On the Need for More Young Essayists这几年我没有写什么杂文。In recent years, I have seldom written essays.Q:这一句翻译时该用什么时态？🎈由开头的时间名词「这几年」可知，下文发生的动作是从过去一直持续到现在并且可能持续下去的，因此在翻译时要使用现在完成时态，译作I have seldom written essays.其中频度副词seldom对应原文中的「没有」，意为「…很少，几乎没有」三十年代末期和四十年代写得多些，那时办报纸，经常值夜班，写了不少。编集子时，自己也感到吃惊，竟写了这么多，有的自己都记不得了。During the late 1930s and throughout the 1940s, however, I wrote more. In those days, as a newspaper editor, I often worked on the night shift and wrote a great many essays, so that, later, when compiling a collection of my works, I was astonished to find myself to have authored so many essays, some of which I could not even remember.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「三十年代末期和四十年代」指的是两个不同的时间段，即「三十年代末期」和「整个四十年代」，译作During the late 1930s and throughout the 1940s，需要准确翻译出来。🎈「办报纸」意即「当新闻编辑」，可译作as a newspaper editor。🎈「自己也感到吃惊，竟写了这么多」译作I was astonished to find myself to have authored so many essays，其中to have authored相当于to be author of或to have written。我体会，自己办报、办刊物时，就能写得多些。I have, therefore, come to realize that working on a newspaper or a magazine could make a prolific writer of yourself.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「就能写得多些」译作make a prolific writer of yourself，意为「使自己成为高产作家」，翻译时没有拘泥于原文字面意思，处理巧妙灵活。鲁迅开始写杂文也是从办《语丝》时开始的。The same was true of Lu Xun. It was not until he became editor of the magazine The Tatler that he started writing essays.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈The same was true of Lu Xun.对应原文中的「鲁迅也…」，是为上文举出相类似的例子，其中be true of意为「适用于…」，「…是这种情况」🎈It was not until he became editor of the magazine The Tatler that he started writing essays.其中使用到了强调句型，是为突出强调这一部分内容，从而为上文所提出的观点服务。现在报刊编辑部人都不少，应该自己多写。Nowadays, as the editorial departments of newspapers and periodicals are generally well staffed, the people there should be in a position to write more.Q：「现在报刊编辑部人都不少」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思是「现在报刊编辑部工作人员配备齐全」，译作as the editorial departments of newspapers and periodicals are generally well staffed，其中well staffed意为「师资强大」，「员工齐全」。另外，根据原文内容，这一句是下文的原因，因此翻译时处理为as引导的原因状语从句。🎈「应该自己多写」译作the people there should be in a position to write more，其中be in a position to是成语，意为「有条件做…」现在有些刊物，派人到北京上海各处跑，约文章，等米下锅，这不可靠，应该自己动笔，自己出产品。Some newspapers and magazines are so starved of contributions that they have to send out people to various places like Beijing and Shanghai to canvass for support. That is no answer to the problem at all. The best way is for the editorial staff to do the writing themselves and turn out more.Q：「等米下锅」该怎么翻译？🎈「等米下锅」在这里是指「有些刊物……闹稿荒」，故译作Some newspapers and magazines are so starved of contributions…，其中be starved of等于be short of。contribution不是指「贡献」，而是意为「稿件」🎈「这不可靠」译作That is no answer to the problem at all.其中no answer to等同于no solution to。🎈「应该自己动笔，自己出产品」译作The best way is for the editorial staff to do the writing themselves and turn out more.其中The best way is…是根据原文语意进行的增译。我们当年编《新华日报》，总共二十来人，记者、编辑都写，搞排版的、搞资料的、还有做校对工作的，每个人都写文章。The former Xinhua Daily, where we used to work, had a staff of about 20. Everyone of us wrote, including not only the reporters and editors, but also the typesetters, proofreaders and reference-library people.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「记者、编辑都写，搞排版的、搞资料的、还有做校对工作的，每个人都写文章」译作Everyone of us wrote, including not only the reporters and editors, but also the typesetters, proofreaders and reference-library people.其中使用not only…but also…这一组关联词是为了起到突出强调作用，重点强调「搞排版的、搞资料的、还有做校对工作的」也都在写文章，符合原文语意。另一方面，要大力培养青年人写稿的积极性。On the other hand, emphasis should be placed on arousing young people’s enthusiasm for writing.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「要大力培养青年人写稿的积极性」译作emphasis should be placed on arousing young people’s enthusiasm for writing，其中emphasis should be placed on对应原文中的「大力…」，这里还可以译作great efforts should be made to。编辑对来稿要仔细看，不要轻易就摔掉。Instead of rashly rejecting manuscripts, editors should go over them carefully.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「不要轻易就摔掉」意思为「不要轻易地拒绝来稿」，译作Instead of rashly rejecting manuscripts。