Happy Death –Lu Wenfu 🔥背景知识：作者陆文夫（1927-2005）是小说家。此文写于1985年4月，是一篇有很强现实针对性的杂感，作者以辛辣的笔调调侃当前有些作家终日沉溺于社会活动、不务正业的现象。作家有三种死法。一曰自然的死，二曰痛苦的死，三曰快乐的死。A writer can die three kinds of death: natural death, painful death, happy death. 🎈…死亡 die … death 自然死亡 die a/his/… natural death例句Pettigrew died a hero’s death. 小矮星彼得死的英雄。 自然的死属于心脏停止跳动，是一种普遍的死亡形式，没有特色，可以略而不议。Natural death, caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat, is a common form of death with no characteristics of its own, and therefore may as well be left out without any comment.🎈「心脏停止跳动」译为the discontinuation of heartbeat，其中discontinuation也可译为absence或stoppage等。又，heartbeat在此为不可数名词，故前面不用冠词。 🎈caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat ：现代语法把对某个词、短语或句子作解释补充的成分，称为补充语（supplement）。补充语包括插入语在内，但不限于插入语。非限制性定语、非限制性同位语、分词作状语等都囊括在补充语的项下。其特征是有逗号与句子隔开，其功能是对句子中的某个词、短语或整个句子做补充解释。🎈排除，不包括，不考虑，省去，遗漏 leave out例句If you prefer mild flavours reduce or leave out the chili. 如果喜欢清淡的口味，可少放或不放辣椒。快乐的死和痛苦的死不属于心脏停止跳动，是人还活着，作品已经、或几乎是没有了！In the case of happy death and painful death, which are not caused by the discontinuation of heartbeat, the writer, alive as he is, has stopped or almost stopped writing! 🎈in case of(≈if) 要是，万一，如果in the case of（≈when）在……情况下🎈alive as he is：as引导的让步状语从句通常用倒装结构，这种倒装通常是把从句中的表语、状语或者谓语动词放在句首。作家没有了作品，可以看作是个人艺术生命的死亡、职业的停顿。其中有些人是因为年事已高，力不从心。When a writer no longer produces any works, it is tantamount to the death of his artistic life or the end of his career. Some writers lay down their pens because they are too old to be equal to the task.🎈等于，等同，好比是 is tantamount to例句So, what if you’re the kind of person whom any bit of social acrobatics is tantamount to entering a lions dance? 所以，万一你就是在任何社交活动都感到像是羊入虎口的人，该怎么办呢？🎈「年事已高，力不从心」译为too old to be equal to the task，其中to be equal to的意思是to have enough strength for。复习《时间即生命》中：「但体力渐衰，有力不从心之感」译为because of my approaching senility, somehow I failed to do what I had wished to，其中senility指因年迈而导致身心两个方面的衰退。这不是艺术的死亡，而是艺术的离休，他自己无可自责，社会也会尊重他在艺术上曾经作出的贡献。We call it retirement from art rather than death of art. They have nothing to blame themselves for. And society at large will pay tribute to the contributions they have already made to art. 🎈对……应负责任，应该为某事负责be blamed for…例句Beer is also blamed for yobbish behavior.啤酒会产生暴力事件。🎈「社会也会尊重」译为society at large will pay tribute to。其中，短语at large作in general解，用来强调society，意即「整个社会」，pay tribute to意为「向……致敬」。痛苦的死亡却不然，即当一个作家的体力和脑力还能胜任创作的时候，作品已经没有了，其原因主要是由于各种苦难和折磨（包括自我折磨）所造成。Painful death is quite another matter. It occurs when a writer abandons writing even though he is still sound in mind and body. It results mainly from various kinds of sufferings and torments (including self-inflicted torments).🎈却不然→（完全）是另一回事，现译为is quite another matter。🎈区分even if和even though1、even if用来引导虚拟语气、假定句子、或不见得真实的情况。引导的从句是往往是假设性的。2、even though指的是既定的、大家公认的事实；引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息。🎈「体力和脑力」译为in mind and body，也可译为mentally and physically。 折磨毁了他的才华，苦难消沉了意志，作为人来说他还活着，作为作家来说却正在或已死去。这种死亡他自己感到很痛苦，别人看了心里也很难受。Torments ruin his talent while sufferings demoralize him. Though still alive as a man, he is dying or already dead as a writer. This kind of death causes not only much pain to the writer himself, but much sadness to other people as well. 🎈while作连词，表示「两件事同时发生」，意为「当……的时候；在……时」🎈Though still alive as a man: 在if, when, though在以if, when, though, although, as, as if等连词引导的从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可将主语和动词be省掉。