括）上百个进程，它们需要动态地获取资源以及高效率地通信。Computations may involve hundreds of processes that must be able to acquire resources dynamically and communicate efficiently.It’s a theory that would embrace the whole field of human endeavour.这个理论将（囊括）人类活动的各个领域。
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爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
