Forgetting the Past Is a Crime冯亦代Feng Yidai日本军国主义的残余到今天还拒不承认日本帝国主义侵略中国和亚洲的事实，但作为一个中国人的我，却不能忘却日本军人对中国人民犯下的血债。Today remnants of the Japanese militarists still refuse to admit the aggression against China and other Asian countries by Japanese imperialism. As a Chinese, however, I can never forget the blood debts owed by the Japanese military to the Chinese people.Q:「日本军人对中国人民犯下的血债」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为「日本军人欠中国人民的血债」，译作the blood debts owed by the Japanese military to the Chinese people，其中owe意为「欠（债）」，后接所欠的债，to后接欠债的对象。🎈「日本帝国主义侵略中国和亚洲的事实」译作the aggression against China and other Asian countries by Japanese imperialism，其中要注意aggression所搭配的介词为against，除此之外还可以和on和upon搭配。抗战八年，中国人死了二千多万，单是南京屠城就杀害了三十万，而且大都是老弱妇孺，During the eight-year War of Resistance Against Japan, Japanese troops killed a total of more than 20 million Chinese. In the Rape of Nanking alone, they slaughtered as many as 300,000, most of them old and weak and women and children. Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈结合上下文，这一句翻译时以「日本军人」为主语比较便于表达处理。「中国人死了二千多万」可译作Japanese troops killed a total of more than 20 million Chinese。🎈「南京屠城」即为「南京大屠杀」，国外常称之为the Rape of Nanking，其中rape意为「洗劫」，此处也可译作the massacre of Nanjing。🎈「而且大都是老弱妇孺」译作most of them old and weak and women and children，是独立主格most of them being old and weak and women and children，其中省略了being。日本军人犯下的弥天大罪有事实为证，特别是那些亲身参加杀戮、活埋、奸污、残害的凶犯，时至今日，他们天良发现承认了自己的罪行并表示忏悔，这又岂是那些军国主义残余分子和政客所能掩盖抹杀的。The monstrous crimes of the Japanese military have been evidenced by hard facts. And what’s more, some Japanese ex-soldiers who took part in massacres, brutal acts of burying people alive, rapes or murders, have now been aroused by conscience to confess their crimes and show repentance. Could all that be covered up or blotted out by remnants of the Japanese militarists and a handful of Japanese politicians?Q：「有事实为证」怎么翻译？🎈「有事实为证」可译作have been evidenced by hard facts，其中hard一词意为「确实的，铁一般的」，是译文中根据原文内容补充出的增益成分，原文虽无其词而有其意。🎈「亲身参加杀戮、活埋、奸污、残害」译作took part in massacres, brutal acts of burying people alive, rapes or murders，其中brutal acts是对「活埋」这一行径的补充说明，便于国外读者理解。🎈「天良发现」译作have now been aroused by conscience，意即「被自己的良知唤醒」。在此八年日帝的铁蹄在中国大陆横行的时候，我的亲属在日帝的轰炸、占领下死掉的就有三人之多。During the eight years when the Japanese invaders were running amok in China, they took the lives of three of my relatives.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈「日帝的铁蹄在中国大陆横行」具有一定的比喻意义，意即「日本侵略者在中国横行暴虐」，可译作the Japanese invaders were running amok in China，其中习语run amok意为「乱砍乱杀，胡作非为」🎈「我的亲属在日帝的轰炸、占领下死掉的就有三人之多」中的内容在下文有具体交代，素以此处翻译时可不进行赘述，直接译作they took the lives of three of my relatives。今天我已进入耄耋之年，但是偶一合眼，还能见到他们的容颜。Today, in my declining years, I can still occasionally recall their features distinctly.Q：「还能见到他们的容颜」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思是「我还可以在脑海中回想起他们的容颜」，译作I can still occasionally recall their features distinctly，其中「容颜」应译作features，而不译为faces，是因为features着重面部表情和长相，而face仅仅指面部而已。日本的刽子手可以拿忠君爱国作挡箭牌，遮掩他们的兽行，但受日本侵略的中国人民却是永远不会忘记的。