王安石《桂枝香·金陵怀古》 -经典诗词英译-中英双语赏析

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《桂枝香·金陵怀古》是宋代政治家、文学家王安石的词作。此词通过对金陵（今江苏南京）景物的赞美和历史兴亡的感喟，寄托了作者对国家政治大事的关心和对当时朝政的担忧。上阕写登临金陵故都之所见。“澄江”“翠峰”“归帆”“斜阳”“酒旗”“西风”“云淡”“鹭起”，依次勾勒水、陆、空的雄浑场面，境界苍凉；下阕写作者在金陵之所想，以“念”字为转折，今昔对比，时空交错，虚实相生，对历史和现实，表达出深沉的抑郁和沉重的叹息。全词情景交融，境界雄浑阔大，风格沉郁悲壮，把壮丽景色和历史内容和谐地融合在一起，自成一格，堪称名篇。

桂枝香
金陵[1]怀古
王安石
登临送目。
正故国[2]晚秋，
天气初肃。
千里澄江似练，
翠峰如簇。
归帆去棹[3]残阳里，
背西风、
酒旗斜矗。
彩舟云淡，
星河鹭[4]起，
画图难足。
念往昔，
繁华竞逐。
叹门外楼头，
悲恨相续。
千古凭高对此，
谩嗟[5]荣辱。
六朝[6]旧事随流水，
但寒烟衰草凝绿。
至今商女，
时时犹唱，
《后庭》遗曲。

注释：
[1]金陵：今南京市。
[2]故国：金陵为六朝旧都，因此称为故国。
[3]棹：划船的一种工具，形状和桨差不多。
[4]鹭：一种水鸟名。
[5]嗟：感叹词。
[6]六朝：吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈。

Fragrance of Laurel Branch
· Thinking of Ancient times in Jin Ling
Wang Anshi
I climb the height
And stretch my sight:
Late autumn just begins its gloomy time.
The ancient capital looks sublime.
The limpid river, beltlike, flows a thousand miles;
Emerald peaks on peaks tower in piles.
In the declining sun sails come and go;
Against west wind wineshop streamers flutter high and low.
The painted boat
In cloud afloat,
Like stars in Silver River egrets fly.
What a picture before the eye!
The days gone by
Saw people in opulence vie.
Alas! Shame on shame came under the walls,
In palace halls.
Leaning on rails, in vain I utter sighs
Over ancient kingdoms’ fall and rise.
The running water saw the Six Dynasties pass,
But I see only chilly mist and withered grass.
Even now and again
The songstresses still sing
The song composed in vain
By a captive king.

注释：
The poet, deposed prime minister, sighs for the captive king of Chen (553-604)who loved only wine, woman and song.

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