庐隐《中学时代生活的回忆》 -英语技巧与实例-英汉互译实用教程

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中学时代生活的回忆

Recollections of My High School Days
庐隐
Lu Yin
 
🔥背景知识:《中学时代生活的回忆》的作者卢隐(1898-1934)原名黄淑仪,又名黄英,福建闽侯人,是「五四」时期著名女作家,早期与冰心齐名。
 
只要一回忆到学生时代的生活,心头便不禁有一种顽皮的跳动,过去的童年,也似乎复活了。
Whenever I look back upon my school days, my heart will throb hard and my childhood will seem to come back to life.
🎈回忆look back upon
学生时代school days
🎈「顽皮的跳动」主要想表达作者对那段年少时光的美好激动,译作throb hard(强烈地跳动),throb原意指机械有规律地振动作响或音乐声咚咚作响等。
🎈复活、苏醒、复苏come back to life
例句
Agriculture, trade, and shipbuilding were coming back to life.
农业、贸易和造船正在复苏。
 

我正是十三岁的那一年秋天,考进了女子师范的一年级,
In the autumn of the year when I was thirteen, I got enrolled by examination to a women’s normal school as a first-year student.
🎈「通过考试的途径进入了某所学校」译作get enrolled by examination to…, enroll这里指「(学校)招收或录取」。又,normal school指「师范学校」
 

在全级同学的年龄中,我是倒数第一,身材呢,偏偏也是又矮又小,
Being the youngest of the class, I was short and small.
🎈「年龄倒数第一」这里译作the youngest,当译入语没有完全对等的概念时,应从另外一个角度去切入,这种技巧值得注意。
🎈「身材呢」英文略译,因short and small就是指身材,无需赘述,遵循译入语表达习惯。
 

当我拖着两条小辫发,跑进课堂时,同学们都惊奇地望着我,在她们的揣测中,这仅仅是个小学四五年级的孩子,怎么会参加她们的集团呢,
As I entered the classroom wearing my hair in two braids, my classmates all stared at me with amazement, wondering how a primary school kid of the 4th or 5th grade could have become one of their clique. 
🎈as引导时间状从;wearing my hair in two braids作伴随状语。
🎈这里的「集团」指校园中要好同学间的「小圈子」,译作clique很贴切,隐含有负面意思指「排斥圈子外的人」
 

而我就在她们的猜疑中,安然地坐在第一排的位子上了。
Nevertheless, in the midst of their guesses, I took a seat in the first row with composure.
🎈「安然地」即「镇定地(并未受同学猜疑的影响)」,现译作with composure。
 

一个中年妇女,据说是学监曹先生,迈着那小脚放大的特有的八字步,神乎其神的走进教室,登上讲台,
A middle-aged woman, known as Miss Cao the proctor, walked into the classroom and mounted the platform with self-important airs. Having been once a woman with bound-feet, she was splayfooted.
🎈「先生」并非我们现在说的男士,而是指「老师」,所以这里根据上下文译为Miss。
 
🎈mount是指「爬上,登上(台阶或梯级)」,常用搭配有:mount the stairs/platform 登上台阶/讲台。
🎈文中「神乎其神」指「妄自尊大,高傲的」,译为with self-important airs。airs这里指老师走路的「体态及给人的感觉」,例如He has a XX air. 他给人…的感觉。另,其它的搭配还有:put on airs/give themselves airs 装腔作势。又,self-important表示「高傲的,妄自尊大的」
🎈「小脚」是指封建社会上层女性流行的裹脚,译作bound-feet, bound是分词形式其原形是bind(捆,绑或束缚)
🎈Splayfoot就是「八字步」,splay是「向外张开」的意思。
 

我们恭敬的起立,鞠躬,坐下,
We all stood up, bowed and sat down with great deference.
🎈We all:all为代词,是we的同位语。
🎈with great deference指「极恭敬地(尤其对位高者)」

