More on Packaging (Excerpt)吴冠中Wu Guanzhong🔥背景知识：吴冠中的《再论包装》写于2003年，似为季羡林(1911—2009) 1997年写的《论包装》的后续，两者异曲同工，相映生辉，对社会时弊作了 不约而同的鞭挞讽刺。🎈题目「再说包装」译作More on Packaging。「再说」即交代更多的信息，译作more（on）很巧妙。包装的本质是伪装。Basically, packaging means false embellishment.🎈「是」不是只有be动词一种译法，如此处译作means。🎈「包装的本质是伪装」译为Basically, packaging means false embellishment，其中 basically意同 fundamentally 和 essentially，都可用来表 达「本质上」，但basically较简短通俗，故选用之。为了美观，略施装饰，无可厚非，斥之伪，有点刻薄。Nevertheless, a little embellishment for the sake of nice appearance is not altogether inadvisable, and it is a bit harsh to denounce it as falsehood.🎈为了……for the sake of形式主义 the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake🎈「略施装饰，无可厚非」本可译为a little embellishment…is beyond reproach等，但is beyond reproach的语气嫌重，与「无可厚非」略有出入，故改译 is not altogether (或completely) inadvisable。商品离不开包装，离谱的包装，岂止伪，存心欺蒙顾客。Merchandise can never do without packaging, but going too far with it means something worse than falsehood—it is deliberate cheating.🎈「离谱的包装」意即「过分的包装」，故译going too far with it或 overdoing it, too much of it。口语中表达「你太过分了！」You are way too far日本人很讲究包装，一个漂亮的大匣里面藏着精致的小匣，小匣里还有更小的匣，Japanese are very particular about packaging. Hidden inside one beautiful big box will be a number of gradually smaller delicate ones placed one inside another. 🎈对…非常讲究/挑剔be very particular about/over…例句She’s very particular about her clothes.她对衣着特别挑剔。🎈Hidden inside one beautiful big box will be a number of…是地点状语位于句首的倒装结构。🎈 …smaller delicate ones placed one inside another：placed one inside another是ones的后置定语，描述「套娃」般的包装方式。一层层的包装待你剥到底，最后裸露的往往只是一块小小的糖果。You have to tear them off one by one until you finally hit on nothing but a tiny piece of candy.🎈撕下、扯下 tear off多数情况下，one by one可与one after another替换。不过one by one通常强调的是一次一个，而one after another则强调连续性。我们进入了包装的时代，这恰好提醒我们进入了伪劣假冒的时代。We have entered the age of packaging, or rather the age of counterfeit and shoddy merchandise. 🎈「我们进入了包装的时代，这恰好提醒我们进入了伪劣假冒的时代」可按「我们进入了包装的时代，不如说进入了伪劣假冒的时代」译为We have entered the age of packaging, or rather the age of counterfeit and shoddy merchandise。“豪华精美”包装的礼品满天飞，Attractively-packaged gifts can be found everywhere.🎈说人话：「豪华精美包装的礼品满天飞」就是豪华精美包装的礼品到处都有（can be found everywhere）送这种豪华礼品的人与被送者之间绝无真诚的友情，聪明的包装者是明悟这一实际的，所以工夫用在礼品之外，包装之上。Aware of the complete absence of real friendship between sender and receiver of a gift, shrewd businessmen have been racking their brains trying to beautify the packing design rather than improve the commodity itself.🎈Aware of the complete absence of real friendship between sender and receiver of a gift可以理解为原因状语或伴随状语。此处同（Being）aware of…。系动词be的现在分词作状语时，通常省略being。🎈「聪明的包装者」可按「精明的商人」译为shrewd businessmen🎈racking their brains trying to beautify…：trying to …是伴随状语。又，rack one’s brain是英语习语，指「绞尽脑汁」柔石《为奴隶的母亲》关于孩子底名字，秀才是煞费苦心地想着，但总想不出一个相当的字来。As to the baby’s name, the scholar racked his brain, but just could not hit upon a suitable one.🎈beautify是动词，指「美化」，我们平时用惯了beautiful，甚至有点嫌弃beautiful这个词太庸俗，但是词性一变，译文一下子有了逼格。外国也包装，也走人情，也行贿，但以包装作欺蒙则我们传统中早有提示：金玉其外，败絮其中。People in foreign countries are also particular about packaging, and also bribe with gifts, but we have a longer tradition of hoodwinking customers by means of packaging, as witness the ancient Chinese saying, “Gold and jade without, rubbish within.”