Rain in My Old Home江南的春天素称多雨，一落就是七八天。Spring in the south is known to be rainy. During this season, it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end.Q:「一落就是七八天」该怎么翻译？🎈这句话的意思为「要下雨，就会下七八天」，可以译作it never rains there but it remains wet for seven or eight days on end，其中主语+never …but 主语+谓语动词 …意为「未有…而不…」。根据语意，这一句还可以译作it never rains there without remaining wet for seven or eight days on end，其中wet和rainy同义，意为多雨的，on end和continuously、at a time意思相同。住在上海的人们，平日既感不到雨的需要，一旦下雨，天气是那么阴沉，谁也耐不住闷在狭小的家里；Dwellers in Shanghai, who usually do not feel the need for rain, will be bored with having to confine themselves in their close quarters when outside it is gloomy with rain.Q：「谁也耐不住闷在狭小的家里」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为谁也受不了一直把自己关在家里，因此可以译作will be bored with having to confine themselves in their close quarters，其中be bored with对应原文中的「耐不住」，confine … in意为将…禁闭于…，对应原文中的「把自己关在家里」，close quarters则指的是狭小的空间。可是跑到外面，没有山，没有湖，也没有经雨的嫩绿的叶子，一切都不及晴天好；While in the open, seeing no mountains, nor lakes, nor rain-drenched soft green leaves, you’ll find nothing comparable to a fine day.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈中文原文中没有出现明确的主语，但在翻译时我们必须根据语意补充出合适的主语，在这里可以选取第二人称为视角，用you来作主语。🎈「没有山，没有湖」指的是在外边看不到这些景物，故翻译时使用there be句型来表存在不太恰当，可以人为视角，译作seeing no mountains, nor lakes。「经雨的」意为被雨打湿的，译作rain-drenched。有时阔人的汽车从你身旁驰过，还得带一身泥污回来。Sometimes, worse still, a rich man’s car flashing past may splash you all over with mud.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈在翻译时，可以直接以「阔人的汽车」为主语，将「从你身旁驰过」这一条件处理为前者的修饰成分，译作a rich man’s car flashing past may splash you all over with mud，这要比根据字面直译为时间状语从句更为简洁地道。🎈根据上文内容，这里作者所说的是一个更加糟糕的情况，因此翻译时添加worse still可以体现出这种语意递进的意味。记得六七年前初来上海读书，校里的功课特别忙，往往自修到午夜；I remember when I first came to Shanghai to attend school six or seven years ago, I used to be so very busy with my homework that I often had to sit up late into the night.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句是作者当下对于过去的回忆，回忆部分的时态为一般过去时态，进行回忆的这一动作则要使用一般现在时态来表示更为恰当。🎈「校里的功课特别忙」的意思为当时我忙于学校的功课，可译作I used to be so very busy with my homework。那年偏又多雨，淅淅沥沥，打窗飘瓦，常常扰乱我看书的情绪。As it happened to be a rainy year, I was often disturbed by the pitter-patter of rain beating down against the window and roof.Q：「淅淅沥沥，打窗飘瓦」该怎么翻译？🎈「淅淅沥沥」是对雨的声音的形容，在英文中有对应的表达，在这里可译作the pitter-patter of rain，「打窗飘瓦」是对雨下起来时的动作进行具体描述，又因为根据语意这一动作在原文中属于次要的（下文出现的「扰乱我…」才是主要动作），因此可以处理为分词形式做修饰成分，可译作the pitter-patter of rain beating down against the window and roof。我虽然不像岂明老人那样额其斋曰：“苦雨”，天天坐在里面嘘气，但也的确有点“深恶而痛绝之”的念头。Indeed, I dislike rain with no less intensity than the elderly gentleman Qi Ming, who sits about moaning about the wet weather all day in his study, over the doorway of which hangs a horizontal board bearing an inscription in his own hand, “Distressing-Rain Study”.Q：「额其斋曰：‘苦雨’」该怎么翻译？