学监发给我们一份油印的学校规则,上面罗列着森严可怖的校规,最使我刺心的,是学生必须全体住堂,除星期六例假外,不许外出,即使例假外出时,也必有家长盖章的证明书才行,星期日下午五点以前一定要回学校,如果迟误,下星期就不准回家,
The proctor then gave us each a mimeographed sheet with a horrible list of strict regulations, of which the most detestable was that all students must be boarders forbidden to go out of the campus except during weekends with a certificate sealed by parents and that they must return to the campus before 5 o’clock on Sunday afternoons and otherwise they would not be allowed to go home next weekend.
🎈「罗列着森严可怖的校规」译作with a horrible list of strict regulations。校规森严(strict),所以可怖(horrible),欣赏此处两个形容词的摆放位置。
🎈「住堂」实则指「寄宿在学校里」,这里英译词性转换为名词boarders(寄宿学生)
 

其次就是不许穿制服以外的任何衣服,——而制服偏偏又是那样难看,
On top of that, we were allowed to wear no other outer garment than the school uniform, which was so ugly.
🎈「制服以外的任何衣服」即「其它外衣」,译作other outer garment。
🎈wear no other outer garment than the school uniform :
no other… than…
no… other than…
两种形式表示同一意思「除了……之外,没有……」
例句
晚餐除了干面包和水外,他们没有得到其他的食物。
They were given no other food than dry bread and water for their evening meal.
They were given no food other than dry bread and water for their evening meal.
 

夏季的是灰色布衫,灰色山东绸的裙子,新的时候还好,洗过几次之后,颜色灰黯,活像一窝老鼠精。
The summer uniform consisted of a gray cotton shirt and a gray silk skirt, which would discolor with each washing until they looked as pale as gray rats.
🎈「洗过几次之后,颜色灰黯」即「每次洗的时候都会掉色」,故译作discolor with each washing 
🎈「活像一窝老鼠精」根据上下文应理解为「衣服掉色厉害,简直就像老鼠身上的颜色一样灰白灰白的」,译作until they looked as pale as gray rats
 

至于冬季的呢,那又不如夏季的了,青蛙色的爱国布裙衫,洗得黄不黄绿不绿,谁说不能象征癞蛤蟆的色彩呢? 
The winter uniform with frog-colored jacket and skirt, was even lousier. They would, after several washings, turn neither yellow nor green, taking on the color of brown-skinned toads.
🎈「那又不如夏季的了」并没有照旧对应译出,而是用了lousier一词来表达,原形是lousy指「极糟糕或不喜欢的,劣等的」,更简洁地传达了原文要表达的意思。
🎈「青蛙色」译作frog-colored,这种构词方法值得学习。「癞蛤蟆的色彩」更具体化地译为the color of brown-skinned toads(癞蛤蟆皮肤那样的棕色)
🎈take on表示「呈现,显出(新面貌或新特点)」
 

同时头上再梳个日本式高搭凉棚式的头,真是呜呼嘻噫,不像鼠精,也像蛙怪了。
Meanwhile, we had to wear our hair after the Japanese style, with a hairpiece shaped like a huge canopy. O my, we were thus all transformed into rat spirits and frog monsters!
🎈wear our hair after the Japanese style中after是介词,表示「模仿、仿照」。又,表示「发型」常用wear一词
例句
You ever wear your hair down? – What? Yeah. Sometimes.
你把头发放下来过吗?
🎈「真是呜呼嘻噫」译为O my,非常口语化充分传达了原文的语言色彩。
🎈「鼠精」「蛙怪」译作rat spirits、frog monsters。《西游记》中「各路妖魔鬼怪」的翻译就用到了spirit、demon、monster等词。

 
这虽然似乎是一件小事,而对于我这个还拖着两条辫发的孩子,简直等于是一种滑稽的刑罚呢!
Though it was a trivial matter, yet to a little girl like me with two treasured short braids, it was as good as a ludicrous form of punishment!
🎈「小事」译作trivial matter(指无关紧要的小事)比small thing更地道。
🎈As good as固定用法,相当于「等于」
🎈Though…yet…相当于中文里的「虽然…但是…」,但此处yet是副词,并非连词,故不存在语法矛盾,可以与连词though连用。
🎈treasured是增益成分,表示「我」对「辫子」的喜欢,从而更烘托出「这是一种滑稽的刑罚」
 

自从学监曹先生颁布校规以后,一些天真活泼的女孩,霎时间都变成了日本婆娘,
Upon the announcement of the school regulations by Miss Cao the proctor, the innocent school girls immediately started to behave like Japanese women. 
🎈「天真活泼的」译作innocent,无需字字对译重在传递感情色彩。
🎈「变成了」并未译成have become,而是根据上下文译成behave like。
 

