吴组湘《谈癖》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析

朗读这篇文章

谈癖

吴组湘

人之癖，当无聊闲谈的时候，是个有趣的题目。

何谓癖？严格的定义倒似乎不容易下。通常大约是指某些不正常、没道理的习性而言。其形成，想多起于积习，慢慢发展而成心理甚至生理的病态。世上绝对无癖的人，恐怕不见得多。不过普通人的癖，或因司空见惯，人遂不觉，比如喜抠鼻孔，好抠脚丫之类；或因相习成风，积非成是，比如旧时代的人喜爱妇女小足之类。有一些癖，来得显著而又奇特，使别人惊诧，不能理解；他本人亦莫知其然，并且无可如何：这就应当归人怪癖一类。

有一位本家老哥，终天做一副怪脸：眼睛瞪着，鼻梁皱着，牙关撕开着，自鼻侧至嘴角，扯出两条很深的折痕。略如佛殿前四大金刚的面目。我初见他时，以为他本是这副面目。那知其实不然。有一时他忽然松开脸孔，怪相立刻不见，五官原来都很秀气。然此秀气的脸孔，只可于偶然的一刹那中见之,经常显现出来的，还是那副“金刚怒目”的怪相。此人甚怕我的父亲。父亲常叱骂他做此怪脸，他即努力要抹去脸上怪相，但极不易如愿，而且不能持久。我们有时嘲笑他，仿效他，他即生气。又有一位同学，当与他对坐谈笑，或并肩同行时，他常常突然一回头，自用其嘴咬一下肩膊，并发出一种怪声，如狗抢食时的叫声。此种怪动作，每日至少要做二三次，总把我吓了一跳。他即脸红耳赤，觉得极难为情。察其情，直有不能忍禁的苦处，像我们平常人打喷嚏或打嗝儿一样。有一年在津浦铁路上遇一旅客，此人与我同房。我看见他的脸上，眼睛，眉毛，鼻子，嘴唇，以至两边腮巴，每个部分，每块肌肉，无时无刻不在动着。各部分的动，有许多变化，或二至三个部分向同一方面动，或另以数部分作方向不同之动；或各部分轮流递换地动，或各部分同时一齐动。而且或努，或扭，或扯，或牵，或跳，方式种种不同，总使整个脸孔经常地保持在动的状态中。动到一种辰光，大约他自己也觉得难过或难为情了，就用手使劲在脸上摸一把，意欲使之不动。但无效果，不等他的手拿开，脸上各部又已开始动起来了。此人脾气甚大，见人偶有笑容，以为笑他，即怒目相视。但尽管怒视，他的脸还在动；见茶房露笑容，他必怒骂：“王八旦，笑什么，没规矩！”但尽管怒骂，他的脸还是要动。车中无聊，有时我亦偷偷将脸面壁,而仿效其动。可是顾此失彼，不知所措。以视他脸上那动之匀称熟练与自然，怕练他十年也不会成功。

幼时家中有一常来的客人，此人有数怪癖。当他举碗喝茶时，他必先以左手食指入茶中，立时吓了一跳，连忙缩回手指，而后才若无其事的喝茶。当他睡觉时，解衣后于床沿坐定，忽然举起一足，把鞋子摔出很远，于是独脚跳着过去，套上那鞋子，重复回床坐定；再把另一脚上鞋子照样摔出，又照样跳着过去，把它穿上。如此表演毕，才若无其事的上床安寝。当他大解时，他搂起衣摆，走到厕上向坐处探头一看，而后吃一惊似的走回；再走去一看，重又走回。如此来往二三次，才若无其事的解开裤子，坐了上去。幼时顽皮好奇，因为素知他这些有趣的怪癖，到他睡觉或上厕所时，必从门缝中窥看。我看见当他这般表演时，他的脸色极是严肃认真，绝无一点开玩笑的样子，他喝茶时试之以手指，而又吓了一跳，表情亦是如此。而且每次必如此做一套。察其情似亦有不得已者。他的怪癖，不止这三种，据传说，他的太太就知道另有一种，可惜未闻其详。不过上述三种，都是我们大家所熟知亲见的。

以上所说，苟非亲眼看见，谁能置信？若说是因心理或生理的病态，毕竟是何病态？若说由于积习，又是怎么样养成的？其间必有一些复杂而微妙的原因，人莫能知。癖之怪而至于此，真是太没道理了。