🎈「额」有牌匾的意思，在这里名词动用，意为给自己的书房取名题字「苦雨」，挂在书房的正门上，可译作over the doorway of which hangs a horizontal board bearing an inscription in his own hand, ‘Distressing-Rain Study’，其中in his own hand意为「亲手…」。🎈「天天坐在里面嘘气」是指整天坐在书房里唉声叹气，译作sits about moaning about the wet weather all day in his study，其中 moan相当于sigh，sit about的意思为「整天懒洋洋地闲坐着」，内涵与sit略有不同。🎈原文中「我虽然不像…但也的确有点」实际所表达的意思为不亚于…，英文中有对应表达no lees than可以使用，原文可译作I dislike rain with no less intensity than…。可是这种事情只在上海才会有。But that’s something which can be experienced in Shanghai only.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈纵观全文，主要是以「我」的视角来写的，因此这里翻译为that’s something which can be experienced in Shanghai only，使用can be experience要比直接译为主动语态的exists更符合全文叙述视角。少时留居家乡，当春雨像鹅毛般落着的时候，登楼眺望，远处的山色被一片烟雨笼住，村落恍惚，若有若无，雨中的原野新鲜而又幽静，使人不易忘怀！I’ll never forget the days when I enjoyed the spring rain in my native place as a small child. I would go upstairs to take a distant look. The faraway mountains were veiled in a misty rain. The villages were now visible, now invisible. The wet open country was fresh and serene.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈中文表达习惯于将评价性的词语放置在文末，而在英文中则恰恰相反，通常会将评价性的成分在开头处先交代出来，然后再进行事实陈述。因此，原文中的「…使人不易忘怀」是对于少时家乡的雨景的评价，在翻译时要放置到开头位置，即I’ll never forget the days when…。🎈「当春雨像鹅毛般落着的时候」在翻译时直接译为the spring rain，这是因为将春雨形容为「像鹅毛般」不太符合外国读者对于雨的形象的认知，因此若直译出来则会导致读者困惑不已，处于这层考虑，在这里将其省略。🎈「村落恍惚，若有若无」意为村落忽隐忽现，可译作The villages were now visible, now invisible.其中now…now…，意为「时而…,时而…」。尤其可爱的是夜间。And the rainy evening was even more lovely.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈根据上下文内容可知，原文中的「夜间」是指雨夜，而非普通意义上的夜晚，因此翻译时要将这一语意译出，即the rainy evening。🎈「尤其可爱」是与前文提到的多雨的白天进行比较，含有语意递进的意味，因此可译作…was even more lovely。不知哪一年春天，我和两个同伴，摇着小船到十里外一个镇上看社戏，完场已是午夜，归途遇雨，船在河塘中缓缓前进，灯火暗到辨不出人面，船身擦着河岸新生的茅草，发出沙沙的声音。One spring, together with two companions, I rowed a small boat to a townlet ten li away to see a village opera. At midnight, after the performance was over, we got caught in a rain on the way home. The boat made its way slowly and our faces were hardly distinguishable by the dim light of the lantern. Rustles were heard as the boat rubbed its body against the newly grown green grass by the river bank.Q：原文小句较多，该怎么翻译？🎈面对原文有多个小句，无法一步到位进行翻译处理时，我们应当根据内容对原文进行意群划分。在这里，原文可以根据语意划分为三部分，这样的划分会便于我们后续的翻译。🎈「完场」意为演出结束后，可译作after the performance was over。🎈「船身擦着河岸新生的茅草，发出沙沙的声音」译作Rustles were heard as the boat rubbed its body against the newly grown green grass by the river bank.不拘泥于原文内容，以沙沙的声音为主语，处理巧妙。雨打乌篷，悠扬疾徐，如听音乐，如闻节拍，和着同伴们土著的歌谣，“河桥风雨夜推篷”，真够使人神往。The rain beating on the awning gave off a pleasant sound, as if with musical rhythm and cadence. My companions began to sing, to the accompaniment of the drip-drop, the local folk song In a Boat by a Bridge on a Rainy Night. It was truly fascinating.Q：「悠扬疾徐，如听音乐，如闻节拍」该怎么翻译？