——那时间日本的教育及其他,都正在中国走着极时的红运, 
In those days, things Japanese, including the educational system, were at the height of their popularity in China.
🎈「极时的红运」应理解为「盛行」或者「流行」,指日本文化对教育的影响很普遍且影响很大,所以译作at the height of their popularity。
 

所有的教育当局,也大半是日本留学生,所以为了贯彻他们的取法乎日本的主张,便连装饰也必使其逼似。
And most of the Chinese officials in charge of education then were returned students from Japan. Hence the slavish copying of even the Japanese style of ornamentation.
🎈「教育当局」译作Chinese officials in charge of education,请注意「当局」的译法,中文是比较笼统的说法而英文则具体化到Chinese officials(中国官员或公职人员)
🎈officer和official的区别
official 一般指政府官员,尤指文官(=civil officer),包括行政人员和高级职员。
officer 表示「军官」或「警官」
注意
在使用 officer 表示「政府官员」时,通常有修饰语。
例句
a public officer [official] 公务员
a health officer [official] 卫生官员

试想那样庞大笨重的凉棚头,顶在一些尚未全成人形的孩子们身上,究竟类乎不类呢? 
Imagine how absurd it was to fix a huge cumbersome canopy-like hairpiece on the head of an under-age little girl!
🎈「凉棚头」这里是指模仿日本人发型很大且高类似盖下来的样子,所以译作canopy-like hairpiece。Canopy原意是「罩状的或树顶篷」,hairpiece指假发,请注意这种构词方法。
🎈「尚未全成人形的」是指「未成年的」,所以译作under-age。又,under-age侧重「生理年龄小」,little则带有感情色彩,可理解为侧重「孩子们的天真可爱等等」
 

尤其在全级比较最小的我更是个要命的勾当,
Being the smallest girl of the class, I was worst hit by it.
🎈「要命的勾当」应理解为「我最小所以这种发型对我影响最大」,译为worst hit by it(影响最严重)
 

每逢走过整容镜前,由不得掩面急趋,这一副头大身小,畸形发展的尊容,便连自己,也无勇气看。
I would quickly shy away from the full-length mirror at school with my face buried in my hands, not daring to look at my own top-heavy bizarre appearance in it.
🎈「由不得掩面急趋」呈现了很尴尬、逃避的画面,译文的quickly shy away from…(因羞涩而快速离开…),with my face buried in my hands(双手掩着脸)都很传神地描述了这个场景。又,shy away from 是惯用表达,指(因害怕或信心不足而)回避,躲避,避免做
例句
We frequently shy away from making decisions.
我们常常害怕做出决定。
🎈「头大身小」在这里说的是大大的发型在娇小的身体之上,亦可理解为「头重脚轻」,正好与英文中的top-heavy对应。
 

所以仅仅是一个大棚头,和一身蛙色或鼠色的布裙衫,简直像一副全份的刑具,压迫得我无精打采,先天所有的爱美情感,都被摧毁了,
The canopy-like hairpiece and the ugly cotton uniform, like a complete set of instruments of torture, depressed me and deprived me of my inborn love for being well groomed.
🎈「一副全份的刑具」译作a complete set of instruments of torture,a complete set of…是「一整套的…」也就是「全份」的意思,instruments of torture是「刑具」
🎈deprive someone of sth.是固定搭配,表示「剥夺,使不能有」,这里是指作者对爱美的感情被摧毁了。
 

因此我每个星期六回家时,必作一次欺骗的行为,那就是从学监处领得回家的通知书后,走到门房,放下包裹,先把那大棚头摧毁,仍旧拖两条发辫,这才雇车回家。
So I started playing a trick every Saturday before I went home for the weekend. After getting the certificate for leave, I would enter the janitor’s room where I put down my knapsack and took off my canopy-like hairpiece. Then I would be on my way home sporting my short braids.
🎈「门房」相当于我们平常说的「校门卫室」译作janitor’s room,janitor就是「看门人」
🎈…the janitor’s room where I put down my knapsack and took off my canopy-like hairpiece: where引导定从,先行词是room。
🎈「摧毁」这里是指「把头顶上的假发型脱掉」,所以译为took off。
🎈「拖两条发辫」文中隐含了为了自己的做法很得意终于摆脱了极为丑陋造型的束缚,英译中的sporting在这里就是「夸耀」的意思。
 