No matter how hard the Japanese butchers may try to gloss over their wartime savagery in the name of patriotism or loyalty to the Mikado, the people of China will never forget their past crimes.Q：「拿忠君爱国作挡箭牌」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为「以忠君爱国的名义」，可译作in the name of patriotism or loyalty to the Mikado，其中「忠君」不宜直译为loyalty to the monarch，应结合上下文译作loyalty to the Japanese emperor或loyalty to the Mikado，后者用外来语Mikado或tenno（天皇），更鲜明醒目。🎈「但受日本侵略的中国人民却是永远不会忘记的」中「永远不会忘记」的对象为前文所提到的日本侵略者过去所犯下的罪行，在翻译时要对此进行补充，译作the people of China will never forget their past crimes。我的二叔冯强士是个留学日本的医生，起先在杭州浙江病院行医，他为自己救死扶伤的工作自豪，认为医药事业没有国界之分。My uncle Feng Qiangshi, a returned student from Japan, was by profession a doctor. At first, while working at Zhejiang Hospital in Hangzhou, he took great pride in doing a job aimed at healing the wounded and rescuing the dying, and regarded the medical profession as transcending national boundaries.Q：「我的二叔冯强士是个留学日本的医生」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句翻译成「名词+定语从句」的形式也未尝不可，但在这里这一句是对「我的二叔」的简介，有交代背景的作用，因此单独译出则更能突出重点，因此译作My uncle Feng Qiangshi, a returned student from Japan, was by profession a doctor.其中by profession意为「以…为职业」后来他的一个日本老师介绍他到青岛胶济铁路四方医院做主治医生，一直到1937年七七事变以后，Later, through recommendation of a Japanese teacher of his, he became a physician in charge at Qingdao Sifang Hospital affiliated to the Qingdao-Jinan Railway until after the outbreak of the July 7 Incident of 1937, an incident staged by the Japanese imperialists in initiating their all-out war of aggression against China. Q：「到青岛胶济铁路四方医院做主治医生」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句译作became a physician in charge at Qingdao Sifang Hospital affiliated to the Qingdao-Jinan Railway，其中a physician in charge at意为「在…做主治医生」。此外，「青岛胶济铁路四方医院」是指「附属于青岛胶济铁路的四方医院」，因此译作Qingdao Sifang Hospital affiliated to the Qingdao-Jinan Railway。🎈「一直到1937年七七事变以后」译作until after the outbreak of the July 7 Incident of 1937, an incident staged by the Japanese imperialists in initiating their all-out war of aggression against China，其中an incident staged by … aggression against China是译文中的增益成分，用以说明七七事变的起因，帮助外国读者更好地理解原文的意思，属于释义性翻译。日本海军占领了青岛到济南的铁路沿线一带，他因为不能忍受日本浪人和军人的气焰，便托故辞职回到上海。After the Japanese navy occupied our territory along the Qingdao-Jinan Railway, he had no choice but to resign on a pretext and return to Shanghai because he could no longer put up with the arrogance of Japanese ronin and armymen.Q：「日本浪人」怎么翻译？🎈「日本浪人」译作Japanese ronin，其中ronin是源自日语的外来语，原本指「日本失业武士」，后来指「为日本军国主义所利用的日本流氓或无业游民」。🎈「托故辞职」意思是「找借口辞职」，可译作resign on a pretext。那时我父亲也由汉口疏散回沪，两老弟兄便在上海租界做寓公。At that time, my father happened to have been evacuated to Shanghai from Hankou, so he and uncle now both made a home in the then foreign settlement.Q:so he and uncle now both made a home in the then foreign settlement中是过去时态为什么会出现进行时的标志词now？🎈Now与过去时态连用时，指的是过去背景下的「现在」，可以理解为「那时，当时，这时」。这种用法常见于故事或对以前情况的叙述中。🎈「寓公」原指客居在别国、外乡的官僚、贵族，后凡流亡寄居他乡或别国的官僚、士绅等都称「寓公」。在这里「在上海租界做寓公」意为「客居他乡」，译作made a home in the then foreign settlement。大概到了1943年，二叔身体恢复健康后，他不愿在上海做“顺民”，便约了他的一位老友取道浙赣到重庆来，但就在江西路上一次日机轰炸中，二叔不幸被炸重伤去世。