A White Butterfly ——Liu Baiyu🔥背景知识：刘白羽（1916-2005),北京人，现代著名小说家、散文家。他幼时当过学徒，14岁上学，1936年毕业于北平民国大学中文系，1938年到延安。整个解放战争期间任新华社随军记者，抗美援朝期间两次奔赴朝鲜成场，以军旅作家著称。新中国成立后，从事文化领导工作，同时仍致力于创作，作品丰硕，所著《芳草集》获全国优秀散文(集)奖。在名篇《白蝴蝶之恋》中，他通过对一只受伤的白蝴蝶的情感倾注，表达了对生命和大自然的热爱与关注。文章笔触委婉细腻，诗意浓郁。🎈文章题目「白蝴蝶之恋」可译为My Attachment to a White Butterfly或My Tender Care for a White Butterfly，现译A White Butterfly，取其简明。春意甚浓了，但在北方还是五风十雨，春寒料峭，Spring was very much in the air. In North China, however, the weather was agreeable but chilly.🎈五风十雨：五天刮一次风，十天下一场雨。形容风调雨顺。春寒料峭：微寒。形容初春的寒冷。现译作was agreeable but chilly（宜人却寒冷）。一阵暖人心意的春风刚刚吹过，又来了一片沁人心脾的冷雨。There was now a heart-warming spring wind, now a refreshing cold rain.🎈时而 … 时而 …now … now …李大钊《艰难的国运与雄健的国民》旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。A traveller on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road.我在草地上走着，忽然，在鲜嫩的春草上看到一只雪白的蝴蝶。As I was walking on a meadow, I suddenly saw a snow-white butterfly lying on the tender green grass.🎈snow-white是合成形容词，构词法为：「名词+形容词」。例句duty-free免税的self-satisfied自满的蝴蝶给雨水打落在地面上。沾湿的翅膀轻微地簌簌颤动着，张不开来。It had been struck down by rain and was now unable to open out its tremulous wet wings.🎈「给雨水打落在地面上」是中文被动语态的一种表现形式。🎈strike down击倒，撞倒一个长的很像但意思不同的表达：crack down on严厉打击、镇压例句Police are cracking down on drug dealers.警方正在严厉打击毒品贩子。它奄奄一息，即将逝去。It was on the point of dying.🎈「即将逝去」译作on the point of dyingon the point of 正要…的时候；在…之际例句I was on the point of posting the letter when I saw it didn’t have a stamp on it.我正准备寄信，突然发现上面没贴邮票。但它白得像一片小雪花，轻柔纤细，楚楚动人，多么可怜呀！Soft and slender and white like a snowflake, it looked so lovely and so pitiable.🎈Soft and slender and white like a snowflake：系动词be的现在分词作状语时，通常省略being。它从哪儿来？要飞向哪儿去？Where was it from? And where was it flying to?🎈fly to+地点：表明去向。我痴痴望着它。忽然像有一滴圣洁的水滴落在灵魂深处，我的心灵给一道白闪闪的柔软而又强烈的光照亮了。I stared at it blankly, feeling like a drop of holy water had suddenly fallen into the depth of my soul and a ray of dazzling light, white and soft, had lit up my heart.🎈「我痴痴望着它」意同「我呆呆地看着它」「我茫然凝视着它」等，可译为 I stared at it blankly 或vacantly。🎈 feel like是短语动词，作「如同」解。🎈white and soft 作light的后置定语，属补充语范畴。非限制性定语、非限制性同位语、分词作状语等都囊括在补充语的项下。其特征是有逗号与句子隔开，其功能是对句子中的某个词、短语或整个句子做补充解释。补充语本身可以是名词词组、形容词词组，也可以是一个分句。🎈 Lit is a past tense and past participle of lightlight up表示「照亮」巴金《做一个战士》我如果是一盏灯，这灯的用处便是照彻那多量的黑暗。If I were a lamp, it would be my duty to light up thick darkness.我弯下身，小心翼翼地把白蝴蝶捏起来，放在手心里。I bent down to gingerly pick it up with my fingers and placed it in the palm of my hand.🎈「我弯下身，小心翼翼地把白蝴蝶捏起来」译为I bent down to gingerly pick it up with my fingers。「捏起来」不能译为to pick it up with my hand，因「捏」的意思是「用手指夹」。又「小心翼翼」译为gingerly，意同very carefully或very cautiously。这已经冷僵了的小生灵发驀了，它的细细的脚动弹了一下，就歪倒在我的手中。