🎈以包装作欺蒙则我们传统中早有提示：金玉其外，败絮其中可按「以包装欺骗，我们很早就有这传统，以’金玉其外，败絮其中’一语为证」译之：we have a longer tradition of hoodwinking customers by means of packaging, as witness the ancient Chinese saying, “Gold and jade without, rubbish within🎈以……为证 as witness…例句My father prospered perceptibly, as witness the garage, the Ford, the trips by train and steamship. 我的父亲明显地发达了，有了车库和福特车，坐火车和轮船出差。包装歌星、包装书画家、包装著作……包装早已是堂而皇之的事业，不怕社会讥讽了。Star singers, painters and calligraphers, authors… all go in for self-packaging overtly in disregard of public ridicule.🎈「堂而皇之」意即「公开」，故译overtly或openly🎈致力于、从事、追求go in for叶梦《今夜，我是你的新娘》「我不需要显摆不需要张扬」译为I don’t want to go in for pomp and celebrate our nuptials in a big way.🎈不顾、无视in disregard of例句They are in flagrant disregard of the life, property and well-being of civilians.他们公然无视民众的生命财产和福祉。书籍装帧应让人一目了然著作的内涵与品位，是极深奥的艺术创作工作，Binding and layout, which provide clear insights into the content and quality of a book, call for profound artistic work.🎈「是极深奥的艺术创作工作」中「是」按「需要、要求」之意理解，译作call for但今日书店书摊上琳琅满目，一片花里胡哨，连书名都认不出来。But, today, bookstores and bookstalls are a riot of loud glaring color, so much so that the book titles are overshadowed and become hardly recognizable. 🎈「但今日书店书摊上琳琅满目，一片花里胡哨」译为But, today, bookstores and bookstalls are a riot of loud glaring color，其中riot作「极度丰富」或「一片」解，loud glaring color作「艳丽夺目的色彩」解。🎈「连书名都认不出来」，可以理解为「跟那些花里胡哨的东西相比，书名黯然失色/相形见绌」。注意积累表达「与….相比，相形见绌，黯然失色」🎈so much…that和so much so that比so…that和so that在语气上更强。例句I was so much tired that I couldn’t walk on.我极度疲倦，走不动了。She is hungry, so much so that she had to go begging.她很饿，饿到不得不去乞讨。印一张白底黑字的封面吧。Why not have book covers printed just in black and white instead?🎈此句译为处理为了why not表示建议的问句。处理方法和徐地山《落花生》中的一句完全一样：「就辟来做花生园罢」译为why not plant some here？（也可译为why not have them planted here？或why not make a peanut plot of it？）🎈 instead的位置非常灵活，可位于句首、句中和句尾。又，instead和instead of都有「代替，而不是」之意，但用法不同：instead作副词，意为「代替、反而、却」，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末。例句Why not play football instead?instead of是介词短语，意为「代替，而不是」，后面跟名词、代词、介词短语或动词ing形式。例句He is going to England instead of France.伪装是个人的野心，也适应社会的需求。Packaging serves to satisfy social needs as well as personal ambition.🎈积累翻译「是」的第三种处理方法：serve toserve to +V，意同V：涉及《武峰十二天》中的「谓语动词过渡」：在汉语中，若出现强势动词，翻译为英语时不能直接找强势动词，而要找弱势动词对强势动词进行过渡。比如「我买了一辆车」译为I made a purchase of a car而不是I bought a car.🎈谓语动词过渡可当做一种处理方法，但过度使用则会与另一派翻译观点简明翻译相冲撞，造成译文累赘不堪。翻保证信息正确的前提下，翻译方法没有对错可言，但会对读者的阅读感受造成很大影响。大家要具体情况具体对待。官吏的乌纱、皇帝的蟒袍用以吓唬老百姓，Imperial officials and emperors used to wear black gauze hats and boa-design robes respectively to frighten common people into submission. 🎈官吏Imperial officials皇帝emperors老百姓common people🎈 into submission是增译成分。「蟒袍用以吓唬老百姓」，如果仅仅是为了吓唬人，那这官位上的人怕是幼稚极了，此处的「吓唬」是有目的性的：使老百姓听话/臣服。他们退堂退朝后便恢复本来面目，毋须衣冠沐猴了。After a court session or imperial court session was adjourned, they would respectively cease to dress up as such and become their usual selves.🎈停止做某事cease to do停下来做某事stop to do（停下来去做另一件事情）停止做某事stop doing sth.（停止手上正在做的事情）🎈「衣冠沐猴」意即「人装打扮的猴子」，比喻虚有其表，形同傀儡。常用来讽刺投靠恶势力窃据权位的人。按字面直译为monkeys in human attire，这里按照「乔装打扮」译为dress up as such🎈「本来面目」按「日常模样」理解，译作usual selves。