My uncle, however, was unwilling to be a “docile subject” under foreign rule, so he set out with an old friend for Chongqing via Zhejiang and Jiangxi Provinces. But, unfortunately, while on the way through Jiangxi, he died of serious wounds during a Japanese bombing raid.Q：「顺民」该怎么翻译？🎈「顺民」在旧时是指归附于外族侵略者或新统治者的人，译作 ‘docile subject’ under foreign rule，其中docile意为「温顺的，顺从的」。🎈「大概到了1943年，二叔身体恢复健康后」与上文并没有直接联系，在上文也没有进行交代，不译出也不会对译文内容造成很大的影响，因此进行省译也未尝不可。那时我在重庆得到他的来信，便日日夜夜盼望他的到来，但等到的是他遇难的噩耗。I was then in Chongqing and, after receiving a letter from him, had been eagerly awaiting his arrival only to be stunned by the sad news of his tragic death.Q：「但等到的是他遇难的噩耗」怎么翻译？🎈这一句表示的是一种意料之外的结果，可译作only to be stunned by the sad news of his tragic death，其中only to do通常多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果，后接的动词多是终结性的词，如find，learn，to be told等。到今天我也不知他死亡的详情，也不知他埋骨的地方。Up to now, I still don’t know the details of his death, nor do I know where his bones were laid.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈根据开头的「到今天」可知，这一句讲的是现在发生的状况，因此时态选用一般现在时态。🎈这一句的意思为「我既不知道他死亡的详情，也不知道他尸骨埋在哪里」，因此可译作I still don’t know the details of his death, nor do I know where his bones were laid.其中否定连词nor后接的句子要进行部分倒装。我有时还会想到他不免凄然。Often a feeling of sadness will come over me when I think of him.Q：这一句该怎么翻译？🎈这一句译作Often a feeling of sadness will come over me when I think of him.并没有拘泥于原文字面，以「凄然」的情绪为主语，其中come over是成语，意为「开始支配」，等同于take possession of或seize。他是个早期的日本留学生，可他对于日帝的侵华却感到痛心疾首。想不到最后还是死在日本军国主义分子的魔手里。He was among one of the early groups of returned students from Japan, but he bitterly resented the Japanese invasion of China and never expected himself to end up in a tragic death in the hands of the Japanese militarists.Q：「最后还是死在日本军国主义分子的魔手里」怎么翻译？🎈这一句含有「结局」的意味，可译作end up in a tragic death in the hands of the Japanese militarists，其中end up in意为「以…为结果」。二叔有个女儿，是他前妻的遗孤，生来有些弱智，日帝部队进入杭州，在一次抢劫中，她不幸落入这些兽类的手里，从此人世里就失掉了这个可怜弱女的踪迹；她失踪的年龄不过二十多岁。My uncle had a mentally retarded daughter by his former wife. Unfortunately, she fell a victim to the bestiality of Japanese soldiers when they ransacked the city of Hangzhou. The whereabouts of the poor little girl have since remained unknown. She disappeared at the age of barely over twenty.Q：「她不幸落入这些兽类的手里」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句可以理解为「她不幸遭受到了这些日本侵略者的迫害」，译作she fell a victim to the bestiality of Japanese soldiers，其中fall a victim to意为「成为…的受害者」或「成为…的牺牲者」。另一个战时失踪的是我的大姑母的独生子、我的大表哥任堉，因为幼年失怙，身有残疾，所以一直住在我家里。Another relative of mine missing in the war was Cousin Ren Yu, my aunt’s only son. Having lost his father in his childhood and being physically handicapped, he had long been living in my home.Q：「幼年失怙」怎么翻译？🎈「幼年失怙」指的是幼年丧父，在这里译作Having lost his father in his childhood…，在译文中是以现在分词短语的形式充当原因状语。抗战军兴，他和一些同伴跨过钱塘江去参加中国共产党组织的浙东抗日游击队，以后失掉了消息，也许他已为自己的祖国献出了年轻的生命。