The little creature, stiff with cold, looked shriveled up and, twitching its thin legs slightly, fell on its side in my palm.🎈冷僵了(be) stiff with cold冷得发抖quiver with cold 🎈枯萎、皱缩shriveled up🎈翻倒、歪倒（在一边）fell on its side我用口呵着气，送给它一丝温暖，蝴蝶渐渐甦醒过来。As I breathed on it to warm it up a bit, it came to gradually.🎈恢复知觉，苏醒 come to例句When he came to and raised his head he saw Barney.他苏醒过来，抬起头，看见了巴尼。它是给刚才那强暴的风雨吓懵了吧？It might have been scared stiff and out of its senses by the violent storm of a moment ago.🎈might have been是对过去情况的一种推测。🎈我们之前多次见过out of表示「出于、由于」的情况，但此处out of its senses并非这种用法，而是表示「状态的转变」，指「意识离体、失去意识」不过，它确实太纤细了，你看，那白茸茸的像透明的薄纱的翅膀，两根黑色的须向前伸展着，两点黑漆似的眼睛，几只像丝一样细的脚。It was very slim. Its gossamer-like wings were white, downy and transparent. Its two black feelers were stretched ahead. Its two eyes were pitch-black. Its legs were thin like thread.🎈「薄纱的翅膀」可译为gauzy wings，现译为gossamer-like wings，其中gossamer作「薄纱」解，是英国文学经典中常见用语。朱自清《匆匆》像游丝样的痕迹gossamer-like traces冰心《笑》好似游丝一般drifting in the air towards each other like gossamer🎈antenna, feeler, tentacleantenna：昆虫和甲壳类动物的触角，起感知作用，类似于猫的胡须feeler：同antenna，英语母语人士通常用antenna指代昆虫的触角，用feeler指代螃蟹等的触角tentacle：海洋动物的触角，起握住东西或感知的作用。（章鱼、螃蟹、蜗牛）🎈pitch-black是形容词，表示「漆黑的、乌黑的」A in pitch darkness/be pitch dark，惯用搭配，指「一片漆黑」可是，这纤细的小生灵，它飞翔出来是为了寻觅什么呢？What had led the feeble little creature to venture out on the wing.🎈venture是增译成分，表示「这小生灵构造如此脆弱，为何要冒险外出呢」，十分巧妙。venture capital风险资本，风险投资，创投venture capital exit mechanism创投退出机制在这阴晴不定的天气里，它表现出寻求者何等非凡的勇气。What unusual courage it had displayed in battling against the treacherous weather as a seeker!🎈此句为what引导的感叹句。它活过来了，我竟感到无限的喜悦。Its regained consciousness had brought me immeasurable joy.🎈「活过来」按「恢复意识」之意译作regained consciousness。其中，过去分词regained具有形容词性质。过去分词做形容词用，可以作定语、表语、宾补、状语等。例句作定语 a broken window 一个破窗户 the exploited class被剥削阶级作表语 He was very excited他很激动The window is broken. 那个窗户是破的作宾补 What he said made me excited. 他说的话使我很激动作状语 Determined to be famous ,he worked hard. 因为决心要出名，他努力工作这时，风过去了，雨也过去了。By now, the wind and rain had both left off.🎈现在；到目前为止；到如今by now🎈「风过去了，雨也过去了」合并译作「风和雨过去了」即可。🎈停止、中断leave off太阳用明亮的光辉照满宇宙，照满人间，一切都那样晶莹，那样明媚，The whole universe was basking in brilliant sunlight. Everything was bright and beautiful.🎈欣赏前半句对于主语的选择。又，bask in沐浴着（…的光辉）表达很亮眼。树叶由嫩绿变成深绿了，草地上开满小米粒那样黄的小花朵。The leaves had turned from light green to dark green. The meadow was studded all over with small yellow flowers as tiny as grains of millet.🎈turn from…to…表示一种状态的转变。说「小脸煞白」也可以用turn这个词，译作turn pale。🎈到处点缀着 was studded all over with。其中，studded也可换做bedecked。张晓风《我喜欢》我喜欢在春风中踏过窄窄的山径，草莓像个精致的红灯笼，一路殷勤地张结着。I love to saunter in the spring breeze on a narrow mountain path bedecked with strawberries growing graciously like delicate red lanterns.我把蝴蝶放在盛满阳光的一片嫩叶上。