First Love周作人Zhou Zuoren🔥背景知识：周作人（1885-1968），号知堂，原籍浙江绍兴，是现代散文家。《初恋》是他的早期作品，写于1922年9月。作者当时的小品散文大多情怀平淡、闲适，取词琐碎，文字质朴，独成一派。《初恋》是反映这种情调与风格的代表作之一。那时我十四岁，她大约是十三岁吧。I was then 14, and she about 13.🎈she about 13与前句结构相同，可省略be动词。 我跟着祖父的妾宋姨太太寄寓在杭州的花牌楼，间壁住着一家姚姓，她便是那家的女儿，I was living with grandpa’s concubine Song in our temporary home in Hua-Pai-Lou, Hangzhou. The little girl was our next-door neighbour Yao’s daughter.🎈「我跟着祖父的妾宋姨太太寄寓在杭州的花牌楼」本可译为I was living with grandpa’s concubine Song away from home in Hua-Pai-Lou, hangzhou，但因away from home in Hua-Pai-Lou, hangzhou有可能被误解为「离开杭州花牌楼老家而寄居在外」，应改译为I was living with grandpa’s concubine Song in our temporary home in Hua-Pai-Lou, Hangzhou. 通过temporary home一词表「寄寓」之意。她本姓杨，住在清波门头，大约因为行三，人家很称她作三姑娘。She had originally been the daughter of a Yang family in Qing-Bo-Men-Tou. As she was the third child of the family, people often called her San-Gu-Niang.🎈「她…因为行三」即「她…因为在兄弟姐妹中排行第三」，可译为As she was the third child of the family或As she was the third among her siblings等。姚家老夫妇没有子女，便认她做干女儿，The old Yaos had no children of their own, so they took her as their goddaughter.🎈「干女儿」即goddaughter拓展亲闺女 real daughter、biological daughter继女 step daughter养女 foster daughter干女儿 kin daughter一个月里有二十多天住在他们家里，Hence she put up with the Yaos for more than 20 days per month. 🎈put up with为忍受之意，此处可根据语境理解为她和姚家人一起居住（因为住在一起必定要接受彼此的小习惯小缺点）。宋姨太太和远邻的羊肉店石家的媳妇虽然很说得来，与姚宅的老妇却感情很坏，彼此都不交口，Though Concubine Song was very friendly with the daughter-in-law of a distant neighbour named Shi, who owned a mutton shop, she was not on speaking terms with old Mrs. Yao next-door.🎈「很说得来」意即「他们之间的交谈十分友好」，故译为friendly。🎈who owned a mutton shop为非限制性定语从句，修饰Shi。但是三姑娘并不管这些事，仍旧推进门来游嬉。San-Gu-Niang, however, didn’t care about all that. She would push our door open and enter to have fun.🎈「并不管这些事」意即「并不介意这些事」，故译为care about all that。她大抵先到楼上去，同宋姨太太搭讪一回，随后走下楼来，站在我同仆人阮升公用的一张板桌旁边，She would first go upstairs to have a little chat with Concubine Song, and then, after coming downstairs, stand beside the wooden table, which I used to share with our servant Ruan Sheng,🎈「搭讪一回」意即「闲聊几句」，并不是撩妹的意思，故译为have a little chat。🎈which… Ruan Sheng同为非限制性定语从句，修饰the wooden table。抱着名叫“三花”的一只大猫，看我映写陆润庠的木刻的字帖。to watch me practising handwriting after a wood-cut copybook for calligraphy by Lu Runxiang, carrying in her arms a big cat named San Hua.🎈「抱着名叫“三花”的一只大猫」是她当时的一个状态，所以此处译作伴随状语carrying in her arms a big cat named San Hua。🎈「看我映写陆润庠的木刻的字帖」译为practising handwriting after a wood-cut copybook for calligraphy by Lu Runxiang，其中介词after作「仿照」「以…为模仿对象」等解。在翻译中，很多时候，英语介词都会充当中文中的动词作用，小伙伴们可以在外刊阅读中好好体会一下，争取在自己的译文里也能灵活运用介词！🎈to …. Lu Runxiang表达站木桌子旁的目的，carrying … San Hua为表状态的独立主格。我不曾和她谈过一句话，也不曾仔细的看过她的面貌与姿态。I didn’t get into any conversation with her, and nor did I ever dwell my eyes on her face and bearing🎈「也不曾仔细的看过她的面貌与姿态」可译为and nor did I ever dwell my eyes on her face and bearing或and nor did I ever take a close look at her face and bearing。短语to dwell one’s eyes on的意思是「凝视」「细看」等。