有可取的，要帮他加工、改好，发表他的稿子。发表一次，积极性就来了，以后就会常来稿。Manuscripts which are acceptable but in need of improvement should be allowed publication after they have been revised and polished by the editorial department. Young contributors could thus be spurred on to ever greater efforts to write.Q：「有可取的」该怎么翻译？🎈「有可取的」意即「勉强可采用的」「还过得去的」，译作acceptable but in need of improvement，比just impossible的意思更明确。🎈「积极性就来了，以后就会常来稿」的主语是指上文已经提到的青年人，因此这一句可译作Young contributors could thus be spurred on to ever greater efforts to write.其中be spurred on对应原文中的「积极性就来了」，是对原文内容的灵活处理。我们要用这种方法培养新的作者，不能只依靠几个老的。That is the way to bring up new writers. It is inadvisable to rely solely on a handful of veteran writers.Q：「几个老的」该怎么翻译？🎈「几个老的」在这里是指有经验的、资深的编辑，译作a handful of veteran writers，当然也可译作a handful of old writers，但old没有veteran语意丰富，后者还有「富有经验」之意。我们许多作家都是前辈培养出来的。Many of our writers owe their success to the help and encouragement of their predecessors.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句可以根据字面直译为Many of our writers have been fostered by their predecessors.但却不如译作Many of our writers owe their success to the help and encouragement of their predecessors.更为灵活地道。其中the help and encouragement是对原文语意的具体化。现在新作家中写小说的多，写剧本的也较多，写杂文的简直就没有。Most young writers today go in for fiction or drama, but practically none engage in essay writing.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「现在新作家中写小说的多，写剧本的也较多」可以理解为「现在大多数的新作家都在写小说或剧本」，译作Most young writers today go in for fiction or drama，其中most在这里意为「大多数」，go in for意为「从事」那不好了，我们要更广泛地培养写杂文的新作家。That is no good. Let more young essayists come to the fore!Q：「我们要更广泛地培养写杂文的新作家」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为「让更多的青年杂文家涌现出来吧」，因此可以灵活翻译为Let more young essayists come to the fore!其中come to the fore是成语，意为「进入显著的地位」或「走到前面」🔥必背词汇author v.著作；写作；编写英义(formal) to be the author of a book, report, etc. 例句Then he opened a restaurant, authored a book, and landed his own radio show. 后来他开了个餐馆，写了本书，还制作了自己的广播剧。staff v.在…工作；任职于；为…配备职员英义to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work there 例句The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals.这个慈善机构提供资金装备了两家医院并配备了人员。canvass v.游说；拉选票英义to ask sb. to support a particular person, political party, etc., especially by going around an area and talking to people 例句He spent the whole month canvassing for votes.他花了整整一个月四处游说拉选票。rash adj.轻率的；鲁莽的英义(of people or their actions 人或行为) doing sth. that may not be sensible without first thinking about the possible results; done in this way 例句It would be rash to assume that everyone will agree with you on this.你要是认为在这件事上谁都会同意你的看法，那就太欠考虑了。veteran n.经验丰富的人；老手英义a person who has a lot of experience in a particular area or activity 例句He is a veteran parliamentarian whose views enjoy widespread respect. 他是个资深议员，其观点受到广泛尊重。🔥重点表达值夜班 work on the night shift编集子 compile a collection of my works办报、办刊物 work on a newspaper or a magazine…人都不少 be well staffed等米下锅 be so starved of做校对工作的 reference-library people大力… emphasis should be placed on仔细看 go over carefully写杂文 engage in essay writing🔥复盘测试值夜班编集子办报、办刊物…人都不少等米下锅做校对工作的大力…仔细看写杂文🔥表达对比「竟然」有几种表达？然而，竟然发现它日渐耗损，金子也衰老了！I thought the crown would keep good forever, but, to my dismay, gold too proved to be subject to wear and tear like all other things.工程快要完了，但是不晓得怎样，老陈竟然从楼上跌下来，跌死了。When it was nearing completion, it suddenly came to pass that he fell off the building and died.事实上，他们竟然能够达成协议…In fact, it was extraordinary that they even reached an agreement. 我们得意的不一定是因为那掌声，而是对自己感到既愉快又吃惊：这么多年，竟然还没把它忘掉！But we felt pleased with ourselves not because of the warm applause, but because we were surprised to find ourselves still remembering the words of the song after so many years.编集子时，自己也感到吃惊，竟写了这么多，有的自己都记不得了。…when compiling a collection of my works, I was astonished to find myself to have authored so many essays, some of which I could not even remember.
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爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