我向草地上漫步而去了。After placing the butterfly on a sun-bathed leaf, I turned to stroll down the meadow.🎈sun-bathed是合成形容词，构词法为「名词+过去分词」。例如state-owned/backed（国有的）。但我的灵魂里在呐喊——开始像很遥远、很遥远……，我还以为天空中又来了风、来了雨，后来我才知道就在我的心灵深处：你为什么把一个生灵弃置不顾？……Then I heard a very, very distant call and took it for the sound of wind and rain, but soon I realized it had come from the depth of my heart — a call demanding to know why I had recklessly cast away the poor little creature.🎈take…for…译为「把……（误）认为是…」例句Even the experts took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh.连行家都误以为这幅画是凡 · 高的真迹。🎈from the depth of my heart写作from the depth of my soul也是可以的。于是我折转身又走回去，又走到那株古老婆娑的大树那儿。Thereupon, I turned back and came to an ancient big tree swaying gently in the breeze.🎈此处come to不是前文提到的「苏醒」之意，后接成分，表示去向。🎈婆娑：盘旋舞动的样子。先处理为tree的后置定语swaying gently in the breeze。谁知那只白蝴蝶缓缓地、缓缓地在树叶上蠕动呢！To my great surprise, the butterfly was wriggling slightly on the leaf.🎈「谁知」蕴含（我）「居然、竟然」的惊喜之意，故译作To my great surprise。我不惊动它，只静静地看着。I watched silently, refraining from alarming it.🎈refraining from alarming it作伴随状语。其中refrain from doing sth表示「不去做某事、避免做某事」例句Please refrain from smoking during the performance.演出时请勿吸烟。阳光闪发着一种淡红色，在那叶片上颤悸、燃烧，于是带来了火、热、光明、生命，The sun was shining on the leaf with its reddish light, quivering and burning. It had brought fire, heat, light and life.🎈后缀-ish (加在形容词之后构成形容词)表示「稍带…的」「有点儿…的」「近乎……的」。例句childish孩子气的reddish略呈红色的thirtyish三十左右的雨珠给它晒干了，风沙给它扫净了，It had dried up the raindrops and swept away dust.🎈清除、一扫而空 sweep away例句Nahum’s smile swept away the air of apprehensive gloom.内厄姆的微笑一下子驱散了忐忑不安的忧伤气氛。那树叶像一片绿玻璃片一样透明、清亮。And the tree leaf looked like a piece of green glass, transparent and crystal-clear.🎈transparent and crystal-clear修饰green glass，表示一种伴随的状态。🎈crystal-clear指「(水等)清澈透明的」君子之交淡如水。The relationship between us is as pure as crystal.我那美丽的白蝴蝶呀！我那勇敢的白蝴蝶呀！它试了几次，终于一跃而起，展翅飞翔，O my beautiful white butterfly! O my courageous white butterfly! After trying several times, it finally managed to rise abruptly to its feet and spread its wings to fly.🎈manage to do sth表示「设法、努力（完成某事）」活泼伶俐地在我周围翩翩飞舞了好一阵，又向清明如洗的空中冉冉飞去，像一片小小的雪花，愈飞愈远，消失不见了。It circled agilely around me for quite a long time and then flew high into the cloudless skies like a tiny snowflake until it was out of sight.🎈「活泼伶俐地」按「灵活、灵巧」之意译作agilely。🎈out of sight消失在视野中这时，一江春水在我心头轻轻地荡漾了一下。Meanwhile, I got a bit sentimental.🎈「这时，一江春水在我心头轻轻地荡漾了一下」不宜直译，现结合上下文，按「这时，我忽然有些感伤」之意译为Meanwhile, I got a bit sentimental。在白蝴蝶危难时我怜悯它，I had taken pity on the white butterfly when it was in adversity.🎈take pity on +n.不忍心、怜悯、同情……🎈逆境中 in adversity例句the flower that blooms in adversity逆境中盛开的花朵可是当它真的自由翱翔而去时我又感到如此失落、怅惘，“唉！