were no longer her old self前后判若两人old self以前的自己西装、革履、领带，这种包装在西方已定型几百年，并早已成为全世界公认的正式服饰，而且居然在不断更新的时装流变中岿然不动。The Western-style suit with leather shoes and necktie to go with it is a kind of packaging that has taken shape in the West ever since several hundred years ago. It has long become universally accepted formal wear and even survived the vicissitudes of garment style intact.🎈「西装、革履、领带，这种包装在西方已定型几百年」译为The Western-style suit with leather shoes and necktie to go with it is a kind of packaging that has taken shape in the West ever since several hundred years ago，其中 to go with it作「与…相配」解，也可改用to match it。又，take shape是固定搭配，表示「形成，定型」🎈积累词汇：vicissitudes表示「更新迭代」但休闲服的兴起，不知是否会冲垮这端着架子的西装传统，Nevertheless, nobody can tell if the tradition of wearing the stiff and formal Western-style suit will end up being broken down by the upsurge of popular casual wear. 🎈「不知是否会冲垮这端着架子的西装传统」译作nobody can tell if…。运用了补充主语的翻译策略。这种策略在政府工作报告中尤为常见，通常会是一堆动宾结构堆在一起，中文读起来酣畅淋漓，一气呵成，但要译成英文，就得添东西以符合英文习惯了。因人们最终要追求自在与舒适，一切架子与伪装都将被抛弃。In the final analysis, people prefer ease and comfort to any form of affectation and pretence.🎈归根结底In the final analysis例句In the final analysis, it’s a matter of personal choice.归根结底，这是个人的选择。🎈prefer A to B 表示「比起B来，更喜欢A」，在这里前后都用名词形式，对仗工整。🔥必背词汇pretence un.假象，伪装，虚伪的表现英义the act of behaving in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true 例句Their friendliness was only pretence.他们的友善态度只不过是装出来的。falsehood un.虚伪性，虚假性，谬误英义Falsehood is the quality or fact of being untrue or of being a lie.例句She called the verdict a victory of truth over falsehood.她将这一判决称为真理对谬误的胜利。embellishment n.装饰，修饰英义An embellishment is a decoration added to something to make it seem more attractive or interesting例句Renaissance embellishments.文艺复兴时期的装饰denounce n.谴责，痛斥英义If you denounce a person or an action, you criticize them severely and publicly because you feel strongly that they are wrong or evil.例句Some 25,000 demonstrators denounced him as a traitor.大约 2.5万名示威者痛斥他是叛徒。harsh adj.言行严厉的，无情的英义Harsh actions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy.例句He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents.他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。🔥重点表达为了 for the sake of无可厚非 is not altogether inadvisable讲究，挑剔 are particular about剥落，撕掉 tear sth. off进入……的时代 enter the age of +n假冒伪劣产品 counterfeit and shoddy merchandise走人情，行贿 bribe with gifts金玉其外，败絮其中 Gold and jade without, rubbish within爱好，从事，参加，追求go in for 不怕，不顾 in disregard of装帧和布局 Binding and layout白底黑字/白纸黑字 in black and white 停止做某事 cease to do sth.衣冠沐猴 dress up as such西装 Western-style suit形成，定型 take shape正式服饰 formal wear ……的兴起 the upsurge of🔥复盘测试为了无可厚非讲究，挑剔剥落，撕掉进入……的时代假冒伪劣产品走人情，行贿金玉其外，败絮其中爱好，从事，参加，追求不怕，不顾装帧和布局白底黑字/白纸黑字停止做某事衣冠沐猴西装形成，定型正式服饰……的兴起🔥表达对比「相形见绌、黯然失色」有几种表达？书店书摊上琳琅满目，一片花里胡哨，连书名都认不出来Bookstores and bookstalls are a riot of loud glaring color, so much so that the book titles are overshadowed and become hardly recognizable.这些旧房子在新建的高楼大厦的映衬下（显得十分矮小）The old houses were dwarfed by the huge new tower blocks. 他虽是一个天才的运动员，但与他的兄弟相比就（黯然失色）了。Though a talented player, he was completely eclipsed by his brother. 他们的演出（使我们的相形见绌） Their presentation put ours to shame.
帕布莉卡
朗读这篇文章
吴冠中《鸵鸟·孔雀·老鹰》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