After the outbreak of the war, he crossed the Qiantang River with some of his friends to join the East Zhejiang Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Detachment organized by the Communist Party of China. Since then, we have never heard from him. Presumably he has laid down his young life for his motherland.Q：「也许他已为自己的祖国献出了年轻的生命」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句可译作Presumably he has laid down his young life for his motherland.其中presumably表达一种猜测的语气，且表示所猜测的结果的可能性很大。此外，这一句还可译作Most probably he has given his young life to save his own country.其中most probably等同于presumably。日本军国主义的残余分子和无耻的政客，一心要装出日本是第二次世界大战中的受害者和以亚洲的解放者自居，真是天大的谎话；The remanent Japanese militarists and a handful of shameless Japanese politicians have been bent on making believe that Japan was the victim of World War II and the liberator of Asia. What a pack of lies!Q：「一心要装出日本是第二次世界大战中的受害者和以亚洲的解放者自居」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思为「一心想要假装自己是第二次世界大战中的受害者和以亚洲的解放者」，可译作have been bent on making believe that Japan was the victim of World War II and the liberator of Asia，其中be bent on意为「一心想要…」🎈「日本军国主义的残余分子」除译作remnants of the Japanese militarists，还可译作the remanent Japanese militarists，这样的表达较为简短，其中形容词remanent与remaining同义。而二千多万中国人的死亡，却是日本军国主义残酷暴行的最好佐证。The death of 20 million Chinese is irrefutable evidence of barbaric atrocities committed by Japanese militarism.Q：「最好佐证」该怎么翻译？🎈这里的「最好」是指「最有力的」或「不可否认的」，因此可以译作irrefutable evidence of…，若按照字面译作best则不符原意。日本军国主义残余分子和政客百般抵赖他们的罪行，但是中国和亚洲的人民却永远不会忘掉他们经历过的苦难。The remanent Japanese militarists and a handful of Japanese politicians have been trying in every possible way to deny their crimes, but the people of China and other Asian countries will never forget the untold sufferings they went through during the war.Q：「百般抵赖」该怎么翻译？🎈「百般抵赖」的意思是「用尽一切办法来否认…」，可译作try in every possible way to deny…🎈「他们经历过的苦难」可译作the untold sufferings they went through during the war，其中untold意为「难以形容的」，起到增强表达效果的作用。我们将会一次复一次地重提日帝带给我们的暴行，同时也要求日本人民起来正视日本军国主义分子对他们的欺骗行为，对他们的叫嚣有所警惕，这对于热爱和平的日本人民也是十分必要的。We will unremittingly condemn the brutalities of the Japanese imperialists, and, meanwhile, call on the Japanese people to see through their deceptions and keep a vigilant watch on their clamour. All that is crucial for the peace-loving people of Japan.Q：「我们将会一次复一次地重提日帝带给我们的暴行」该怎么翻译？🎈这一句的意思是「我们将不断地谴责日帝带给我们的暴行」，故译作We will unremittingly condemn the brutalities of the Japanese imperialists，而未译作We will reiterate again and again the brutalities of the Japanese imperialists。🎈「日本人民起来正视日本军国主义分子对他们的欺骗行为」中的「正视」可以理解为「看穿，识破」，可译作see through their deceptions。🔥必背词汇docile adj.驯服的；易驾驭的；易控制的英义quiet and easy to control 英义Circus monkeys are trained to be very docile and obedient.马戏团的猴子训练得服服贴贴的.stun v.使震惊（或惊愕、目瞪口呆）英义to surprise or shock sb. so much that they cannot think clearly or speak 英义Many cinema-goers were stunned by the film’s violent and tragic end.许多来看电影的人都被这部影片暴力而悲惨的结局所震惊。retarded adj.迟钝的；弱智的；智力发育迟缓的英义less developed mentally than is normal for a particular age 英义He was so slow that many thought him mentally retarded.他迟钝得很,许多人以为他智力低下.ransack v.洗劫；（为找东西）把…翻腾得乱七八糟英义to make a place untidy, causing damage, because you are looking for sth 英义She ransack my apartment for the bankbook.