On the Verge of Tears吴冠中Wu Guanzhong🔥背景知识：《哭》是吴冠中于2000年写的一篇随笔，文章笔墨寥寥，气势不凡，细腻真切，充满真挚的爱国热忱与民族自豪感。🎈题目「哭」译为On the Verge of Tears，意即「几乎流泪」，是斟酌文章内容而译的。那年，我坐夜车去朝拜圣地——到茂陵瞻仰霍去病墓前的雕刻。Years ago, I went by night train to Mao Ling, a sacred place in Shaanxi Province, to pay homage to the sculptures standing before Huo Qubing’s tomb.🎈「那年」意即「几年前」或「有一年」，不宜译为That year，现译Years ago。🎈学习把「朝拜圣地——到茂陵」译为to Mao Ling, a sacred place in Shaanxi Province（同位语）的处理方式。🎈向……表示敬意 pay homage to例句Kim visited a war cemetery to pay homage to the soldiers killed in the War.金正恩参观了一处战争公墓，悼念在战争中阵亡的士兵。🎈before和in front of的区别before作介词时，与介词短语in front of表示位置关系时，都用来表示在某物之前，意思基本是一致的，可以相互替换。但是，两者中in front of意义单纯，before意义较为多样，除表示位置关系外，还可表示时间和逻辑次序上的先后关系。夜车到了终点站，霍去病墓还老远。在那满天星斗的西北原野上，我时而顺着大车道，时而踏着羊肠小径往前赶路，As it was a long way from the terminal station to Huo’s tomb, I had to hurry on with my journey on foot under the starry sky of Northwest China, sometimes along a broad road, sometimes on a narrow footpath. 🎈「夜车到了终点站，离霍去病墓还老远」译为As it was a long way from the terminal station to Huo’s tomb …，如直译 When the night train arrived at its terminal, Huo’s tomb was still a long way off…则欠通顺。🎈「我往前赶路」译为 I had to hurry on with my journey，其中to hurry on with…是成语，作「匆忙（做某事）」解。🎈sometimes along a broad road, sometimes on a narrow footpath中sometimes…sometimes…可以换为now…now…（时而…时而…）李大钊《艰难的国运与雄健的国民》旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。A traveller on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road.及至霍去病墓地，天色才开始曙明。The day was just dawning when I arrived at Huo’s tomb. 🎈刚刚黎明The day is/was just dawning。余光中《西欧的夏天》中也出现了此表达。附近没有行人，Not a pedestrian in sight.🎈「附近没有行人」译为Not a pedestrian in sight，其中省略了动词was。此句也可译为Not a soul in sight，意即「见不到任何人」没有一个人影without a single soul不见一个人影without a soul in sight我迫不及待地扑向墓前那几座庞然巨物的伟大雕刻作品。I lost no time in presenting myself before the majestic carved works of great magnitude before the tomb. 🎈「我迫不及待地扑向」可译为I lost no time in presenting myself before…或 I hurriedly came up to…我十分激动，它们永远是活着的，并一直是我精神上的支柱。I was beside myself with agitation. The immortal art treasures will be my permanent spiritual prop.🎈学习描写「情绪」的新表达：be beside myself with …例句I was beside myself with joyous excitement.我独自一人狂喜着。🎈「它们永远是活着的，并一直是我精神上的支柱」译为The immortal art treasures will be my permanent spiritual prop, 其中 art treasures 是增添词，用来满足译文造句需要。又，「永远」和「一直」用immortal和permanent表示，从中文里的副词处理为英文里的形容词放在名词前面构成偏正短语，符合句意，简洁明了，值得学习。当我在异国遭到歧视的时候，当世界上其他国家的杰出艺术品令我敬仰的时候，当我气馁的时候，痛苦的时候……这几座气势磅礴的永恒的石头雕刻便总会呈现于我眼前。Whenever I am discriminated against in a foreign country, whenever I stand in awe before a foreign outstanding work of art, whenever I am disheartened, whenever I suffer agony…, these imperishable stone carvings of amazing grandeur will inevitably appear in my mind’s eye.🎈歧视……discriminate against…例句You should not discriminate against any race.你不该歧视任何种族。