一个人的生活过于窄狭单调与呆滞，最易使其习性作畸形之发展；一个人受压迫太甚或生活太悲苦，最易发生心理甚至生理的病态：旧时代妇女之有怪癖者特多，实非偶然。

曾见一婢女有偷食癖。做婢女的吃不着少爷小姐吃的好东西，因而偷了解馋，这本是有道理之至的事。但此婢女情形有不同者。她的老主人性格宽厚，少主人则力讲自由平等之道，他们待她实在很好（后来送她上学校读书，做了女学生）。每逢吃东西，必有她的一份。但是递给她时，她总不肯接受。她说：“我不喜欢吃这个。”但背后她必想方设法，甚至冒甚大危险，偷食此拒而不要的东西。后来发现的次数多了，人人以为奇怪。一次同伴于闲谈时问她何必如此。她说：“我自己也不知道为什么，心里总觉得偷的好吃些。”说此话时，愁眉苦脸，若不胜重忧者。又见一婢女有放火癖。她荷包里老藏着一盒火柴。当她到柴房取柴时，她即将柴草点燃，看着火烧大了，她又吓得大声呼救。早晨她在房中扫地，往往暗将帐子点燃，但随即以手乱扑，并且急得呼号。在避人耳目之时，她总要放火，而且总把自己吓得面无人色，以至哭叫。起初，人家不知道此即她自己干出来的事，于是疑神疑鬼，当是狐仙作祟，轰传远近。但日子一久，马脚渐露，终于把她拿住了。问她何以如此，她说不出道理。此女时十六七岁，聪明，伶俐，主人素来爱重。说她出于顽皮无知，说她心里藏着什么怨恨，似都说不过去。

有一妇人吃饭，必须捧着碗，靠在门方上站着，才吃的下去否则不能下咽。若参加宴席，她只能陪着坐坐，连筷子也不举。必待席散，她才到厨房里盛一碗饭，箝点菜堆在上面，慢慢的吃着，显得香甜无比。若出外赴席，亦必回家再吃。她发觉人家有意的看她吃饭，必羞的狼狈而逃。人家拿她取笑，她即说：“各有各的脾气，少见多怪的！”此人婢女出身，后作主人的偏房，后又扶正。又一年老仆妇，经常以坐着打瞌吨，为正当的睡觉；除非重病不得已，从未上床躺着睡过。坐以打盹的地方，最好是门阶上，旧式床的脚踏上，否则短脚凳上亦可。坐髙凳难得佳眠，平躺着则不能合眼。又此妪喜食瘟猪肉及腐臭霉烂之菜，简直嗜之如命。若闻何处何家弃有死猪及腐烂败味不堪入口之菜，必跑去设法弄来，虽有要事在手亦丢开不顾。

在太太们，洁癖怕是最普通的癖。我的一位寡婶，除一贴身婢女外，不许任何人进她的卧房。即此婢女，亦须确有必要之事，始许脱去鞋子进去，立刻就须出来；闲常轻易不许入房，不脱鞋不许人房。人至其家，除递来的茶碗外，任何物件，即如桌子，発子，门扇，墙壁之类，也最好不要随便用手去摸或动。她很爱我。一次她生病，叫我去给她看看；但我不肯脱鞋，结果竟蒙特许。此是除那婢女外，第一个人进她的房，而且是空前绝后的一次有人穿着鞋进她的房。又一新式太太，出身贵家，爱洁成癖。每日洗脸洗手，没个遍数；这不必细说。今举一事为例：一日，与其丈夫家人等闲坐谈笑，她的丈夫说了一句话调侃她。她即起立，一边娇嗔地说：“我要打你！我要打你！”一边走入房中，以香皂洗手一次，走出来，在她丈夫身上轻轻拍了—下，再到房里以香桌洗手一次，而后始像做完一件大事，含笑归坐。

还有一位太太嫌恶许多东西，虽对并非不洁之物亦然。后来最使她嫌恶的是落下的毛发之类。若见地上或桌上有一根落下的头发，她即蹙额瞪眼，以手紧握其嘴，失声惊呼：“啊哟不得了！一根头发！”其紧张之状，实已超过嫌恶，而类恐怖，这显然快成病狂了。

谈癖

吴组湘

Idiosyncrasy

—By Wu Zuxiang

🎈idiosyncrasy n. (个人特有的)癖好，嗜好；(物品的)特色，特点

someone’s rather unusual habits or characteristics

例句

Everyone has a few little idiosyncrasies.