第二天回学校时,也是偷偷摸摸乘学监看不见的时候,逃到栉沐室,恢复了大棚头,再去交通知书。
The next day when I returned to school, I would, before handing in the certificate for leave, sneak into the women’s bathroom without the knowledge of the proctor and furtively put on the unwieldy hairpiece again.
🎈上交、提交hand in
例句
You must all hand in your projects by the end of next week.
你们都必须在下周末前交出研究报告。
🎈在…不知情(的情况下)without the knowledge of…
朱德《母亲的回忆》
我下决心瞒着慈爱的母亲脱离家乡,远走云南参加了新军和同盟会。So I decided to leave, without my mother’s knowledge, for the faraway province of Yunnan, where I joined the New Army and Tongmenhui.
 

在这个中学时期中,本来是我的黄金时代,谁知我的活泼快乐的童年,竟销灭于这如牢狱似的学校生活中,
My high school days would have been my golden age had it not been for the prison-like school life. 
🎈had it not been for the prison-like school life中 had it not been…是省略if的虚拟条件句的译法,表示「要不是」
🎈prison-like:后缀-like与名词连用构成形容词表示「像…的」「有…特征的」
例句
a tiny worm-like creature像蠕虫一样的微小生物
snake-like undulations蛇形起伏。
 

至今想来,对于当时那种专门以压迫手段的学校教育,犹觉不寒而栗了。
Today, I still cannot help shuddering at the thought of the erstwhile coercion-oriented school education.
🎈禁不住、忍不住、不禁cannot help doing
例句
The Shepherd Boy cannot help laughing.
牧童不禁放声大笑。
🎈一想到……at the thought of
🎈「当时」译作erstwhile(往昔),「压迫手段」译作coercion-oriented,其中coercion是「威逼」的意思与文中所说的「压迫」同一意思。

 
对于学校训育法,给我的印象太坏了,至于功课呢,也是不能使人满意,一味的注入,
While I loathed the moral education conducted by the school, I was also fed-up with its spoon-fed intellectual education.
🎈训育:对学生行为品德的训练和管理教育的活动或体制。故译作the moral education。
🎈「一味的注入」即我们常说的「填鸭式教育」贬义色彩很明显,所以用了fed-up这个词表达厌恶的意思。
🎈spoon-fed是不顾实际情况,生搬硬套的「填鸭式」教育方式。
🎈intellectual是「智力上的,智力方面的」,intellectual education即「智育」
 

不管你能吸收消化与否,他们只管照着老调唱,
The teachers then would harp on the same old platitudes regardless of whether the students could comprehend or not.
🎈「照着老调唱」即「不断重复陈词滥调」,译作harp on the same old platitudes,其中harp on sth作「唠唠叨叨地说个不停,喋喋不休」解,platitudes是「毫无新意、反复无聊的论调」即「陈词滥调」
 

因此我对于读书,竟视为畏途,
As a result, I became bored with studies. 
🎈「竟视为畏途」并未依照字面翻译,这里想表达的是这种教育方式使得「我」厌恶学习,译为I became bored with…
 

在讲堂里总是想法消遣,不是作打油诗,俏皮先生,便是和同学传递纸条,以为玩笑,只要听见下课铃一响,但没命的逃了。
While in class, I would try to divert myself by writing lines of doggerel at the expense of the teachers, or surreptitiously exchanging scribbled notes with my classmates for fun. And at the sound of the class-dismissing bell, we would all scatter in a rush.
🎈「作打油诗」即「写打油诗」,译为writing lines of doggerel,doggerel是「打油诗」的意思。
🎈「俏皮先生」应理解为「作弄老师」或「拿老师来开玩笑」,at the expense of sb.固定搭配「捉弄某人」
🎈「递纸条」译为exchanging scribbled notes,scribbled是「潦草随意书写的(内容)」
🎈at the sound of the class-dismissing bell作时间状语。其中,「下课」译the sound of the class-dismissing bell,be dismissed是「准予离开或解散」的意思。
 

