Throwing off My Dark Shadow巴金Ba Jin🔥背景知识：《撇弃》是巴金写于1941年8月4 日的一篇优美散文，后编入他的散文集《龙·虎·狗》。文章反映作者追求光明的坚定意志和大无畏精神。凉夜，我一个人走在雨湿的街心，街灯的微光使我眼前现出一片昏黄。It was a cool evening. I was walking down a rain-drenched street by myself. In the faint light of the street lamps, all was a blur before me.🎈「我一个人走在雨湿的街心」如译为I was walking down a street wet with rain by myself也可，但其中wet with rain可修饰主语I 或a street。为了避免模棱两可，现译I was walking down a rain-drenched street by myself，rain-drenched作为前置定语修饰street。🎈「街灯的微光使我眼前现出一片昏黄」往常出现「使……」，我们可能会习惯性的用make，但此句译文In the faint light of the street lamps, all was a blur before me换了一种思维方式，可以体会一下。两个老妇的脚声跟着背影远远地消失了。The footfalls of two old women disappeared in the distance as well as their receding figures.🎈此句可译为The footballs of two old women disappeared in the distance as well as their receding figures或The receding figures and footballs of two old women disappeared in the distance，但前者分清了「背影」或「脚声」先后主次，似较可取。🎈「远远地消失了」其中「远远地」由副词变成介词词组，译为disappear in the distance。我的前面是阴暗，又似乎是空虚。I was faced with darkness or, perhaps, emptiness.🎈be faced with 面临，面对例句What’s more, we have been faced with fierce competition here.而且，我们在这里面临着激烈的竞争。我在找寻炫目的光辉。但是四周只有几点垂死的灯光。I had been searching for dazzling brilliance, only to find a few dying lamplights around me.🎈「但是四周只有几点垂死的灯光」译为only to find a few dying lamplights around me，only to词组表达的是意料之外。如He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.他急匆匆的跑到办公室，结果被告知他被炒了。我的脚不感到疲倦。The walk didn’t tire my feet.🎈此句变为无灵主语The walk。此表达方式可以试着运用，非常地道。我不记得我已经走了若干时候，也不知道还要走若干路程。I didn’t know how long I had been walking, or how far I still had to go.🎈how long多久🎈how far多远一个影子在后面紧紧跟着我。他走路没有声音。I found a shadow following me closely and quietly.🎈find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 🎈「他走路没有声音」直接译为quietly即可，不用再另起一句。我好像听见他在我的耳边低声讲话。It seemed that he had been whispering into my ear.🎈「好像听见」提醒我们这是一个虚拟语气，用had done。我回过头，看不见一个人，等我再往前走，我又听见有人在我后面说话。I looked back, but not a soul in sight. Then, when I walked on, I heard the same voice again.🎈「我回过头，看不见一个人」可译为I looked back, but not a soul in sight或I turned back my head only to find no one behind，前者比较简练。🎈「我又听见有人在我后面说话」前文也提到了有人在说话，故此处意即「我又听到了一个同样的声音」，故译为I heard the same voice again。“谁？”我问道。Who is it? I asked.Q: 为什么此处用it？🎈因为it可以指身份不明的人，我们并不知道ta是谁，也不知道其性别。“我，”这是一个熟悉的声音。“Me”, sounded a familiar voice.🎈是一个熟悉的声音 sound a familiar voice“你是谁，为什么紧紧跟着我？”“Who are you? Why have you been following me closely?”🎈「为什么紧紧跟着我」用了现在完成时，因为影子跟着「我」有一段时间了，故译为Why have you been following me closely。“我是你的影子。我从来就跟在你后面。”“I’m your shadow. I’ve always been at your heels.”🎈跟在你后面 be at your heels“那么请你出来，让我见你一面。我不要听你那些叽哩咕噜。”Then please come out so that I can take a look at you. I’m tired of your gabbling.🎈「请你出来」译为祈使句please come out，符合当时语境。🎈让我见你一面 take a look at you🎈「我不要听你那些叽哩咕噜」意即「我厌烦你的唠叨」，故译为I’m tired of your gabbling（或babbling）。他不作声，却仍然跟着我走。