Sunrise at Sea巴金Ba Jin🔥背景知识：巴金的散文《海上的日出》是脍炙人口的写景名篇，文字简洁朴素，把海上日出的前后全过程作了绘声绘色的描述，使人读后有亲临其境之感。文章是作者1927年春乘船赴法国学习时所写。为了看日出，我常常早起。那时天还没有大亮，周围非常清静，船上只有机器的响声。I would often get up early to watch sunrise when it was not yet quite light and all was quiet except for the droning of the ship engine.🎈「机器的响声」译为the droning of the ship engine。「机器」在这里指轮船上的steam engine（蒸汽发动机），不宜泛泛译为machine，应译为engine。「响声」虽可译为the sound，但不如the droning合适，因the droning常用来表示机器的单调低沉的嗡嗡声。🎈关于Machine, machinery, mechanism, apparatus, engine, motor 的词义辨析，这些名词均有「机器，装置」之意。Machine: 普通用词，泛指一切机器。Machinery: 指机器的总称。Mechanism: 指运行系统，简单的机械装置。Apparatus: 指具有特殊用途的装置。Engine: 既可泛指或大或小、简单或复杂的机械、机器，又可指产生动力的发动机或引擎。Motor: 通常指小型或轻型马达、发动机。天空还是一片浅蓝，颜色很浅。The sky was pale with a bluish hue.🎈一片浅蓝：pale with a bluish hue转眼间天边出现了一道红霞，慢慢地在扩大它的范围，加强它的亮光。Soon a streak of pink dawn broke over the horizon, expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter.🎈「一道红霞」译为a streak of pink dawn或a rosy streak of dawn皆可。其中streak作「条纹」解。🎈expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter为非谓语动词表伴随状态。「慢慢地在扩大它的范围」并未逐字翻译，而是直接译为expanding gradually，原文的含义就已经体现出来了。我知道太阳要从天边升起来了，便不转眼地望着那里。Knowing that the sun was about to rise, I had my eyes fixed on the distant edge of the sea.🎈「天边」即「地平线」，指大海或陆地与天空接壤处，可译为the far horizon，今译the distant edge of the sea，指明是海天之交，并可避免在同一段中重复horizon一词，以做到地道简洁。遇到重复出现的词，我们可以换一种表达方式或者用代词来替代。果然过了一会儿，在那个地方出现了太阳的小半边脸，红是真红，却没有亮光。As expected, the sun soon appeared revealing half of its face, which was very red but not bright.🎈「果然过了一会儿」未进行直译，而意译为「正如所料」，as expected。🎈revealing half of its face为非谓语动词，which was very red but not bright为非限制性低于从句。这个太阳好像负着重荷似地一步一步、慢慢地努力上升，到了最后，终于冲破了云霞，完全跳出了海面，颜色红得非常可爱。It kept rising laboriously bit by bit as if weighted down with a heavy burden on its back until, after breaking through the rosy clouds, it completely emerged from the sea aglow with a lovely red.🎈「一步一步、慢慢地努力上升」译为rising laboriously bit by bit，其中laboriously意为费力的。🎈Red此处为名词，红颜色。一刹那间，这个深红的圆东西，忽然发出了夺目的亮光，射得人眼睛发痛，它旁边的云片也突然有了光彩。Then, before I knew it, the dark red orb began to shine blazingly, dazzling my eyes until they stung and all of a sudden lighting up the surrounding clouds.🎈「一刹那间，这个深红的圆东西……」译为before I knew it, the dark red orb……，其中before I knew it（或before I knew where I was、before I was aware of it）作「一刹那间」解，与in the twinkling of an eye或soon等同义。🎈如把「圆东西」直译为round object，则嫌乏味，缺少形象，不如orb（球状物，日月等天体）或disc（圆盘）等确切。🎈「射得人眼睛发痛」译为dazzling my eyes until they stung，意即dazzling my eyes so that they felt a sudden sharp pain，其中until（或till）不作「直到……为止」解，而作「以至于……」解，等于to the point that…，so that finally…，and at last…等。有时太阳走进了云堆中，它的光线却从云里射下来，直射到水面上。这时候要分辨出哪里是水，哪里是天，倒也不容易，因为我就只看见一片灿烂的亮光。Sometimes, hidden by the clouds, the sun nonetheless shed its rays straight onto the seawater, making it difficult for me to distinguish between the sky and the sea because what I saw in front of me was nothing but a wide expanse of dazzling brilliance.🎈「走进了云堆中」意即「在云后面」，故译为hidden by the clouds。🎈「这时候要分辨出哪里是水，哪里是天，倒也不容易，因为我就只看见一片灿烂的亮光。」译为making it difficult for me to distinguish between the sky and the sea because what I saw in front of me was nothing but a wide expanse of dazzling brilliance，其中making it difficult… 为非谓语动词作结果状语，十分自然地将两句句子连成一句。🎈只有：nothing but有时天边有黑云，而且云片很厚，太阳出来，人眼还看不见。Sometimes, with thick layers of dark clouds hanging in the sky, the sun was hardly visible to the naked eye.🎈with thick layers of dark clouds hanging in the sky为with+宾语+非谓语动词。回顾一下该结构：With+宾语+不定式通常表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或在当时看来尚未发生。例句With all this work to do, I won’t have time to go out.有这么多工作要做，我就没有时间出去了。With+宾语+现在分词指动作正在进行或在当时看来已是一种在持续的状态。例句He soon fell asleep with the light still burning.灯还亮着他很快就睡着了。注意：正如进行时态有时可以表示将来意义一样，有时“现在分词”也可表示将来意义。例句With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.冬天就要到了，该买暖和衣裳了。With+宾语+过去分词指与其前的名词或代词为被动关系。例句She sat with her head bent.她低着头坐在那里。然而太阳在黑云里放射的光芒，透过黑云的重围，替黑云镶了一道发光的金边。