快乐的死亡却很快乐，不仅他自己感到快乐，别人看来也很快乐。昨天看见他大会上做报告，下面掌声如雷；今天又看见他参加宴会，为这为那地频频举杯。Happy death is a joyful thing, bringing happiness to both the writer himself and other people. Yesterday we saw him addressing a big meeting amidst thunderous applause, and today we saw him attending a banquet, drinking nonstop to this and that.🎈bringing happiness to…作伴随状语。🎈address作动词，可指「作正式讲话、发表演说」🎈「为这为那地频频举杯」译为drinking nonstop this and that，也可译为proposing repeated toasts to this and that。其中nonstop意同now and then或again and again等，但略带讽刺味道。🎈将we saw……句式换作he was seen……也可以。昨天听见他在高朋中大发议论，语惊四座，今天又听见他在那些开不完的座谈会上重复昨天的意见。昨天看见他在北京的街头，今天又看见他飞到了广州……只是看不到或很少看到他的作品发表哪里。Yesterday we heard him talking volubly to a gathering of distinguished guests, capturing the attention of all present, and today we heard him repeating himself at one of those endless forums. Yesterday we met him on a Beijing street, and today we saw him flying to Guangzhou… But never or very seldom do we find his new works seeing the light of day. 🎈高朋：是对友人的敬称，尤指贵宾。（出自唐·王勃《滕王阁序》：“十旬休假,胜友如云；千里逢迎，高朋满座”。）现译作a gathering of distinguished guests。其中，distinguished guests是（口译）开场辞中的常用表达，例如：「尊敬的各位来宾」就可套用此表达，注意积累套话。🎈语惊四座→使在座各位惊讶→引起了在座各位的注意，故译作capturing the attention of all present。🎈反复说;说话反反复复 repeat oneself 英义If you repeat yourself, you say something which you have said before, usually by mistake.例句Then he started rambling and repeating himself. 他接下来就开始不着边际、说话来回重复了。🎈never or very seldom do we find…: 否定词及含有否定意义的词在句首，句子要部分倒装（只将助动词置于主语前，谓语其余部分置于主语后）。🎈我们常说「作品问世」，此处「发表作品」也作此理解，现译为：find his new works seeing the light of day。其中，see the light of day为「问世，见天日，完成」之意。 例句①CDC scientists were told it would “never see the light of day”. CDC的科学家们被告知这份报告将永无见天日的可能。②40 percent of those never end up seeing the light of day. 40%的项目永远没有完成过。我不害怕自然的死，因为害怕也没用，人人不可避免。我也不太害怕痛苦的死，因为那时代已经过去。我最害怕的就是那快乐的死，毫无痛苦，十分热闹，甚至还有点轰轰烈烈。I do not fear natural death for nobody can avoid it, hence no use fearing. Nor do I fear painful death for it is something belonging to a bygone age. What I fear most is happy death, which is absolutely painless and full of bustle, excitement and even dramatic spectacle.🎈……无用no use+ doing。常见的句型为：There’s/ It’s no use +V-ing…🎈「因为那时代已经过去」→「（痛苦的死）属于那已经过去的时代」，故译为it is something belonging to a bygone age。其中bygone age指建国后的一段极左时期，包括「文革」时期。🎈轰轰烈烈：形容声势浩大，气魄宏伟。现译为dramatic spectacle。其中dramatic可表示程度。自己很难控制，即很难控制在一定的范围之内。因为我觉得喝酒不一定完全是坏事，少喝一点可以舒筋活血，据说对心血管也是有帮助的。It is difficult to exercise self-control, that is, difficult to keep within limits. Drinking is, to my mind, not always bad because a few spots may help blood circulation and is, as they say, good for the heart and blood vessels.🎈换言之，即，就是 that is (to say)🎈据说 It’s said that…/ as they say作家不能当隐士，适当的社会活动和文学活动可以开阔眼界，活跃思想，对创作也是有帮助的。可是怎么才能不酗酒、不作酒鬼，这有益的定量究竟是多少呢？Being no hermit, a writer stands to benefit in writing as long as he gets properly involved with social and literary activities to widen his field of vision and stimulate his thinking. But how can he avoid excessive drinking or becoming of a drunkard? What is the safety limit in this respect?🎈「对创作也是有帮助的」译为stands to benefit in writing，其中stands作「处于某种状态」（to be in a particular state）解。🎈开阔眼界，拓宽领域broaden sb.’s horizonswiden one’s field of vision🎈欣赏译者在处理「作家不能当隐士……对创作也是有帮助的」一句时的句式结构调整。🎈(在这方面，从这个角度看)in this respect是译者的补充成分。