He fell into silence, but kept tailing after me.🎈不作声 fall into silence🎈仍然跟着我走 keep tailing after me，tail有跟随，盯梢之意。“我说，请你出来，让我见见你。你为什么老躲在黑暗里面？”我不能忍耐地再说一次。“ Say, please show up and let me see you,” I demanded again out of impatience. “ Why have you been hiding yourself in the dark?”🎈「我不能忍耐地再说一次」表示说的句子位置很灵活，可置于开头，句中，结尾。此处demand有命令之意。“我不能出来，”他嗫嚅地说；“我不能离开黑暗。No, I won’t show up, he faltered. “I can’t go without darkness.🎈「嗫嚅地」意即「说话吞吞吐吐的」，故译为faltered。黑暗可以作我的掩护。”Darkness provides cover for me.”🎈作我的掩护 provide cover for me“那么你可知道我要去什么地方？”我突然问道。“ Then you know where I’m going?” I asked suddenly.🎈此句虽为陈述语气，但以问号结尾，也是符合英语的用语习惯的。“我不知道，不过我要跟着你。”“ No, I don’t, but I want to follow you.”🎈要跟着你 want to follow you“我告诉你，我要去寻找光明。”“ Let me tell you, I’m going to look for light.”🎈寻找光明 look for light我似乎听见一声“啊哟”，过了半晌，耳语又响起来：Thereupon, I seemed to hear a voice exclaiming, “Aiyo!” Then, after quite a while, I heard the whisper again.🎈「过了半晌，耳语又响起来」增加了主语I，我又听见了耳语。故译为Then, after quite a while, I heard the whisper again.。“你不会找到光明。你还不如回头走别的路。”“ You’ll never find light. You’d better turn back and take another way.”🎈回头走别的路 turn back and take another way“我一定要往前走。见不到光明，我就不停脚步。”“ I’ll keep going forward, and never stop until I find light.”🎈往前走 keep going forward🎈「见不到光明，我就不停脚步」意即「永不停止，直到找到光明」，故译为never stop until I find light。“但是你知道这地方离光明还有若干路程？你这一生又还可以走若干时候？”“ But do you know how far from here you’ll have to go before you find light? And how long will you be able to walk in this life?”🎈「离光明还有若干路程」意即在找到光明前，还有多远，故译为how far from here you’ll have to go before you find light。“我不管这些事。只要我活着，我就要到那个地方去找光明。”“ I don’t care about all that. So long as I live, I go where there’s light.”🎈「我就要到那个地方去找光明」换了一种表达方式「我要到有光明的地方」，故译为I go where there’s light。“你会什么也看不见，就疲倦地死在中途。没有人埋葬你，“ You’ll die of exhaustion before you find anything. And nobody will care to bury you.🎈疲倦地死 die of exhaustion🎈「你会什么也看不见」意即「你什么也找不到」，故译为before you find anything。🎈care to 想，愿意英义If you say that someone does something when they care to do it, you mean that they do it, although they should do it more willingly or more often. 例句The woman tells anyone who cares to listen that she’s going through hell…只要一有人听她诉说，那个女人就会告诉人家她正在受苦受难。却让你暴尸荒野，给兀鹰做食料。”Your dead body will be left unburied in the wilderness for vultures to eat.🎈此句进行了主语转换，变成Your dead body。“我宁愿让兀鹰啄我的肉，却不想拿它们去喂狗。“ I would rather have my dead body pecked by vultures than fed to dogs.🎈Have sb done sth. 让某人做某事我宁愿疲劳地死在荒野，却不想安乐地躺在温暖的家中。”I would rather die of exhaustion than lie comfortably in my warm home.”🎈安乐地躺在温暖的家中 lie comfortably in my warm home“所有的人都会嘲笑你；谁都会忘记你。“ All people will laugh at you and forget you.🎈嘲笑你 laugh at you 你口渴，没有人递给你一杯水。Nobody will hand you a cup of water when you are thirsty.🎈递给你一杯水 hand you a cup of water 此处hand为动词。你倒下去，没有人搀扶你一把。Nobody will come to your help when you fall down.🎈倒下去 fall down🎈「搀扶你一把」意即「帮忙」，故译为come to your help。