大约我在那时已经很是近视，但是还有一层缘故，虽然非意识的对于她很是感到亲近，一面却似乎为她的光辉所掩，抬不起眼来去端详她了。— perhaps due to my myopia. But there was another reason for it. Though unconsciously attracted by her, I felt meanwhile so overshadowed by her brilliance that I just could’t lift my eyes to take a close look at her.🎈「非意识的对于她很是感到亲近」意即「在非意识的情况下，被她吸引」，故译为unconsciously attracted by her。🎈so…that 如此…以至于在此刻回想起来，仿佛是一个尖面庞，乌眼睛，瘦小身材，而且有尖小的脚的少女，并没有什么殊胜的地方，As far as I can now remember, she seemed to be a little girl with delicate features, black eyes, slender figure and small feet, and have nothing especially appealing.🎈「尖面庞」不宜直接译为pointed face或sharp face，因两者均缺乏美感。现按「纤细的面貌」译为delicate features。「尖小的脚」如此，译为small feet即可。🎈「并没有什么殊胜的地方」意即「并没有什么特别突出，特别吸引我的地方」，故译为have nothing especially appealing。🎈something/anything… +adj.例句something interesting anything appealing 但在我的性的生活里总是第一个人，使我于自己以外感到对于别人的爱着，引起我没有明了的性之概念的，对于异性的恋慕的第一个人了。But she was the first person of the opposite sex that had caught my notice. The first person that had made me love somebody else as much as myself. The first person that had made me sexually aware. The first person that had aroused my adoration for the opposite sex.🎈「我的性的生活里总是第一个人」不应理解为「……与之有性关系的第一个女人」，现按「第一个引起我注意的异性」译为she was the first person of the opposite sex that had caught my notice。我在那时候当然是“丑小鸭”，自己也是知道的，但是终不以此而减灭我的热情。Of course I knew then I was nothing but an “Ugly Duckling”, but that didn’t damp down my passion.🎈「nothing but」意为「只不过…，除了…以外什么也没有」。补充anything but 决不，根本不all but 几乎，差一点none but 只有；除……外谁也不例句The excavators have dredged up nothing but mud. 挖掘者只挖出了一些泥。The problem is anything but easy. 这个问题绝不容易。The job is all but finished. 这工作差不多完成了。None but a real Princess could have had such a delicate sense of feeling. 除真正的公主以外，任何人都不会有这么敏锐的感觉。 每逢她抱着猫来看我写字，我便不自觉的振作起来，用了平常所无的努力去映写，感着一种无所希求的迷蒙的喜乐。Whenever she came to watch me practise calligraphy with the cat in her arms, I would hearten up unwittingly and go about my job with redoubled effort and inexplicable joy in my heart.🎈「无所希求的迷蒙的喜乐」意即「我对她无所求，纯粹，难以言表的喜欢」，意译出inexplicable joy in my heart。并不问她是否爱我，或者也还不知道自己是爱着她，I didn’t bother whether she loved me or not, and nor did I know whether I myself was in love with her or not. 🎈回顾一下whether和if的用法区别：互换的场合引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，两者可互换例句He asked if/ whether we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝一杯。注意若是引导条件状语从句，则只能用if（意为“如果”）。通常用if的场合当引导一个否定的宾语从句时，通常用if而不用whether例句I don’t care if it doesn’t rain. 我不在乎天是否下雨。注意在个别词语（如wonder, not sure等后）的从句否定有时也可用whether来引导。例句I wonder if/ whether he isn’t mistaken.我想知道他是否错了。通常用whether的场合1）引导主语从句且放在句首例句Whether he will come is still a question.他是否回来还是个问题。注意若在句首使用形式主语，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用if来引导。例句It was not know whether/ if he would come.不知他是否会来。2）引导表语从句例句The question is whether we should go on with the work.问题是我们是否应该继续这项工作。3）引导宾语从句且放在句首例句Whether he is single I don’t know.他是否单身，我不知道。4）引导让步状语从句例句Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that.无论他同不同意，我都要那样做。