在这枯燥阴暗的学校生活中,我有时仍然要自寻光明,那就是偷看小说
Confronted with the boredom of school life, I often tried to find a way out by reading novels on the sly.
🎈「在…中」译作Confronted with(面对威胁或难以处理的情况),表达了「我」对当时教学方式的对抗情绪。
🎈On the sly固定搭配,「偷偷地,秘密地(做某事)」

——那时候的学生,除了教科书以外,什么都不许看,小说尤其在严禁之列,
In those days, students were allowed to read no other books, especially novels, than textbooks.
🎈把especially novels插入no other books和than textbooks的中间,起到强调作用「小说尤其是命令禁止」,为下文作铺垫。
 

如被发觉,轻则学监叫去当面训斥一顿,把小说没收,重则挂牌记大过一次,可是这也禁不断我们,仍然不断的偷看书,
Acts of disobedience would incur a stern reprimand by the proctor plus confiscation of the novels, or, what was even worse, having a major demerit put on record. But all that proved of little avail.
🎈「记大过」译作a major demerit,demerit是指「记录在案的错误行为或过失行为」
🎈having a major demerit put on record是have sth down的结构。
🎈「禁不断」译为little avail,「徒劳」固定搭配有:to no avail或to little avail。
 

有时我竟躲在讲堂最后一排的椅子上,把小说藏在国文讲义下面,趁先生讲的唾沫乱溅的时候,我已一页一页的偷看下去,
Sometimes, while the teacher was lecturing, I would, seating myself in the last row of the classroom, be absorbed in reading a novel hidden under a copy of lecture notes on Chinese.
🎈「唾沫乱溅」是描述老师讲课时的样子,译作lecturing。
🎈absorb原意是「吸收(液体、气体等)或使专注」,be absorbed in固定搭配是指「被…深深吸引住」

 
有时看到小说中情节太滑稽的部分,我竟忘其所以的噗哧一笑,这就惹下了大祸,
Sometimes, I would be carried away by something funny in the novel and chuckle involuntarily. That brought great trouble on me.
🎈be carried away固定搭配,「忘乎所以,沉迷某事而忽略周围」,这里指「我」忘乎所以地在课堂偷看小说。
 

先生瞪起铜铃般的眼睛,恶狠狠地叫我到前排来,
The teacher glared at me with eyes wide open like two brass bells and fiercely ordered me to take a front-row seat instead.
🎈「瞪起铜铃般的眼睛」这里译作glared at me with eyes wide open like two brass bells,with复合结构with eyes wide open like two brass bells作伴随状语,brass bells指「铜铃」
🎈「恶狠狠地」译作fiercely ordered
 

我连忙把小说往屉子里一塞,垂头丧气的坐到前排位子上,但是心里更急切要想晓得那故事的下文,于是我的精神贯注于那小说的想象中,
Thereupon, I quickly thrust the novel into my drawer and took the new seat, looking crestfallen. But, inwardly, I was concerned about the denouement of the novel. I just couldn’t take my mind off what the ensuing chapters would be like.
🎈「塞」字译作thrust,这个单词表示「猛推、猛地一塞」,准确又生动地描写出了学生课上被抓包后的反应。
🎈这里说的「下文」即「故事的结局」,所以译作denouement(小说、戏剧等的)结局,收场。
🎈ensuing是「随后发生的」,ensuing chapters这里指「(小说的)下一章节」
 

虽是木然静坐,心早不知飞越到第几世界去了。
So, sitting still and quietly in the classroom, I would have my thoughts wandering immeasurably far away.
🎈have my thoughts wandering immeasurably far away是have … doing的结构,表示「让…(一直做)…」。have可以用作使役动词,其宾补可以是省略to的不定式、(现在、过去)分词、形容词、介词短语等。
 

有一次,我从一个同学那里,借到林译小说的全部,这使我发狂的想看,于是就想了个绝妙的方法,
Once, having borrowed from a classmate a collection of Western fiction translated into Chinese by Lin Shu, I was all eagerness to finish reading all of it. So I thought up a good idea.
🎈Lin Shu(1852-1924), also known as Lin Qinnan, a native of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, was a renowned modern Chinese scholar, writer and translator. He translated into Chinese about 170 Western works of fiction, many of the, classics.
🎈translated into Chinese by Lin Shu 作fiction的后置定语。
🎈「发狂的」表达的是「我」迫切想看小说的心情,译作was all eagerness to(极渴望地)
🎈想出,想到(主意、计划)think up
例句
Julian has been thinking up new ways of raising money…
朱利安想出了不少筹款的新办法。
 

