Eulogizing Books柯灵Ke Ling说到书，我很动感情。因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。I always think of books with profound feeling, being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「我很动感情」是指我对书有着深厚的感情，可译作with profound feeling，做伴随成分。🎈「因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激」这一句中有明确的因果关系，因此在翻译时要将其体现出来，可译作being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me，其中as I am用在此处是为了加重语气。而这一现在分词短语在整句话中充当时间状语。书是我的恩师。贫穷剥夺了我童年的幸福，把我关在学校大门的外面，是书本敞开它宽厚的胸脯，接纳了我，给我以慷慨的哺育。Books are my beloved teachers. In my childhood, when I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty, books took me to their large bosoms and nurtured me generously.Q：「把我关在学校大门的外面」怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为因为贫穷剥夺了我去学校接受教育的机会，结合前文的「剥夺了我童年的幸福」，可整合译作I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty，此处使用被动语态可以突出强调作为承受者的「我」，比直接使用主动语态更能增强表达效果。🎈「书是我的恩师」在原文中是一个主旨句，下文还会多次出现类似的句子，因此在翻译时，为保持行文一致，可以将这些主旨句译为同样的形式。没有书，就没有我的今天。It is to them that I owe what I am today.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句表达的是作者对书的感激之情，意为我的今天要归功于书，可译作It is to them that I owe what I am today.其中使用到了强调结构It is … that…，强调的是感谢的对象，因此还原之后整句话的正常语序为I owe what I am today to them.——也许我早就委身于沟壑。Without them, I would probably have ended up in abject misery long ago.Q：「委身于沟壑」怎么翻译？🎈「沟壑」本指「溪谷」「山沟」，常引申为「野死之地」，因此这里的「委身于沟壑」的意思为「死无葬身之地」，结合上下文可理解为「结局悲惨」的意思，可译作I would probably have ended up in abject misery long ago，其中ended up意为以…告终。书是我的良友。它给我一把金钥匙，诱导我打开浅短的视界，愚昧的头脑，鄙塞的心灵。Books are my good friends. They have offered me a golden key to broadening my horizons and ridding myself of stupidity and ignorance.Q：「诱导我打开浅短的视界，愚昧的头脑，鄙塞的心灵」该怎么翻译？🎈「打开浅短的视界」可理解为开拓我的视野，英文中有对应表达broaden my horizons，「愚昧的头脑，鄙塞的心灵」指的是人的愚昧和无知，在中文里可以搭配动词「摆脱」，因此可译作ridding myself of stupidity and ignorance。它从不吝惜对我帮助。They spare no efforts to help me.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句可以理解为书总是不遗余力地帮助我，为了表达更加地道，可使用英文中的对应表达spare no efforts to，译作They spare no efforts to help me.书是我青春期的恋人，中年的知己，暮年的伴侣。Books are my sweethearts in my youth, my bosom friends in my middle age, and my companions in my declining years.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句在全文中也是一个主旨句，其中包含三个由时间名词修饰的名词短语，为保持工整，翻译时可以统一处理为「名词+in+时间名词」的形式，即my sweethearts in my youth, my bosom friends in my middle age, and my companions in my declining years，其中in my declining years对应原文中的「暮年」，还可译作in my old age。有了它，我就不再愁寂寞，不再怕人情冷暖，世态炎凉。Accompanied by books, I never feel lonely, nor fear social snobbery or fickleness of the world.Q：「人情冷暖，世态炎凉」怎么翻译？🎈「人情冷暖，世态炎凉」这两个词为近义词，常常一起使用，是指在别人得势的时候就奉承巴结，失势时就不理不睬，是一种对于势利眼的形容，其中「人情」和「世态」是指社会上的人情世故，「冷暖」和「炎凉」泛指人情的变化，故可译作social snobbery or fickleness of the world。它使我成为精神世界的富翁。我真的是“不可一日无此君”。They have made a rich man of me in the inner world. I cannot do without them even for a single day.Q：made a rich man of me中of之后为什么跟me而不是mine？🎈of mine表示「我的…」，若用在此处则意为成为我的富翁，导致语义不通。其实，译文中使用的是make sth. of sb.这一表达，意为使…成为…，made a rich man of me意即使我成为富翁。🎈I cannot do without them even for a single day.中的cannot do without是习语can do without（没有…也可以）的否定形式，意为没有…不可以。当我忙完了，累极了；当我愤怒时，苦恼时，我就想亲近它，因为这是一种绝妙的安抚。When I feel tired out after finishing my work, or when I am in a bad mood, I’ll try to get close to books for comfort — the best way for me to find spiritual consolation.