5）与or连用分别引导两个从句时例句I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.我不知道是他错了还是她错了。注意or若不是引导两个从句，而是连接两个词或短语，则也可用if（但不如whether常见）例句He didn’t know if/whether we should write or phone.他不知道我们是写信好还是打电话好。6）用于不定式前例句I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不知是留还是去。7）用于介词之后例句It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。8）直接与or not连用例句I will write to you whether or not I can come.我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。9）在某些动词后（如discuss等）通常只用whether例句We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我们讨论了是否要开一个会。总之对于她的存在感到亲近喜悦，并且愿为她有所尽力，这是当时实在的心情，也是她所给我的赐物了。Nevertheless, when she was around, I felt happy and desired to do all I could for her. That was my real state of mind, and that was also something bestowed on me by her.🎈bestowed on me by her为后置定语修饰something。在她是怎样不能知道，自己的情绪大约只是淡淡的一种恋慕，始终没有想到男女关系的问题。I didn’t know how she felt, but as for me, it was just a feeling of adoration, and there was no thought of anything having to do with sexual relations at all.🎈「在她是怎样不能知道」意即「我并不知道她是怎么想的」，故译为I didn’t know how she felt。有一天晚上，宋姨太太忽然又发表对于姚姓的憎恨，末了说道：One evening, Concubine Song suddenly burst into another fit of abuse at the Yaos and ended it up with,🎈「宋姨太太忽然又发表对于姚姓的憎恨」意即「宋姨太太忽然又破口大骂姚家的人」，故译Concubine Song suddenly burst into another fit of abuse at the Yaos，其中burst into作「发作」解。“阿三那小东西，也不是好货，将来总要流落到拱辰桥去做婊子的。”“That Goddam Ah San! She’s no good either. She’s sure to end up a whore some day in Gong-Chen-Qiao.”🎈「阿三那小东西」本可译为Ah San the slut或Ah San the dirty bitch等，现译为That Goddam Ah San，较切合原文。我不很明白做婊子这些是什么事情，但当时听了心里想道：“她如果真是流落做了，我必定去救她出来。”I didn’t quite understand what was meant by becoming a whore. However, I said to myself, “If she should really be reduced to a whore, I’ll definitely come to her rescue.”🎈「她如果真是流落做了」意即「她若是真的沦落到做婊子的地步」，故译为If she should really be reduced to a whore，其中使用了虚拟语气。大半年的光阴这样的消费过了。More than six months went by.🎈go by 时间流逝，过去例句My grandmother was becoming more and more sad and frail as the years went by.随着时间的流逝，我的祖母变得日益伤感和虚弱。到了七八月里因为母亲生病，我便离开杭州回家去了。In July or August of that year, I left Hangzhou for home to see my ailing mother.🎈「母亲生病」进行了偏正转换生病的母亲，译为my ailing mother。一个月以后，阮升告假回去，顺便到我家里，说起花牌楼的事情，说道：One month later, Servant Ruan Sheng incidentally paid me a visit while he was on leave. In referring to the state of affairs in Hua-Pai-Lou, he said,🎈顺便到访 pay sb a visit incidentally 🎈refer的含义有 提到；参考；涉及；指的是“杨家的三姑娘患霍乱死了。”“San-Gu-Niang of the Yang family died of cholera.”🎈die of和die from 的区别die of：死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因）例句die of heart trouble 死于心脏病die from：死因由环境造成的（主要是指事故等方面的外部原因）例句die from an earthquake 死于地震我那时也很觉得不快，想象她的悲惨的死相，但同时却又似乎很是安静，仿佛心里有一块大石头已经放下了。I, too, felt very sad, picturing in my mind her tragic death, but, meanwhile, somehow remained very calm like a big stone weighing on my heart had been removed.🎈「但同时却又似乎很是安静，仿佛心里有一块大石头已经放下了」译为but, meanwhile, somehow remained very calm like a big stone weighing on my heart had been removed，其中like用作as if。