每个人都有点小嗜好。

人之癖，当无聊闲谈的时候，是个有趣的题目。

Should you find yourself bored, you might ponder the idiosyncrasies of others.

🎈Should you find yourself bored 相当于If you should find yourself bored。should可以用在if从句中表示此事发生的可能性不很大。这个should往往可以提前到主语之前，同时省略掉if。

🎈ponder v.沉思，考虑，琢磨

to think about sth carefully for a period of time

何谓癖？严格的定义倒似乎不容易下。通常大约是指某些不正常、没道理的习性而言。

What does idiosyncrasy mean? A precise definition seems elusive. It is often referred to as a person’s peculiar behaviors that defy understanding.

🎈elusive adj.难以描述的difficult to find, describe

🎈被称为……be referred to as…

例句

It’s referred to as the ” lungs of the earth”.

它被称为“地球之肺”。

🎈defy v. 无法，难以描述或理解 no passive无被动态

If something defies description or understanding, it is so strange, extreme, or surprising that it is almost impossible to understand or explain.

难以理解 defy understanding/comprehension

难以名状 defy description

其形成，想多起于积习，慢慢发展而成心理甚至生理的病态。

These actions, which largely stem from deep-rooted habits, can sometimes grow into a mental or even physical morbidity.

🎈起源于have its roots in …/stem from …/originate in …

例句

Printing has its roots in / stems from / originates in China.

印刷术起源于中国。

🎈deep-rooted同deep-seated adj.根深蒂固的

🎈morbidity n.病态

患病率，发病率 morbidity rate

世上绝对无癖的人，恐怕不见得多。

Now it’s true that people who are absolutely free of any idiosyncrasies are few and far between.

🎈没有 free of

例句

They envision an equal society, free of poverty and disease.

他们设想一个平等的社会，没有贫穷，也没有疾病。

🎈稀少，稀疏，不常发生 few and far between

例句

But winter means good meals are few and far between.

然而冬季里好吃的少之又少。

不过普通人的癖，或因司空见惯，人遂不觉，比如喜抠鼻孔，好抠脚丫之类；

Run-of-the-mill idiosyncrasies that most of us have—whether picking the nose or scratching their toes—occur so often that they offer no surprise.

🎈run-of-the-mill adj. 普通的，一般的，平凡的，不突出的

ordinary, with no special or interesting features

例句

I was just a very average run-of-the-mill kind of student…

我只是一个普普通通的学生。

🎈抠鼻孔pick the nose

抠脚丫scratch toes

或因相习成风，积非成是，比如旧时代的人喜爱妇女小足之类。

Perhaps certain acts have become so routine over time that we have grown inured to them. A case in point was the Chinese people’s affection for binding women’s feet.

🎈对令人不快的事物司空见惯的;习惯于…的 be inured to something

使习惯于，使适应于（不愉快的事物）inure sb/yourself to sth

例句

Doctors become inured to death.

医生们已经能坦然面对死亡。

🎈明证，恰当的例证a case in point

🎈对……的喜爱/钟爱the affection for sb/sth

例句

I have a great affection for New York.

我很喜欢纽约。

🎈妇女裹足，缠小脚bind women’s feet

有一些癖，来得显著而又奇特，使别人惊诧，不能理解；他本人亦莫知其然，并且无可如何：这就应当归人怪癖一类。

Like this, some idiosyncrasies, when viewed by others, may be seen as astounding and inconceivable. Still, the eccentric himself is unaware of its cause and cannot refrain from his odd behavior.

🎈 inconceivable adj.不可思议的，难以想象的，无法相信的

🎈eccentric n.怪人

例句

Most people considered him a harmless eccentric.

多数人都认为他是一个无伤大雅的怪人。

🎈未意识到be unaware of

🎈不去做某事、避免做某事 refrain from (doing) sth

郁达夫《谈结婚》

朝里无裙莫做官。

One who has no petticoat influence in the government should refrain from becoming an official.

有一位本家老哥，终天做一副怪脸：眼睛瞪着，鼻梁皱着，牙关撕开着，自鼻侧至嘴角，扯出两条很深的折痕。略如佛殿前四大金刚的面目。

A cousin of mine had a strange compulsion. All day long, he would glare with anger, turn up his nose, and grit his teeth. This revealed two deep lines from his nose to the corners of his mouth and made him appear to be one of the Four Heavenly Guardians standing at the entrance to a Buddhist temple.