你呻吟，便有人向你投掷石子。People will throw stones at you when you groan.🎈向你投掷石子 throw stones at you一直到死，你得不到一点点同情。”You’ll never gain any sympathy all your life.”🎈「一直到死」即「这一生」，故译为all your life。🎈得不到一点点同情 never gain any sympathy “我为什么要别人的同情？难道我不相信自己？不相信自己的路？”“ Why should I need other people’s sympathy? Do I disbelieve myself or the way I’m following?”🎈「难道我不相信自己？不相信自己的路？」为反问句，故译为Do I disbelieve myself or the way I’m following?，用了Do I句型。“那么你不怕寂寞？你不知道前面的路便是用寂寞铺砌的？”“ Then aren’t you afraid of loneliness? Don’t you know the way ahead is all paved with loneliness?”🎈用寂寞铺砌的 be paved with loneliness“我知道。我的脚踏在寂寞上面，我的步子就显得更有力，寂寞会成为我的忠实伴侣。”“ Yes, I do. I’ll walk with even more vigorous steps the moment I set foot on loneliness. Loneliness will be my faithful companion.”🎈「我的脚踏在寂寞上面，我的步子就显得更有力」进行了主语转换，由「我的…」变为「我」，故译为 I’ll walk with even more vigorous steps the moment I set foot on loneliness，我一踏上寂寞，就有更有力的步伐。“你这个傻子，即使你得到光明，你拿它来做什么用？你能将它当饭吃，当衣穿？”“ You bloody fool, even if you got light, what good would it do you? Would it keep you adequately fed and clad?”🎈「即使你得到光明，你拿它来做什么用？」可译为Even if you got light, what good would it do you?或even if you get light, what’s the use of it?，前者有虚拟语气，较合适。🎈「你能将它当饭吃，当衣穿」意即「它能使你有饱腹感，感到温暖吗？」，故译为Would it keep you adequately fed and clad?。影子居然哂笑起来。He even had the audacity to start sneering at me.🎈have the audacity to在之前的文章里也碰到过了，意为有胆量做某事。我昂然回答：“我若得到光明，就把它分给众人，让光辉普照世界。I gave a clear-cut answer, “ If I get light, I’ll share it with everybody and let it shed its brilliance all over the world.🎈「昂然回答」其中「回答」由动词转为名词，译为give a clear-cut answer。若得不着光明，我愿意一个人寂寞地死在中途。”If I fail to get light, I’ll be just ready to die a solitary death halfway.”🎈「愿意一个人寂寞地死在中途」一词中，「寂寞地」由副词转为形容词solitary。“但是为你自己，你留什么给你自己？”“ As to yourself, what would you keep for yourself?”🎈留给你自己 keep for yourself“如果光明普照世界，我也可以分到一线光——”“ When light shines all over the world, I’ll enjoy my share of its brilliance —”🎈普照世界 shine all over the world🎈分到一线光 enjoy my share of its brilliance“然而要是黑暗统治一切呢？”它打岔地问我。“ What if darkness predominates?” he cut in.🎈「它打岔地问我」其中「它」实际拟人化了，故译he。“那么我就努力跟黑暗斗争，我必要打破黑暗。”“ I’ll fight with darkness as best I can. I’ve made up my mind to break through it.”🎈as best I can 尽我所能例句That is what I will try to do today, to speak the truth as best I can. 这就是我今天要努力实现的目标——尽我最大努力说实话。🎈make up one’s mind to 下定决心做某事例句I had, therefore, already made up my mind.因此，我下定了决心。“打破黑暗？你有多大的力量？”它哈哈笑起来。“ Break through it, eh?” he burst out laughing. “ Ha-ha! Are you that powerful?🎈「哈哈笑起来」译为burst out laughing，或burst into laughter。注意：burst out doing sth.= burst into n.🎈「你有多大的力量」意即「你很强大吗？」，故译为Are you that powerful?。“我劝你不要过分看重自己。”I’m telling you not to overestimate your own power.”🎈「不要过分看重自己」即「不要高低你自己的能力」，故译为not to overestimate your own power。“不管我有没有力量，但是我有志愿，我有决心。“ Never mind if I have the power or not. I have ambitions and determination.Q: if不是不可以和or not连用吗？