🎈picturing in my mind her tragic death为非谓语动词作状语。🎈weighing on my heart为后置状语，修饰a big stone🔥必背词汇dwell on v. 细看；凝视英义to look at sth for a long time myopia n. 近视英义the inability to see things clearly when they are far away 近义词short sight , short-sightedness 例句Does myopia have resumptive possibility 300 degree?近视300度有恢复的可能性吗？delicate adj. 优美的，优雅的英义a part of the body that is delicate is attractive and graceful例句Her wrists and ankles were slim and delicate.她的手腕和脚踝长得纤细又优雅。damp down v. 抑制，控制(情绪、感情等) 英义to make an emotion or a feeling less strong例句to damp down their enthusiasm给他们的热情泼冷水unwittingly adv. 糊里糊涂地；茫然；无意地英义without being aware of what you are doing or the situation that you are involved in例句She had broken the law unwittingly, but still she had broken it. 她并非故意犯法，但毕竟是犯了法。 bestow v.给予；授予；献给英义to give sth to sb, especially to show how much they are respected例句It was a title bestowed upon him by the king. 那是国王赐给他的头衔。fit n. 〔感情的〕冲动，一阵发作英义when you feel an emotion very strongly and cannot control your behaviour例句She killed him in a fit of temper.她一怒之下杀了他。cholera n. 霍乱英义a serious disease that causes sickness and sometimes death. It is caused by eating infected food or drinking infected water.🔥重点词组行三 the third child of one’s family= the third among one’s siblings仔细看她的面貌与姿态 dwell one’s eyes on her face and bearing端详某人 take a close look at sb.尖面庞 delicate features只有 nothing but减灭我的热情 damp down my passion 不自觉地振作起来 hearten up unwittingly无所希求的快乐 inexplicable joy 心境 state of mind忽然破口大骂 burst into another fit of abuse拯救某人 come to one’s rescue顺便拜访某人 pay sb a visit incidentally死于霍乱 die of cholera 和远邻的羊肉店石家的媳妇很说的来 be very friendly with the daughter-in-law of a distant neighbor named Shi推门来嬉戏 push our door open and enter to have fun同宋姨太太搭讪一会 have a little chat with Concubine Song由于近视due to myopia为她的光辉所掩 be overshadowed by her brilliance没有什么殊胜的地方 have nothing especially appealing愿为她有所尽力 feel desired to do all I could do for her想象她悲惨的死相 picture in my mind her tragic death 🔥复盘测试行三仔细看她的面貌与姿态端详某人尖面庞只有减灭我的热情不自觉地振作起来无所希求的快乐心境忽然破口大骂拯救某人顺便拜访某人死于霍乱和远邻的羊肉店石家的媳妇很说的来推门来嬉戏 同宋姨太太搭讪一会 由于近视为她的光辉所掩 没有什么殊胜的地方 愿为她有所尽力 想象她悲惨的死相🔥表达对比关于「亲近」的不同译法虽然非意识的对于她很是感到亲近，一面却似乎为她的光辉所掩，抬不起眼来去端详她了。Though unconsciously attracted by her, I felt meanwhile so overshadowed by her brilliance that I just could’t lift my eyes to take a close look at her.总之对于她的存在感到亲近喜悦，并且愿为她有所尽力，这是当时实在的心情，也是她所给我的赐物了。Nevertheless, when she was around, I felt happy and desired to do all I could for her. That was my real state of mind, and that was also something bestowed on me by her.旧的家，渐渐地在她底脑子里疏远了，而眼前，却一步步地亲近她使她熟悉。The young woman’s thoughts of her old home gradually faded as she became better and better acquainted with what went on in her new one. 我也常得亲近父亲的许多好友，如萨镇冰先生，黄赞侯先生。I also often had the opportunity of meeting many good friends of my father’s, among them Mr. Sa Zhenbing and Mr. Huang Zanhou.
帕布莉卡
朗读这篇文章
周作人《初恋》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