人啊人……”But now, as it was soaring freely way up into the sky, I experienced a feeling of loss and sadness. “Oh, how mentally fragile man is!…” I sighed.🎈「自由翱翔而去」译作soaring freely way up。其中，way up词性为作副词，表示「向上」例句But your stock went way up today.但是今天你身价见涨了。🎈‘唉！人啊人……’可参照上下文，按我叹息道，‘唉！人的情感是多么脆弱！……’译为Oh, how mentally fragile man is! … I sighed。我默默伫望了一阵，转身向青草地走去。I stood watching numbly for a long time, and then turned to stroll away on the meadow.🎈「伫望」即「伫+望」，现译作stood watching。🔥必背词汇stroll v.散步，溜达，闲逛英义If you stroll somewhere, you walk there in a slow, relaxed way.例句Afterwards, we strolled back, put the kettle on and settled down with the newspapers.然后，我们溜达回来，烧上水，又坐下看报纸。refreshing adj.沐浴或饮料使人精神焕发的，提神的，清凉的英义A refreshing bath or drink makes you feel energetic or cool again after you have been tired or hot.Herbs have been used for centuries to make refreshing drinks.草药用于调制提神饮品已有好几个世纪了。meadow n.草地，牧场英义A meadow is a field which has grass and flowers growing in it.例句water meadows (= near a river)岸边的草地bask v. 沉浸，沐浴（在赞美、关注等中）英义bask in sth to enjoy the good feelings that you have when other people praise or admire you, or when they give you a lot of attention例句He had always basked in his parents’ attention.他一直沉浸在父母的呵护中。snowflake n.雪花英义A snowflake is one of the soft, white bits of frozen water that fall as snow.例句Snowflakes are loose aggregates of ice crystals.雪花是冰晶的松散凝结。🔥重点表达一阵暖人心意的春风a heart-warming spring wind一片沁人心脾的冷雨a refreshing cold rain时而 … 时而 …now … now …一只雪白的蝴蝶a snow-white butterfly鲜嫩的春草the tender green grass即将逝去on the point of dying痴痴望着它stared at it blankly照亮light up弯下身bent down to 冷僵了(be) stiff with cold冷得发抖quiver with cold 枯萎、皱缩shriveled up翻倒、歪倒（在一边）fell on its side恢复知觉;苏醒 come to薄纱的翅膀gossamer-like wings阴晴不定的天气the treacherous weather无限的喜悦immeasurable joy停止、中断leave off草地上开满小米粒那样黄的小花朵The meadow was studded all over with small yellow flowers as tiny as grains of millet盛满阳光的一片嫩叶a sun-bathed leaf把……（误）认为是…take…for…清除、一扫而空 sweep away不忍心、怜悯、同情……take pity on +n.🔥复盘测试一阵暖人心意的春风一片沁人心脾的冷雨时而 … 时而 …一只雪白的蝴蝶鲜嫩的春草即将逝去痴痴望着它照亮弯下身冷僵了冷得发抖枯萎、皱缩翻倒、歪倒（在一边）恢复知觉;苏醒 薄纱的翅膀阴晴不定的天气无限的喜悦停止、中断草地上开满小米粒那样黄的小花朵盛满阳光的一片嫩叶把……（误）认为是…清除、一扫而空不忍心、怜悯、同情…… 🔥表达对比「濒临、即将」有几种表达？它奄奄一息，（即将）逝去。It was on the point of dying.她（恨不得）哭出来，但在人们个个向秋宝祝颂的日子，她又怎么好跟在人们底声音后面叫哭呢？She was on the verge of bursting into tears, but on such an occasion when everybody was celebrating Qiu bao’s birthday she knew she had to keep her emotions under control.罗马帝国（濒临）内爆。And the empire came very close to imploding.“我们濒临险境，”她警示道。“We are on the edge of a dangerous precipice, ” she warned.The business was collapsing due to $5 billion of debt.该公司由于50亿美元的债务而(濒临倒闭)。
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爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