🎈当if和or not分开时，即if … or not是可以用的；但如果是连在一起，即if or not，则不行。Whether适用于这两种情况，即whether… or not; whether or not。我做不到，不要紧。别的人可以做到。”It doesn’t matter if I should fail. Other people will achieve what I failed to do.”🎈what I failed to do为宾语从句，补充句意「别人可以做到我做不到的事」。“你这个疯子，你这个空想家。你不要安乐。你不要荣誉。“ You lunatic, you dreamer! You forsake happiness and honour.🎈不要安乐和荣誉 forsake happiness and honour你却把寂寞当作宝贝，还要它做你的永久伴侣。You treasure loneliness and regard it as your lifelong companion.🎈Treasure一词除名词属性外，还有动词属性意为珍视。你还要追求光明，打破黑暗，却不想，没有黑暗，我怎么能够生存？”And you’re trying to go after light and break through darkness without ever thinking how I could exist without darkness!🎈「却不想，没有黑暗，我怎么能够生存？」转换为陈述语序，加上感叹号，译为without ever thinking how I could exist without darkness!它冷笑，它哂笑，它大笑。He grinned, he laughed, he roared.🎈roar除咆哮之意外，还有放声大笑之意。“算了罢，我也该死心了。“ That’s enough”, he continued, “ I’d better give up.🎈算了罢: That’s enough老是跟着你，对我有什么好处？我不甘心做一个傻瓜，白白毁掉我自己。What good will it do me to keep following you? I shouldn’t make a fool of myself by ruining myself for nothing.🎈好处 good will🎈「我不甘心做一个傻瓜」意即「我不愿意出洋相」，故译为I shouldn’t make a fool of myself，make a fool of oneself即出丑。例句I made a complete fool of myself in front of everyone!我当众出了大丑了！ 从这时候起，你走你的路，我走我的。From now on, we each go our own way.🎈「你走你的路，我走我的」意即「我们各自走自己的路」，译为we each go our own way，简洁了许多。让你去拥抱寂寞，任你去爱抚死亡。You can go ahead embracing loneliness and hugging death.🎈其中hugging（紧抱）代替lovingly caressing（爱抚），内涵相同，并和前面的embracing相呼应，修辞效果较好。🎈go ahead 意为着手，开始做例句The district board will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan.地区理事会将于今天投票决定是否开始实施这一计划。我会看到兀鷹啄尽你的肉，马蹄踏碎你的骨。”Let me count on seeing your dead body gobbled up by vultures and your bones trodden to pieces by horses’ hoofs.”🎈count on 期望，预计英义If you count on something or count upon it, you expect it to happen and include it in your plans. 例句The government thought it could count on the support of the trades unions…政府认为可以指望获得工会的支持。🎈「看到兀鷹啄尽你的肉」译为seeing your dead body gobbled up by vultures，其中gobbled up意即「狼吞虎咽」，能较好地表达原文「啄尽」两字，如译pecked，只有「啄食」之意。带着几声轻蔑的大笑，我的影子离开了我。Laughing a few derisive laughs, my shadow disappeared from behind me.🎈Laughing a few derisive laughs第一个laugh为动词，第二个laugh为名词，为非谓语动词做伴随状语。它走路没有声音，我不知它去向何处。我只看见一个黑影在我的眼角一晃。He walked away noiselessly. I no longer knew his whereabouts. I only saw a dark shadow flash past the corner of my eye.🎈不知它去向何处 no longer know his whereabouts🎈「在我的眼角一晃」即「在我眼角闪过」，故译为flash past the corner of my eye。于是我的耳边寂然了。Now there was no more whispering in my ear.🎈根据上文，我们可知影子一直在耳边低声讲话，故此处再次译为whispering。在我的眼前，那昏黄淡到成为一片灰黑。前面展开一条长的路。路是阴暗的，The twilight was deepening. A long murky road stretched far into the distance.🎈「那昏黄淡到成为一片灰黑」意即「昏黄逐渐变黑」，故译为The twilight was deepening。🎈「前面展开一条长的路。路是阴暗的，」这两个虽然属于两个句子，但是因为都关于路的信息，就可以整合在一起，使得译文简洁许多。「路是阴暗的」进行了偏正转换，译为a long murky road。