她在我公寓里到处搜索寻找存折.irrefutable adj.无可辩驳的；不能否认的英义(formal) that cannot be proved wrong and that must therefore be accepted 英义The pictures provide irrefutable evidence of the incident.这些照片为这起事件提供了不容辩驳的证据。clamour n.喧闹声；嘈杂声；吵闹英义a loud noise especially one that is made by a lot of people or animals 英义She could hear a clamour in the road outside.她能听得见外面路上的吵闹声。unremitting adj.不停的；不懈的；持续不断的英义(formal) never stopping 英义He watched her with unremitting attention.他一直全神贯注地注视着她。savagery n.残暴行为英义behaviour that is very cruel and violent 英义They threw away their advantage by their savagery to the black population.他们因为野蛮对待黑人居民而丧失了自己的有利地位. distinct adj.确定无疑的；确实的；确切的英义used to emphasize that you think an idea or situation definitely exists and is important 英义I had the distinct impression I was being watched.我确实感到有人在监视我。🔥重点表达抗战八年 the eight-year War of Resistance Against Japan南京屠城 the Rape of Nanking老弱妇孺 old and weak and women and children弥天大罪 monstrous crimes活埋 brutal acts of burying people alive军国主义残余分子 remnants of the Japanese militarists天良发现 be aroused by conscience横行 run amok耄耋之年 in one’s declining years忠君爱国 patriotism or loyalty to the Mikado拿…作挡箭牌 in the name of遮掩 gloss over兽行 wartime savagery救死扶伤 healing the wounded and rescuing the dying没有国界之分 transcending national boundaries做主治医生 become a physician in charge at…1937年七七事变 the July 7 Incident of 1937忍受 put up with托故 on a pretext做寓公 make a home in租界 the foreign settlement顺民 docile subject日机轰炸 a Japanese bombing raid凄然 a feeling of sadness日本留学生 returned students from Japan痛心疾首 bitterly resent最后死在 end up in a tragic death in不幸落入 fall a victim to幼年失怙 lose his father in his childhood身有残疾 be physically handicapped抗日游击队 guerrilla detachment一心要 be bent on装出 make believe that最好佐证 irrefutable evidence of…的残酷暴行 barbaric atrocities committed by百般抵赖 try in every possible way to deny正视 see through对…有所警惕 keep a vigilant watch on热爱和平的 peace-loving🔥复盘测试抗战八年南京屠城老弱妇孺弥天大罪活埋军国主义残余分子天良发现横行耄耋之年忠君爱国拿…作挡箭牌遮掩兽行救死扶伤没有国界之分做主治医生1937年七七事变忍受托故做寓公租界顺民日机轰炸凄然日本留学生痛心疾首最后死在不幸落入幼年失怙身有残疾抗日游击队一心要装出最好佐证…的残酷暴行百般抵赖正视对…有所警惕热爱和平的🔥表达对比有关「（产生）警惕」的不同说法我不但常常感念我的父母，我也常常警惕我们应当怎样做父母。Not only do I always remember my parents with gratitude, I also always bear in mind how we should behave ourselves as parents.…同时也要求日本人民起来正视日本军国主义分子对他们的欺骗行为，对他们的叫嚣有所警惕，这对于热爱和平的日本人民也是十分必要的。…meanwhile, call on the Japanese people to see through their deceptions and keep a vigilant watch on their clamour.细想起来实在值得警惕。It is certainly alarming when we come to think of it.梁振英首次引起商界精英的警惕还是在上世纪90年代末。The business elite first became wary of Mr Leung in the late 1990s when…因此，购买云计算服务的用户必须警惕陷入连环套的风险… So buyers of cloud-computing services must take account of the dangers of lock-in… 但她没有放弃接下来的行程，并希望其他女性去旅行，但要保持警惕——永远保持警惕。She is still on the road, and wants other women to travel, but to be on alert — always.“这已经令我产生警惕，”莱特曼说。“That was already a red flag to me,” Reitman said.
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冯亦代《我的第一位美国老师》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