🎈这是对雨打乌篷所发出的声音的描述，意为声音悦耳，好似音乐和节拍，可译作The rain beating on the awning gave off a pleasant sound, as if with musical rhythm and cadence.🎈「和着同伴们土著的歌谣」意即「伴随着同伴们唱的地方歌谣」，翻译时可将语序颠倒，按「伴随着雨声，同伴们唱起一支地方歌谣」处理，即My companions began to sing, to the accompaniment of the drip-drop, the local folk song In a Boat by a Bridge on a Rainy Night.原文中的「河桥风雨夜推篷」为地方歌谣的歌名，翻译时单词首字母要大写。🎈「真够使人神往」是对上文内容的总体性评价，可以单独译出，起强调作用。这几年投荒到都市，每值淫雨，听着滞涩枯燥的调子，回念故乡景色，觉得连雨声也变了。In recent years, living, as I do, in a big city remote from my old home, I invariably feel homesick listening to the harsh, monotonous drip, drip, drip of the rain.Q：「投荒」该怎么翻译？🎈「投荒」本意为贬谪，或被流放到荒远处，在这里仅指寄居远地，含有身不由己的意味，译作living, as I do, in a big city remote from my old home，其中as I do用在此处是为了加强语气。🎈「听着滞涩枯燥的调子」可以理解为听着刺耳而又单调的调子，因此可译作listening to the harsh, monotonous drip, drip, drip of the rain，其中drip, drip, drip是一处拟声词表达，在这里对应原文的「调子」，意为滴滴答答的雨声。此外，这一现在分词短语在文中充当时间状语成分。人事的变迁，更何待说呢！O even the sound of rain has changed, to say nothing of the affairs of human life!Q：「更何待说」该怎么翻译？🎈「更何待说」意为更不必说，在这里是结合上文作者发出的感慨，即连雨声都会变，更何况是人事的变化呢，可译作O even the sound of rain has changed, to say nothing of the affairs of human life!其中to say nothing of意为姑且不说，更不用说。🔥必背词汇cadence n.（说话时语调的）抑扬顿挫，起落英义(formal) the rise and fall of the voice in speaking 例句He delivered his words in slow, measured cadences. 他讲话缓慢而抑扬顿挫、把握有度。serene adj.平静的；宁静的；安详的英义calm and peaceful 例句a lake, still and serene in the sunlight 阳光下宁静安谧的湖水quarters n.（士兵、服务人员等的）营房，宿舍，住房英义rooms that are provided for soldiers, servants, etc. to live in 例句We were moved to more comfortable living quarters . 我们搬进了较舒适的住处。row v.划（船）英义to move a boat through water using oars (= long wooden poles with flat ends) 例句We rowed around the island. 我们绕着岛划船。splash v.泼洒；哗啦哗啦地溅；噼里啪啦地落英义(of liquid) to fall noisily onto a surface 例句Water splashed onto the floor. 水哗的一声泼洒在地板上。🔥重点表达素称多雨 is known to be rainy耐不住 be bored with一切都不及…好 find nothing comparable to…驰过 flash past嘘气 moan about被一片烟雨笼住 be veiled in a misty rain摇着小船 rowed a small boat滞涩枯燥的调子 the harsh, monotonous drip, drip, drip of the rain更何待说 to say nothing of🔥复盘测试素称多雨耐不住一切都不及…好驰过嘘气被一片烟雨笼住摇着小船滞涩枯燥的调子更何待说🔥表达对比关于「更不用说」的不同表达腊月里做酒、蒸糕更不用说了。 For making wine and steaming rolls for the winter sacrifice, this went without saying.它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了。 Their leaves are broad and point upwards with very few slanting sideways, much less upside down.慕克吉取消了任何在食品补贴方面的消减计划，因为这在道德上行不通（更不用说在政治层面上)… Mr Mukherjee rules out any cuts in food subsidies as morally not to mention politically impossible,…人事的变迁，更何待说呢！O even the sound of rain has changed, to say nothing of the affairs of human life!
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