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「当我忙完了，累极了」中前后两个小句间隐含着时间上的逻辑关系，在翻译中需要体现出来，即I feel tired out after finishing my work。「当我愤怒时，苦恼时」都是指心情不好，可直接译作I am in a bad mood。🎈the best way for me to find spiritual consolation位于破折号之后，是对前面的comfort进行补充说明。我真愿意成为十足的“书迷”和“书痴”，可惜还不够条件。Oh, if only I were a confirmed bibliomaniac or bookworm! But, unfortunately, I’m still not fully qualified for one yet!Q：「我真愿意…」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句表达的是一种不能实现的愿望，译作Oh, if only I were…，其中感叹词Oh是添加成分，起到加重语气的作用。因为表达的是不能实现的事情，所以要使用虚拟语气。这一句还可以译作O how I wish I were….。此外，原文中的「十足的」可译作confirmed。🎈后半句「可惜还不够条件」在翻译时添加了But, unfortunately，可以增强语气，充分体现作者内心的可惜之情。不知道谁是监狱的始作俑者。I don’t know who was the despicable originator of the prison.Q：「监狱的始作俑者」怎么翻译？🎈「监狱的始作俑者」意为可鄙的监狱创始人，可译作the despicable originator of the prison，其中despicable一词可体现出作者带有的对监狱的痛恨情绪。剥夺自由，诚然是人世最酷虐的刑法，但如果允许囚人有读书的权利，那还不算是自由的彻底丧失。我对此有惨痛的经验。Deprivation of freedom is the most savage punishment on earth for sure, but, as I’ve learned from my own personal bitter experience, if prisoners are permitted the right to read they should not be regarded as totally devoid of freedom.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「诚然」即「毫无疑问」，译为for sure，所在句的后面常接以but为首的并列句。🎈「我对此有惨痛的经验」是对前文所述内容的补充说明，在翻译时可以处理为插入语成分，向读者说明为何认为「如果允许囚人有读书的权利，那还不算是自由的彻底丧失」的缘由。对书的焚毁和禁锢，是最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮，可怕的历史倒退。Burning or banning books is the height of folly and barbarity, signifying a most horrible retrogression in history.Q：「是最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮」怎么翻译？🎈「最大的」和「十足的」都是用来形容最高的程度，可译作the height of folly and barbarity，其中the height of意为最高水平，表达最高级的意思，相当于is an act of the greatest folly and barbarity。🎈signifying a most horrible retrogression in history这一现在分词短语可以看作是一个修饰全句的非限制性定语从句的省略形式，其完整形式为which signifies a most horrible retrogression in history。当然书本里也有败类，那是瘟疫之神，死亡天使，当与世人共弃之。Of course there is also some rubbish among books to be avoided like the plague or Death by all.Q：「瘟疫之神，死亡天使」该怎么翻译？🎈此处是富有文学色彩的表达，在翻译时可以直接译出其本质内容即可the plague or Death，这样更易于外国读者理解。作家把自己写的书，送给亲友，献与读者，是最大的愉快。It is the greatest pleasure for a writer to present to his friends gift copies of a book authored by himself or to have it offered to the reading public.Q：to present to his friends gift copies of a book authored by himself中copies of a book authored by himself做什么成分？🎈这句的正常语序为to present gift copies of a book authored by himself to his friends，其中copies of a book authored by himself是gift的同位语成分，起补充说明的作用。如果他的书引起共鸣，得到赞美，那就是对他最好的酬谢。And he will feel richly rewarded if his book arouses public interest and earns wide acclaim.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「那就是对他最好的酬谢」属于评价性的表达，中文通常置于文末，但在翻译时要将其首先译出，即he will feel richly rewarded if，这样才更加符合英文表达习惯。其中feel richly rewarded意为得到丰厚的回报。在宁静的环境，悠闲的心情中静静地读书，是人生中最有味的享受。It is the greatest joy of life for one to spend his leisure time reading in quiet surroundings.Q：「人生中最有味的享受」怎么翻译？🎈「最有味的享受」可以理解为最大的享受，翻译时可以用最高级来表达，即the greatest joy of life。在“四人帮”覆亡的前夜，我曾经避开海洋般的冷漠与白眼，每天到龙华公园读书，拥有自己独立苍茫的世界。这是我一个终生难忘的经历。