🎈whenever引导时间状语从句时，表示「每当，一……就……」，与when用法相似，但whenever语气更强烈；whenever引导让步状语从句时，表示「无论何时」，相当于at whatever time, no matter when。🎈「心目中、眼前」译作in my mind’s eye，是一种惯用表达，可以积累下。我久久徘徊于霍墓雕刻间，远看，浑然一体；近看，耐人寻味，在粗犷的斧凿中行走着蜿蜒的线。I loitered for quite a long while among the sculptures, which were an integrated mass when viewed from afar and very intriguing when scrutinized close by. Traceable among the rough marks of hatchet and chisel were delicate lines zigzagging.🎈from afar：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.🎈「在粗犷的斧凿中行走着蜿蜒的线」译为Traceable among the rough marks of hatchet and chisel were delicate lines zigzagging, 其中 delicate 是译文中的添加词，作「精细的」解，用以强调「粗中有细」的内涵。Zigzag也是形容词，所以这句话也可以译为Traceable among the rough marks of hatchet and chisel were zigzag lines.斯是顽石，却生意盎然，Insensate as they were, the carved stones were brimming with life and vigor.🎈Insensate as they were ：as引导让步状语从句时，句子要倒装，通常是把从句中的表语、状语或谓语动词放在句首。例句Much as I like English, I’m going to choose civil engineering as my major.虽然我很喜欢英语，但我还是打算选土木工程作为自己的专业。🎈充满、洋溢着be brimming with例句The hairs entwined in it will be brimming with her DNA.上面缠着的头发里全都是她的DNA。全世界的艺术家到此不能不肃然起敬！”我们的祖先比你强得多！” Artists from all over the world cannot help feeling awed when they visit this place. “Our forefathers did much better than you!”🎈cannot help doing something 忍不住做…🎈still、far、even、much等可以修饰比较级，意为「还要、更加」例句Tom’s handwriting is far better than yours.汤姆的字比你的好得多。It is still colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天还冷。我也许是继承了阿Q精神胜利的一面吧，但有了这样矗立在世界艺术史上的先祖爷爷，确是得天独厚。I declared, maybe affected by Ah Q’s philosophy of “spiritual victory”. We are indeed very lucky to have our forefathers standing tall and upright in the world history of art. 🎈我也许还继承了阿Q精神胜利的一面吧！可按「我也许受阿Q‘精神胜利’哲学的影响」译为 maybe affected by Ah Q，s philosophy of spiritual victory，其中 affected意同 influenced。be affected/influenced by sth.表示受某物影响。又，philosophy 作「人生哲学」「观点」等解。🎈阿Q是鲁迅创作的中篇小说《阿Q正传》中的主人公。阿Q是贫苦农民，受尽剥削压迫。他原以为革命就是造反，痛恨它，但当看到统治者在革命面前惊慌失措时，便要求参加革命，最终被杀。🎈阿Q精神是一种自我安慰的精神，学者概括为：就是阿Q的自嘲、自解，自我陶醉等种种表现。简言之，是使用精神胜利法进行自我安慰，或者即刻忘却。出自《阿Q正传》🎈standing tall and upright in the world history of art作forefathers的后置定语。这总是值得欣慰的！This is certainly a matter for rejoicing.🎈rejoicing表示「欣喜、高兴」1989年我重返巴黎，感慨万千。In 1989, while revisiting Paris, I felt all sorts of emotion surging up within me.🎈while revisiting Paris：while引导时间状语从句时，主从句主语一致，且从句谓语中有be动词时，从句省略主语和be动词。又，「重返」译作revisit（故地重游），用词非常准确巧妙。🎈「感慨万千」即「各种各样的情绪涌上心头」，现译作felt all sorts of emotion surging up within me。返回后，我怀着一种极其复杂的心情又一次去了西安，再一次瞻仰霍墓雕刻。在霍去病墓前，在秦俑坑前，在碑林博物馆的汉唐石雕前，我只想嚎啕痛哭。Back in China, when I paid another visited to Xi’an and the sculptures before Huo Qubing’s tomb. I was seized with mixed feelings. I just felt like crying with abandon as I stood once more before Huo’s tomb, before the Chin Dynasty terra cotta warriors and horses and before the Han Tang upright stone tablets bearing ancient inscriptions.