🎈compulsion n. 强烈欲望，(难以克制的)冲动

a strong desire to do something, which you find difficult to control

🎈（通常指因愤怒而咬紧牙关）咬牙切齿，咬紧牙关 grit one’s teeth

例句

Gritting my teeth, I did my best to stifle one or two remarks.

我咬紧牙关，硬是吞回了几句话。

🎈四大金刚the Four Heavenly Guardians：四大金刚，是中国汉传大乘佛教中四尊守法尊天神的代称，分别是东方持国天王、南方增长天王、西方广目天王和北方多闻天王，是佛教伽蓝中，最为重要的护法神，相传做于须弥山。

我初见他时，以为他本是这副面目。那知其实不然。

When I first saw this display, I thought it was his true colors, but surprisingly this was not the case.

🎈真实面目，本来面目true colors

🎈情况并非如此。This/That/It is/was not the case.

有一时他忽然松开脸孔，怪相立刻不见，五官原来都很秀气。然此秀气的脸孔，只可于偶然的一刹那中见之,经常显现出来的，还是那副“金刚怒目”的怪相。

When the tensions eased and his face relaxed, his scowl vanished, replaced by a handsome appearance. However, this new visage made only infrequent visits, and more often than not he glared fiercely like the door god of a temple.

🎈scowl n.怒容 an angry or hostile expression

🎈visage n. 脸;面容a person’s face

🎈总是，经常，在大多情况下 more often than not

例句

I knew it happens more often than not.

我知道这种事经常发生。

🎈门神 the door god

此人甚怕我的父亲。父亲常叱骂他做此怪脸，他即努力要抹去脸上怪相，但极不易如愿，而且不能持久。

Interestingly, my father was a terror to this cousin, so when father rebuked him for his odd facial expression, he would immediately try to change his looks. This was easier said than done, and if he succeeded, it was only for a moment.

🎈某物让某人很害怕 sth be a terror to sb

🎈rebuke v.斥骂，训斥，指责，批评

to speak severely to sb because they have done sth wrong

因某事训斥某人 rebuke sb for sth

🎈这句译文里的interestingly和so是增译成分，补充出了文章逻辑，使行文更流畅。

🎈说时容易做时难，谈何容易 be easier said than done

我们有时嘲笑他，仿效他，他即生气。

If we teased him or imitated his faces, his temper would explode.

🎈嘲笑某人 tease sb/ laugh at sb/ make jokes about sb

又有一位同学，当与他对坐谈笑，或并肩同行时，他常常突然一回头，自用其嘴咬一下肩膊，并发出一种怪声，如狗抢食时的叫声。

When another student sat with him face to face or walked with him side by side on the road, he would suddenly turn his head away and bite his shoulder, and utter an eerie cry like a dog scrambling for a bone.

🎈面对面face to face

肩并肩，并排side by sid

🎈扭头，转头 turn one’s head away

turn…away表示“使……斜转，其中away指「去别处，朝另一个方向」

🎈近义词辨析「奇怪的」

eerie: 怪异的；神秘的；恐怖的

queer: 指一种无法解释的怪诞，强调事物的奇特和不可思议。

odd: 通常指不规律、偶尔出现的人或事物，往往令人困惑或奇怪。

funny: 较通俗用词，指奇怪得滑稽可笑或反常。

crazy: 多指与众不同的行为、外表或人与物本身，含荒唐可笑或神经不正常的意味。

curious: 通常指非常特别或能引起注意、研究或探索的奇特。

peculiar: 侧重令人奇怪的或独一无二的特性，也指性格特征方面显著的与众不同之处。

strange: 普通常用词，含义广泛，指陌生新奇、奇怪、奇怪或不自然的人或物。

eccentric: 指偏离常规的怪异或怪癖。

quaint: 指古色古香，会人感到既奇怪又有趣。

singular: 通常指异常或奇特，暗含不同于一般。

🎈抢夺… scramble for

争食 scramble for the feed

丰子恺《作客者言》

当此夺位置的时间，我们二人在厅上发出一片相骂似的声音，演出一种打架似的举动。

As this scramble for seats was going on, we talked as if calling each other names, and acted as if putting up a fight in the hall.

此种怪动作，每日至少要做二三次，总把我吓了一跳。他即脸红耳赤，觉得极难为情。

Such strange actions would be repeated at least two or three times a day, and each time I would be scared to death! Afterwards, he would blush from ear to ear, feeling quite embarrassed.