But its radiance managed to show through the dark clouds to edge them with golden lace.🎈「透过黑云」译为managed to show through the dark clouds，其中show through是动词短语，意即be visible behind，也可换用动词penetrate来表达。后来太阳才慢慢地冲出重围，出现在天空，甚至把黑云也染成了紫色或者红色。Then, after gradually breaking through the tight encirclement, it came into full view and even dyed the dark clouds purple or scarlet.🎈tight encirclement意为重围。🎈「冲出重围，出现在天空」此时的太阳是完全展露出来的，所以译为came into full view。这时候发亮的不仅是太阳、云和海水，连我自己也成了明亮的了。At the moment, apart from the sun, the clouds and the seawater, I too was luminous.🎈「不仅是太阳、云和海水」意即「除了太阳、云和海水，还有」，故译为apart from the sun, the clouds and the seawater。这不是很伟大的奇观么？Wasn’t that a marvellous spectacle?🎈一个很伟大的奇观：a marvellous spectacle🔥必背词汇streak n. 色条; 条痕; 斑纹英义a coloured line, especially one that is not straight or has been made accidentally例句Sue has blonde streaks in her hair.休的头发里夹杂着几缕金发。weight v. 在…上加重量；使负重；(用重物)固定英义to attach a weight to sth in order to keep it in the right position or make it heavier例句The fishing nets are weighted with lead. 这些渔网是靠铅坠下沉的。 orb n. 球体；(尤指)日，月 英义an object shaped like a ball, especially the sun or moon 例句The moon’s round orb would shine high in the sky, casting its velvety light on everything.圆盘似的月亮会高悬在夜空中，将柔和的月光洒向人间万物。shed v. 散发出光；把光照到(或洒在)…上英义to send light over sth; to let light fall somewhere 例句The candles shed a soft glow on her face. 蜡烛在她的脸上映着一层柔光。 scarlet adj. 猩红的；鲜红的英义bright red in colour例句She went scarlet with embarrassment.她窘得满脸通红。 🔥重点词汇天还没有大亮 not quite light机器的响声 the droning of the ship engine浅蓝色 pale with a bluish hue一道红霞 a streak of rosy dawn= a rosy streak of dawn 出现在天边break over the horizon加强光亮 become brighter and brighter要从天边升起 be about to rise不转眼地望着天边 have one’s eyes fixed on the distant edge of the sea出现了它的小半边脸 reveal half of its face很红却没有亮光 very red but not bright慢慢地努力上升 keep rising laboriously bit by bit 负着重荷 weight down with a heavy burden on its back冲破云霄 break through the rosy clouds完全跳出了海面 completely emerge from the sea 发出夺目的亮光 shine blazingly忽然 all of a sudden光线从云里射下来，直射到水面 shed its rays straight onto the seawater分辨哪里是水哪里是天 distinguish between the sky and the sea只看见一片灿烂的亮光 nothing but a wide expanse of dazzling brilliance人眼看不见 be hardly invisible to the naked eye镶一道发光的金边 edge them with golden lace慢慢冲出重围 gradually break through the tight encirclement把黑云染成了紫色或红色 dye the dark clouds purple or scarlet 很伟大的奇观 a marvellous spectacle 🔥复盘练习天还没有大亮机器的响声浅蓝色一道红霞出现在天边加强光亮要从天边升起不转眼地望着天边出现了它的小半边脸很红却没有亮光慢慢地努力上升负着重荷冲破云霄完全跳出了海面发出夺目的亮光忽然光线从云里射下来，直射到水面分辨哪里是水哪里是天只看见一片灿烂的亮光人眼看不见镶一道发光的金边慢慢冲出重围把黑云染成了紫色或红色很伟大的奇观🔥表达对比关于「突然、转眼间」的表达转眼间天边出现了一道红霞，慢慢地在扩大它的范围，加强它的亮光。Soon a streak of pink dawn broke over the horizon, expanding gradually and becoming brighter and brighter.一刹那间，这个深红的圆东西，忽然发出了夺目的亮光，射得人眼睛发痛，Then, before I knew it, the dark red orb began to shine blazingly, dazzling my eyes until they stung 它旁边的云片也突然有了光彩。and all of a sudden lighting up the surrounding clouds.有几夜，她抱着秋宝在睡梦中突然喊起来，秋宝也被吓醒，哭起来了。Sometimes at night, sleeping with Qiu Bao at her bosom, she would suddenly wake up from her dreams and scream until the child too would awake and start crying.有谁未曾享受过开窗的喜悦呢？打开窗子，突然见到青山闯了进来，打开窗子，看到柳色的清新，小燕的飞来……Who hasn’t experienced great delight in opening a window? The moment you open it, you will be immediately struck by imposing blue mountains, fresh green willows, little swallows flying towards you…与其做一个活死人，在世上活上一百岁，还不如活上一刹那后，立刻就死的好。Friends, to die a hero’s death is to die an instant death — a most stirring moment in one’s life.我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢？I have come to this world stark naked, and in the twinkling of an eye, I am to go back as stark naked as ever.我不敢想象那三个少女离开房间时行礼的一瞬间的心情。I couldn’t imagine how the three girls had felt the moment they bowed to us on leaving the room.
帕布莉卡
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巴金《再忆萧珊》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