🎈心情复杂was seized with mixed feelings🎈「我只想号啕痛哭」译为I just felt like crying with abandon，其中 with abandon 作「放任」「纵情」解。全句意同 I just felt like having a good cry。🎈秦俑坑、兵马俑（the Chin Dynasty） terra cotta warriors🎈bearing ancient inscriptions是tablets的后置定语。又，学习bear一词在此处的用法。老伴跟随我，还有那么多观众，我不敢哭。But I refrained from tears because I was then accompanied by my wife and surrounded by numerous spectators. 🎈 refrain from (doing) sth表示「不去做某事、避免做某事」例句Please refrain from smoking during the performance.演出时请勿吸烟。🎈老伴跟随我，还有那么多观众（在旁边）译作was then accompanied by my wife and surrounded by numerous spectators。欣赏译者选用的两个动词，「老伴」用的是accompany（陪），「一群观众」用的则是surround（围着），细节处理到位。哭什么？哭它太伟大了，哭老鹰的后代不会变成麻雀吧？Why did I feel like having a good cry? Because my motherland is so great and because of my fears about the descendants of the eagle turning out to be sparrows.🎈feel like 感觉，想要，欲例句I sometimes feel like screaming with frustration.我有时苦恼得真想要大喊大叫。🎈「哭老鹰的后代不会变成麻雀吧？」的含意是「因担忧老鹰的后代会变成麻雀而哭」可译为and because of my fears about the descendants of the eagle turning out to be sparrows 或 and because I am worried that the eagle might have sparrows as its descendants，其中my fears about 与 I am worried that 都是译文中的添加词，原文虽无其词而有其意。🔥必背词汇sacred adj.神圣的，上帝的，神的英义Something that is sacred is believed to be holy and to have a special connection with God.例句The owl is sacred for many Californian Indian people.对于很多加利福尼亚的印第安人而言，猫头鹰是圣物。homage un.尊敬，崇敬，敬意英义Homage is respect shown towards someone or something you admire, or to a person in authority.例句At his coronation he received the homage of kings from Wales, Northumbria and Scotland.在他的加冕典礼上，威尔士、诺森布里亚和苏格兰的国王向他宣誓效忠。🔥重点表达对….表达敬意pay homage to 终点站 terminal station往前赶路 hurry on with my journey 羊肠小径 a narrow footpath迫不及待做某事 lose no time in doing sth.我十分激动 I was beside myself with agitation.精神支柱 spiritual prop遭遇歧视 be discriminated against对…..敬畏/敬仰 stand in awe艺术品 work of art从远处看 view from afar从近处看 scrutinize close by斧凿hatchet and chisel生意盎然 be brimming with life and vigor矗立 stand tall and upright各种各样的 all sorts of 我感慨万千 I feel all sorts of emotion surging up within me再一次去某地 pay another visited to sp.我只想嚎啕大哭I just feel like crying with abandon/I just feel like having a good cry放任，放纵 with abandon秦俑坑terra cotta warriors and horses🔥复盘测试对….表达敬意终点站往前赶路羊肠小径迫不及待做某事我十分激动精神支柱遭遇歧视对…..敬畏/敬仰艺术品从远处看从近处看斧凿生意盎然矗立各种各样的我感慨万千再一次去某地我只想嚎啕大哭放任，放纵秦俑坑🔥表达对比「满是」有几种表达？斯是顽石，却生意（盎然）…Insensate as they were, the carved stones were brimming with life and vigor.他（充满了）悔恨。He was full of remorse.河岸上（充满生机），超乎我的想象。 The banks teem with more life than I thought possible.他（满怀）嫉妒和仇恨，他会进行慷慨激昂的长篇谴责性讲话，这些讲话总是要求弹劾凯普莱斯行为下流。 Imbued with jealousy and hatred, he would launch into impassioned tirades that invariably called for caprese to be impeached for reasons of impropriety.
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吴冠中《鸵鸟·孔雀·老鹰》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