我抬起头用力向前望去，我要看透那阴暗。好像有一线光在远处摇晃，但亮光离这里一定很远。As I raised my head to strain my eyes to see through the darkness, a ray of light seemed to flash from afar, though definitely a long, long way from where I was.🎈这虽然是两句话，但是有一定含义上联系。我向前望到那片黑暗，好像看见了一线光，而这数光留着很远。🎈「好像有一线光在远处摇晃，但亮光离这里一定很远。」中的「但」应该理解为「虽然」的意思，全句译为a ray of light seemed to flash from afar, though definitely a long, long way from where I was。路上只有我一个人。我慢慢地在寂静中移动脚步。I moved along slowly by myself in the prevailing silence of the night.🎈在寂静中 in the prevailing silence of the night 🎈prevailing意为existing or most common at a particular time普遍的；盛行的；流行的，所以prevailing silence与路上只有我一个人相呼应，十分安静。我不记得我已经走了若干路程，也不知道还要走若干时候。I couldn’t remember how far I had covered, and nor did I know for how long I still had to travel.🎈第一个「走」译为cover，cover除了常见的「覆盖」之意外，还有「行走（一段路程）」之意。例句They walked for a long time and covered a good deal of ground.他们步行了很长时间，走了好长的一段路。 🎈第二个「走」译为travel，意即to go from one place to another, especially over a long distance 长途行走；旅行；游历：例句to travel around the world 周游世界 🔥必背单词drenched adj. 湿透的英义covered with a lot of a liquid例句I was drenched in sweat.我浑身是汗。 faint adj. (光、声、味)微弱的，不清楚的英义that cannot be clearly seen, heard or smelt 例句a faint glow / glimmer / light 微弱的光亮 / 闪光 / 光 recede v. 逐渐远离；渐渐远去英义to move gradually away from sb or away from a previous position例句The sound of the truck receded into the distance. 卡车的声音渐渐在远处消失了。 heel n. 紧跟某人英义at / on sb’s ‘heels: following closely behind sb例句He fled from the stadium with the police at his heels. 他逃离了运动场，警察在后面紧追不舍。 falter v. (嗓音)颤抖；结巴地说；支吾其词英义to speak in a way that shows that you are not confident例句His voice faltered as he began his speech. 他开始演讲时说话结结巴巴。 peck v. 啄英义to move the beak forward quickly and hit or bite sth 例句Vultures had pecked out the dead goat’s eyes.秃鹫啄出了死羊的眼睛。clear-cut adj. 明确的，明显的，易辨认的英义definite and easy to see or identify例句There is no clear-cut answer to this question. 对这个问题没有确切的答案。gobble v. 狼吞虎咽；贪婪地吃 英义to eat sth very fast, in a way that people consider rude or greedy 例句Don’t gobble your food like that! 别这么狼吞虎咽地吃东西！ murky adj. 昏暗的，阴暗的，朦胧的英义dark and unpleasant because of smoke, fog , etc. 例句a murky night 昏暗的夜 🔥重点词组一个人走在雨湿的街心 walk down a rain-drenched street by myself街灯的微光 in the faint light of the street lamps远远地消失了 disappear in the distance找寻炫目的光辉 search for dazzling brilliance四周只有几点垂死的灯光 a few dying lamplights around me在后面紧紧跟着我 follow me closely 在我的耳边低声讲话 whisper into my ear看不见一个人 not a soul in sight 是一个熟悉的声音 sound a familiar voice跟在你后面 be at your heels让我见你一面 take a look at you不要听你那些叽哩咕噜 be tired of your gabbling不作声 fall into silence仍然跟着我走 keep tailing after me不能忍耐地 out of impatience躲在黑暗里面 hide yourself in the dark作我的掩护 provide cover for寻找光明 look for light过了半晌 after quite a while 回头走别的路 turn back and take another way往前走 keep going forward暴尸荒野 be left unburied in the wilderness让兀鹰啄我的肉 