🎈吓一跳，吓死be scared to death

…to death表示……而亡

饿死starve to death

流血而亡is bleeding to death

被打死be beaten to death

🎈近义词辨析

blush侧重因羞愧或尴尬而突然脸红

flush强调因愤怒、高兴、羞愧、发烧或酗酒等引起的脸红。

🎈面红耳赤blush from ear to ear

笑得合不拢嘴 grin from ear to ear

察其情，直有不能忍禁的苦处，像我们平常人打喷嚏或打嗝儿一样。

Judging by the look on his face, I knew that there was nothing he could do to repress these actions, for they were just like a fit of sneezing or the hiccups.

🎈察其情→观察其表情（做判断）

🎈一阵 a fit of

阵阵fits of

有一年在津浦铁路上遇一旅客，此人与我同房。

Once, when I travelled on a train from Tianjin to Shanghai, I shared a room with a memorable passenger.

🎈memorable adj.难忘的special, good or unusual and therefore worth remembering or easy to remember

非常难忘的时刻a truly memorable occasion

我看见他的脸上，眼睛，眉毛，鼻子，嘴唇，以至两边腮巴，每个部分，每块肌肉，无时无刻不在动着。各部分的动，有许多变化，或二至三个部分向同一方面动，或另以数部分作方向不同之动；或各部分轮流递换地动，或各部分同时一齐动。

Every muscle in his face—eyes and eyebrows, nose, mouth and cheeks—was constantly on the move; the movements of different parts revealed a myriad of changes—either two or three parts moving in the same direction followed in turn by other parts shifting in a different direction, or all the parts moving all at once.

🎈无数，大量，各种各样… myriad/ a myriad of/ myriads of

各种各样的问题a myriad of problems

无数微小动植物the myriad tiny animals and plants

🎈依次，轮流in turn

例句

The children called out their names in turn.

孩子们逐一自报姓名。

🎈all at once

1）突然；骤然；忽然

例句

All at once she lost her temper.

她突然大发脾气。

2）一起；同时

例句

I can’t do everything all at once — you’ll have to be patient.

我不能万事一把抓呀。你可急不得。

而且或努，或扭，或扯，或牵，或跳，方式种种不同，总使整个脸孔经常地保持在动的状态中。

All this pouting, twisting, and twitching made his whole face seem to be in constant motion.

🎈pout v.撅嘴

twitch v.抽动，抽搐

pouting, twisting和twitching是动名词结构。其中，「努」为pout，「扭」「扯」「牵」为twist，「跳」为twitch。

动到一种辰光，大约他自己也觉得难过或难为情了，就用手使劲在脸上摸一把，意欲使之不动。但无效果，不等他的手拿开，脸上各部又已开始动起来了。

After his facial gyrations had gone on for some time, he probably felt distressed or embarrassed, and so would stroke his face with his hand, hoping to stop the muscles from their incessant pulsations, but to no avail. The moment he took his hand away, the muscles in his face would tremble again.

🎈gyration n.旋转an act or instance of gyrating

gyrate v.旋转，使（身体部位）旋转，转动

to move around in circles; to make sth, especially a part of your body, move around

例句

They began gyrating to the music.

他们随着音乐的节奏旋转起来。

The leaves gyrated slowly to the ground.

树叶旋转着慢慢飘落到地上。

🎈stroke v. 轻抚，抚摸

move your hand slowly and gently over sth

撸猫 stroke a cat

🎈徒劳无功、毫无用处、没效果 to no avail/little avail

例句

I apologized repeatedly, but to little avail.

我一再道歉，但丝毫没有奏效。

枉费心机、徒劳无益、白费力气 in vain

例句

All our efforts were in vain.

我们的所有努力都付诸东流了。

🎈the moment+从句，表示「一……就……」。类似的用法还有the minute/second/instant+从句。需要注意的是，moment和从句之间不能再插入任何成分。

此人脾气甚大，见人偶有笑容，以为笑他，即怒目相视。

Seeing anyone smile in his direction, he would assume they were amused by his affliction and display a glare of absolute hatred.

🎈朝某人（的方向）笑smile in one’s direction

朝某人那边转去 turn in one’s direction

🎈affliction n. 病痛，苦恼，折磨

something that causes physical or mental suffering

例句

Afflictions are sometimes blessings in disguise.