跑到学监处,皱紧眉头假称肚子疼,
I went to the proctor with knitted eyebrows, pretending that I was suffering from a stomach-ache.
🎈「皱紧眉头」译作knitted eyebrows,knit原意是「编织交错」这里指眉头紧紧皱在一起。
 

学监叫我到寝室去睡,——平时寝室的门是锁了的,除非生病不到打睡觉铃时,不准到寝室去,
She told me to go and get a sleep at the student dorm, which was ordinarily locked and no one could enter unless when in illness or before the lights-out bell rang.
🎈told me to go and get a sleep:「去做」可用go to do,也可用go and do,美国英语中还可用go do。
🎈when in illness属于英语里的省略现象:当主从句的主谓一致谓语动词是be动词时,或者当从句的主语是it谓语动词是be动词时,从句的谓语动词可省略。补充完整为when one’s in illness。
🎈「睡觉铃」译作lights-out bell。
 

——我这时暗暗地高兴,拿着锁打开寝室的门,放下帐子,拿上两三本小说,睡在床上,大看而特看,
I felt secretly pleased. And with the key I got from her, I opened the dorm door and then lay in bed reading avidly Lin’s translations with the mosquito net hung round me.
🎈「大看而特看」表达的是极其迫切的心情,译作reading avidly,avidly是「如饥似渴地,热切地」,热爱阅读方面尤常用。
🎈「帐子」即「蚊帐」,译作mosquito net。
 

到吃饭的时候,学监只派校役,送一些稀饭和咸菜给我,这使我有苦说不出,无可奈何,只好把这稀饭咸菜姑且疗饥吧。
At meal time, the proctor would send me by a school worker nothing but watery rice gruel and pickles. I felt unutterably miserable and had no alternative but to eat the simple fare to appease my hunger.
🎈「校役」即「学校的工作人员」,译为school worker。
🎈nothing but=only=merely 仅仅,只有
例句
There’s nothing but woods on the other side of the highway.  
公路对面只有树林。
🎈「无可奈何」这里想要表达的是「我」因装病而有苦说不出的心情,译作unutterably(无法言语,无法表达出来的)。
🎈此处fare熟词僻义,指「食物」
 

我这样装病过三四次,是后一次这个秘密被学监发觉了,以欺骗和违法的罪名,记了我一大过。
Altogether I malingered three or four times until it was discovered by the proctor. Consequently I got a serious demerit put on my record on the charge of cheating and disobedience.
🎈积累新词语:malinger专指「为逃避工作而装病」,可以运用到日常表达中。
🎈consequently是增译成分,补充出逻辑关系。
🎈「记大过」译作got a serious demerit put on my record,此处put on the record表示记录在案。
🎈以……罪名on the charge of
例句
You are under arrest on the charge of willful murder.
我们以故意杀人罪逮捕你。
 

一年复一年的我们这样生活着,混过四年毕业书骗到手,我的中学生活也就告了结束。
That was how I managed to muddle through year after year until I got the diploma at the end of four years, thus concluding my high school life.
🎈此句重点是如何译好「混」的概念。Muddle through year after year即「一年又一年这么混着」,其中,muddle through是固定搭配,指「胡乱应付过去,勉强蒙混过关」。
例句
We will muddle through and just play it day by day.
我们会应付过关的,就一天一天地演吧。
又, managed to是「勉强达到或完成某事」也隐含了「混」的概念。
 
🔥必背词汇
throb       v.震动作响,有规律地颤动
英义
If something throbs, it vibrates and makes a steady noise.
例句
The music throbbed hypnotically.
音乐咚咚作响,叫人昏昏欲睡。
 
composure       un. 冷静,镇定,沉着
英义
Composure is the appearance or feeling of calm and the ability to control your feelings.
例句
Stopping only briefly to regain her composure, she described her agonising ordeal.
她只停顿了一小会儿让自己恢复平静,然后讲述了她无比痛苦的经历。
 
mount       v.爬上,登上(台阶、梯级)
英义
If you mount the stairs or a platform, you go up the stairs or go up onto the platform.
例句
Llewelyn was mounting the stairs up into the keep.
卢埃林登上台阶,走进城堡主楼。
 