怕只怕三杯下肚，豪情大发，嘟嘟嘟，来个瓶底朝天，而且一顿喝不上便情绪不高，颇有怨言，甚至会到处去找酒喝。呜呼，快乐地死去！The trouble is after three cups of alcohol he will get wild and unrestrained and end in gulping down a whole bottle. One meal without liquor will upset him and set him complaining and searching around for drink. Alas, just to end up dying happily! 🎈来个瓶底朝天→「吨吨吨」吹一瓶，故译为gulping down a whole bottle。🎈在「酒精」的麻痹作用下，精神持续亢奋，快乐地死去，却也是人生最无意义最荒诞的一种死亡方式，结合写作目的：以辛辣的笔调调侃当前有些作家终日沉溺于社会活动、不务正业的现象，此处讽刺意味浓重。🔥必背词汇gulp v.吞食，大口吃，狼吞虎咽英义If you gulp something, you eat or drink it very quickly by swallowing large quantities of it at once.例句She quickly gulped her tea.她将茶一饮而尽。hermit cn.隐士，隐修者，遁世者英义A hermit is a person who lives alone, away from people and society.例句The hermit followed an ascetic life-style.这个隐士过的是苦行生活。drunkard cn.酒鬼，醉鬼，酗酒者英义A drunkard is someone who frequently gets drunk.例句A drunkard is unfit to drive.醉酒的人不能开车。spot cn. (液体的)滴，点英义A spot of a liquid is a small amount of it.例句Secure with a few spots of glue.用几滴胶水粘住。spectacle n.盛大的演出，壮观的场面英义A spectacle is a grand and impressive event or performance.例句94,000 people turned up for the spectacle.94,000 人参加了这一盛大活动。bygone adj.过去已久的，很久以前的英义Bygone means happening or existing a very long time ago.例句bygone generations过去的几代人torment cn.使人痛苦的事，折磨人的事英义A torment is something that causes extreme suffering, usually mental suffering.例句Sooner or later most writers end up making books about the torments of being a writer.或早或晚，大多数作家最终都会著书讲述身为作家的苦恼。thunderous adj.(声音)轰隆隆的，低沉的，低吼的英义If you describe a noise as thunderous, you mean that it is very loud and deep.例句The audience responded with thunderous applause.观众报以雷鸣般的掌声。address v.向…作正式讲话，对…发表演说英义If you address a group of people, you give a speech to them.例句He is due to address a conference on human rights next week.他下星期将在一个大会上发表关于人权的演说。🔥重点表达…死亡die … death (例如：自然死亡die a/his/… natural death)心脏停止跳动the discontinuation of heartbeat没有特色with no characteristics of its own略而不议be left out without any comment排除，不包括，不考虑，省去，遗漏 leave out等于，等同，好比是 is tantamount to年事已高，力不从心too old to be equal to the task对……应负责任；应该为某事负责be blamed for…向……致敬pay tribute to掌声如雷thunderous applause高朋a gathering of distinguished guests反复说;说话反反复复 repeat oneself问世；见天日；完成，see the light of day舒筋活血help blood circulation心血管the heart and blood vessels换言之；即；就是 that is (to say)在我看来 to my mind开阔眼界，拓宽领域broaden sb.’s horizons/ widen one’s field of vision对创作也是有帮助的stands to benefit in writing在这方面，从这个角度看in this respect到处去找酒喝search around for drink🔥复盘测试…死亡（自然死亡）心脏停止跳动没有特色略而不议排除；不包括；不考虑，省去；遗漏等于，等同，好比是年事已高，力不从心对……应负责任；应该为某事负责向……致敬掌声如雷高朋反复说;说话反反复复 问世；见天日；完成舒筋活血心血管换言之；即；就是在我看来开阔眼界，拓宽领域对创作也是有帮助的在这方面，从这个角度看到处去找酒喝🔥表达对比表示「原因」有几种说法？其「原因主要是」由于各种苦难和折磨所造成。It results mainly from various kinds of sufferings and torments.共和党的挫败并非「因为」人们很快淡忘了枪击案。Short memories cannot be blamed for the defeat.「因为」天在下雨，你最好成出租车去。As it was raining, you’d better take a taxi.他「凭靠」与董事局长期的关系在公司谋得一个重要职位。He was given an important position in the company by virtue of his long association.「因为」长时间生病，他功课落后了。Because of his long illness, he is backward in his studies.「由于」他驾驶疏忽，我们发生了次大车祸。Owing to his careless driving, we had a bad accident.他的成功多半是「靠」运气。His success was largely due to luck.「亏得」你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.「因为」天气恶劣，航班取消了。The flight was cancelled on account of bad weather.
帕布莉卡
朗读这篇文章
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