have my dead body pecked by vultures 安乐地躺在温暖的家中 lie comfortably in my warm home倒下去 fall down向你投掷石子 throw stones at you得不到一点点同情 never gain any sympathy 用寂寞铺砌的 be paved with loneliness步子就显得更有力 walk with even more vigorous steps 脚踏在寂寞上面 set foot on loneliness成为我的忠实伴侣 be my faithful companion哂笑起来 have the audacity to start sneering at me昂然回答 gave a clear-cut answer让光辉普照世界 let it shed its brilliance all over the world得不着光明 fail to get light愿意一个人寂寞地死在中途 be just ready to die a solitary death halfway留给你自己 keep for yourself普照世界 shine all over the world分到一线光 enjoy my share of its brilliance必要打破黑暗 make up my mind to break through darkness过分看重自己 overestimate your own power有志愿，我有决心 have ambitions and determination不要安乐和荣誉 forsake happiness and honour把寂寞当作宝贝 treasure loneliness要它做你的永久伴侣 regard it as your lifelong companion追求光明 go after light 白白毁掉我自己 ruin myself for nothing出丑 make a fool of oneself从这时候起 from now on去拥抱寂寞 go ahead embracing loneliness看到兀鷹啄尽你的肉 see your dead body gobbled up by vultures看到马蹄踏碎你的骨 see your bones trodden to pieces by horses’ hoofs带着几声轻蔑的大笑 laugh a few derisive laughs走路没有声音 walk away noiselessly不知它去向何处 no longer know his whereabouts看见一个黑影在我的眼角一晃 see a dark shadow flash past the corner of my eye耳边寂然 no more whispering in my ear抬起头用力向前望去 raise my head to strain my eyes看透那阴暗 see through the darkness在远处摇晃 flash from afar在寂静中 in the prevailing silence of the night 🔥复盘测试一个人走在雨湿的街心街灯的微光远远地消失了找寻炫目的光辉 四周只有几点垂死的灯光在后面紧紧跟着我在我的耳边低声讲话看不见一个人是一个熟悉的声音 跟在你后面 让我见你一面 不要听你那些叽哩咕噜 不作声 仍然跟着我走 不能忍耐地 躲在黑暗里面作我的掩护 寻找光明过了半晌 回头走别的路往前走 暴尸荒野 让兀鹰啄我的肉 安乐地躺在温暖的家中倒下去 向你投掷石子得不到一点点同情用寂寞铺砌的步子就显得更有力脚踏在寂寞上面 成为我的忠实伴侣哂笑起来 昂然回答 让光辉普照世界得不着光明 愿意一个人寂寞地死在中途 留给你自己 普照世界分到一线光 必要打破黑暗过分看重自己有志愿，我有决心不要安乐和荣誉把寂寞当作宝贝要它做你的永久伴侣 追求光明 白白毁掉我自己 出丑 从这时候起去拥抱寂寞 看到兀鷹啄尽你的肉看到马蹄踏碎你的骨 带着几声轻蔑的大笑走路没有声音 不知它去向何处看见一个黑影在我的眼角一晃耳边寂然 抬起头用力向前望去 看透那阴暗在远处摇晃在寂静中 🔥表达对比关于「走」的不同表达凉夜，我一个人走在雨湿的街心，街灯的微光使我眼前现出一片昏黄。It was a cool evening. I was walking down a rain-drenched street by myself. In the faint light of the street lamps, all was a blur before me.我不记得我已经走了若干时候，也不知道还要走若干路程。I didn’t know how long I had been walking, or how far I still had to go.我回过头，看不见一个人，等我再往前走，我又听见有人在我后面说话。I looked back, but not a soul in sight. Then, when I walked on, I heard the same voice again.“你不会找到光明。你还不如回头走别的路。”“You’ll never find light. You’d better turn back and take another way.”“我知道。我的脚踏在寂寞上面，我的步子就显得更有力，寂寞会成为我的忠实伴侣。”“Yes, I do. I’ll walk with even more vigorous steps the moment I set foot on loneliness. Loneliness will be my faithful companion.”路上只有我一个人。我慢慢地在寂静中移动脚步。I moved along slowly by myself in the prevailing silence of the night.我不记得我已经走了若干路程，也不知道还要走若干时候。I couldn’t remember how far I had covered, and nor did I know for how long I still had to travel.
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巴金《再忆萧珊》 
爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