On the eve of the fall of the “Gang of Four”, I used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session, seeking shelter from a sea of frosty looks and hostile stares in a world of my own. That will forever remain an unforgettable experience of my life.Q：「我曾经避开海洋般的冷漠与白眼」怎么翻译？🎈这一句在原文中是指去公园读书的目的，即我曾经为了避开海洋般的冷漠与白眼，可译作seeking shelter from a sea of frosty looks and hostile stares，现在分词短语作目的状语。🎈「每天到龙华公园读书」译作used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session，其中session意为从事某种活动的一段时间。🎈「这是我一个终生难忘的经历」译作That will forever remain an unforgettable experience of my life.其中remain要比be更具有表达效果，突出这一经历对作者的影响之深。书本是太阳、空气、雨露。我不能设想，没有书的世界是什么样的世界。Books are sunlight and air, rain and dew. I can’t imagine what would become of the world without books.Q：I can’t imagine what would become of the world without books.中的become of是什么用法？🎈Become of是一个习语表达，表示「发生、遭遇」，通常情况下与what连用，of后接人或物，表达「某人或某事物会怎么样」。🔥必背词汇frosty adj.冷淡的；冷若冰霜的英义unfriendly, in a way that suggests that sb. does not approve of sth. 例句The president may get a frosty reception in New Hampshire… 总统在新罕布什尔州可能会受到冷遇。folly n.愚蠢；愚笨；愚蠢的想法（或事情、行为）英义a lack of good judgement; the fact of doing sth. stupid; an activity or idea that shows a lack of judgement 例句It’s sheer folly to build nuclear power stations in a country that has dozens of earthquakes every year. 在每年会发生几十次地震的国家建造核电站简直就是愚蠢至极。barbarity n.暴行；残忍英义behaviour that deliberately causes extreme pain or suffering to others 例句Rebellions were put down with appalling barbarity. 叛变被残酷地镇压了下去。despicable adj.令人厌恶的；可鄙的；卑鄙的英义very unpleasant or evil 例句The Minister said the bombing was a despicable crime. 部长说这次爆炸是一起卑劣的罪行。snobbery n. 势利态度（或行为）；自以为优越的态度（或行为）英义the attitudes and behaviour of people who are snobs例句There was very little snobbery or class-consciousness in the wartime navy. 战时的海军中很少有势利眼，阶级意识也不强。abject adj.悲惨绝望的；凄惨的英义terrible and without hope 例句Both of them died in abject poverty. 他们两人都于穷困潦倒中死去。indebted adj.感激的；蒙恩的英义(formal) grateful to sb for helping you 例句I am deeply indebted to my family for all their help.我深深感激我的家人给我的所有帮助。🔥重点表达满怀感激 be deeply indebted to委身于沟壑 ended up in abject misery愚昧的头脑，鄙塞的心灵 stupidity and ignorance从不吝惜 spare no efforts to暮年 in one’s declining years人情冷暖，世态炎凉 social snobbery or fickleness of the world十足的“书迷”和“书痴” a confirmed bibliomaniac or bookworm…的始作俑者 the despicable originator of可怕的历史倒退 a most horrible retrogression in history最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮 the height of folly and barbarity读者 the reading public最好的酬谢 feel richly rewarded得到赞美 earns wide acclaim在宁静的环境 in quiet surroundings避开 seeking shelter from🔥复盘测试满怀感激委身于沟壑愚昧的头脑，鄙塞的心灵从不吝惜暮年人情冷暖，世态炎凉十足的“书迷”和“书痴”…的始作俑者可怕的历史倒退最大的愚蠢，十足的野蛮读者最好的酬谢得到赞美在宁静的环境避开🔥表达对比关于「感激」的不同表达不料六一公公竟非常感激起来， To my surprise, the old man was greatly pleased.我自然感激他们。 Nevertheless I was grateful to them.说到书，我很动感情。因为它给我带来温暖，我对它满怀感激。 I always think of books with profound feeling, being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me.哪一刹不该顶礼膜拜感激欢欣呢？ Which moment shouldn’t we count our blessings and be thankful?要等到我失去了我最好的朋友、26年的妻子、以及三个孩子的母亲，才让我真正学会去感激每一天。it took me losing my best friend, my wife of 26 years and the mother of my three children, to truly appreciate each and every day.
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柯灵《别了，贺年片》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