self-important      adj.妄自尊大的,高傲的,自负的
英义
If you say that someone is self-important, you disapprove of them because they behave as if they are more important than they really are.
例句
He was self-important, vain and ignorant.
他傲慢自负,虚荣无知。
 
deference        un.尤指对位重者的敬重,尊敬,遵从
英义
Deference is a polite and respectful attitude towards someone, especially because they have an important position.
例句
Out of deference to him, I lowered my head as he prayed.
出于对他的敬重,在他祈祷时我低下了头。
 
proctor         n.监考人员
英义
a person who watches people while they are taking an exam to make sure that they have everything they need, that they keep to the rules, etc. 
例句
You will just sit in front of the proctor and take my dictation over bluetooth.
你只需要坐在监考面前通过蓝牙耳机记下我的话并抄下来。
 
detestable        adj. 令人厌恶的,讨厌的,可憎的
英义
If you say that someone or something is detestable, you mean you dislike them very much. [Formal]
例句
I find their views detestable.
我觉得他们的观点十分可憎。
 
🔥重点表达
学生时代  school days
顽皮的跳动throb hard
考入… get enrolled by examination to…
(年龄)倒数第一 the youngest
小圈子clique
神乎其神 with self-important airs
小脚bound-feet
八字步splayfoot
恭敬的 with deference
鼠精 rat spirits
天真活泼的innocent
极时的红运 at the height of their popularity
教育当局Chinese officials in charge of education
凉棚头canopy-like hairpiece
尚未全成人形的under-age 
头大身小top-heavy
掩面急趋quickly shy away from… with my face buried in my hands
刑具instruments of torture
无精打采depressed
拖两条发辫sporting my short braids
乘…看不见(的时候)without the knowledge of…
压迫(的)coercion-oriented
一味的注入(was) also fed-up
照着老调唱 harp on the same old platitudes
作打油诗writing lines of doggerel
俏皮先生at the expense of teachers
递纸条exchanging scribbled notes
下课铃the sound of the class-dismissing bell
禁不断little avail
全神贯注地… be absorbed in…
忘其所以 be carried away
瞪起铜铃般的眼睛glared at me with eyes wide open like two brass bells
恶狠狠地 fiercely ordered
发狂的be all eagerness to
皱紧眉头knitted eyebrows
睡觉铃lights-out bell
蚊帐 mosquito net
大看而特看reading avidly
无可奈何unutterably
装病 malinger
混过 muddle through
 
🔥复盘测试
学生时代   
顽皮的跳动
考入…              
(年龄)倒数第一  
小圈子           
神乎其神  
小脚     
八字步   
恭敬的  
鼠精            
天真活泼的  
极时的红运       
教育当局         
凉棚头         
尚未全成人形的
头大身小      
掩面急趋    
刑具         
无精打采   
拖两条发辫   
乘…看不见(的时候)  
压迫(的)      
一味的注入   
照着老调唱         
作打油诗         
俏皮先生          
递纸条          
下课铃     
禁不断          
全神贯注地…    
忘其所以          
瞪起铜铃般的眼睛          
恶狠狠地       
发狂的        
皱紧眉头    
睡觉铃
蚊帐        
大看而特看
无可奈何   
装病
混过  
 
🔥表达对比
「沉迷」有几种表达?
有时我竟躲在讲堂最后一排的椅子上,把小说藏在国文讲义下面,趁先生讲的唾沫乱溅的时候,我已(一页一页的)偷看下去,
Sometimes, while the teacher was lecturing, I would, seating myself in the last row of the classroom, be absorbed in reading a novel hidden under a copy of lecture notes on Chinese.
 
有时看到小说中情节太滑稽的部分,我竟(忘其所以)的噗哧一笑,这就惹下了大祸,
Sometimes, I would be carried away by something funny in the novel and chuckle involuntarily. That brought great trouble on me.
 
成长过程中我曾一度沉迷时尚。
Growing up, I was obsessed with fashion.
 
有些人甚至寻求帮助,希望自己(沉迷其中)的孩子远离电脑游戏。
Some even seek help for their teenagers who they say are addicted to them.

未经允许不得转载:帕布莉卡 » 庐隐《中学时代生活的回忆》 -英语技巧与实例-英汉互译实用教程

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