塞翁失马,焉知非福。

但尽管怒视，他的脸还在动；见茶房露笑容，他必怒骂：“王八旦，笑什么，没规矩！”但尽管怒骂，他的脸还是要动。

Despite the anger, the muscles in his face would not stop shaking. When he caught the waiter smiling, he would shout, “You bastard! What’s so funny? Such appalling manners!” In spite of his fury, his face would continue its convulsions.

🎈 You bastard!是英文中骂人的粗鄙说法，可理解为「王八蛋」「混账东西」「混蛋」「鸟人」「杂种」等意。

🎈appalling adj. 令人震惊的，使人惊骇的，极为恶劣的

so bad or unpleasant

例句

He says that he understands why they behaved so appallingly.

他说他知道为什么他们的行为如此恶劣。

车中无聊，有时我亦偷偷将脸面壁,而仿效其动。可是顾此失彼，不知所措。以视他脸上那动之匀称熟练与自然，怕练他十年也不会成功。

As I felt utterly bored on the train, I furtively turned to the wall and tried to imitate him. No matter how hard I tried, I could never make all the parts work together. Observing the well-balanced, effortless, and natural movements of my neighbor, I was resigned to never matching him even if I practiced for ten years.

🎈neighbor除去最常见的「邻居」释义外，还指「身边的人，靠近的东西，邻近的人（或物）」

Stand quietly, children, and try not to talk to your neighbour.

孩子们，站好，保持安静，不要交头接耳。

🎈resigned adj. 逆来顺受的，顺从的

being willing to calmly accept sth unpleasant or difficult that you cannot change

认命 be resigned to (doing) sth

例句

He was resigned to never seeing his birthplace again.

他认命了，甘愿永不再去他的出生地。

幼时家中有一常来的客人，此人有数怪癖。

When I was a child, we had a regular guest who had several memorable idiosyncrasies.

🎈常客，一常来的客人 a regular guest

当他举碗喝茶时，他必先以左手食指入茶中，立时吓了一跳，连忙缩回手指，而后才若无其事的喝茶。

When he lifted his teacup, he would stick his forefinger into the tea. Then, appearing shocked, he would immediately retract his forefinger and drink as if nothing had happened.

🎈大拇指 thumb或pollex

食指 index finger 或forefinger

中指 middle finger

无名指 ring figure

小拇指 little finger

🎈retract v. 缩回；拉回to draw or pull back

例句

The animal retracted into its shell.

这只动物缩回到自己的壳里。

当他睡觉时，解衣后于床沿坐定，忽然举起一足，把鞋子摔出很远，于是独脚跳着过去，套上那鞋子，重复回床坐定；再把另一脚上鞋子照样摔出，又照样跳着过去，把它穿上。如此表演毕，才若无其事的上床安寝。

At bedtime, after undressing and while sitting on the edge of the bed he would suddenly flip his shoe away with his lifted foot, hop over and slip his foot back into the shoe, and return to the bed. He would repeat this performance with his other shoe and at the conclusion of this performance he would slip into bed as if nothing had happened.

🎈undress v.脱衣服to take off your clothes; to remove sb else’s clothes

🎈近义词辨析

jump: 是普通用词，指用双脚向上跳，向下跳，或在同一平面上跳到有一定距离的某一点上，或跳过。

leap: 常可与jump换用，但侧重身体猛力向上升起并朝前急冲的动作，有时含突然的意味。

spring: 更强调有力和弹跳的运动。

hop: 指单脚短跳或双足猛力的动作。也指小鸟、青蛙等的跳。

bound: 多指向前向上或向下跳跃、奔跳。

skip: 指两脚交替轻地跳或跨的动作。

🎈在…终了时，当…完结时 at the conclusion of

🎈溜回床，钻到床上 slip into bed

当他大解时，他搂起衣摆，走到厕上向坐处探头一看，而后吃一惊似的走回；

His other memorable behavior took place when he went to relieve himself at night. He would walk into the latrine and lift the hem of his nightshirt, but only peek at the toilet. Then he would jump back, again as if astounded.

🎈上厕所，排便 relieve oneself

例句

It is not difficult to train your dog to relieve itself on command.

训练你的狗按指令大小便并非难事。

🎈latrine n. 厕所；（尤指）茅坑，便坑

例句

There were no proper toilets, but only an outdoor latrine.

没有正规的厕所，只有一个位于室外的茅坑。

🎈 nightshirt n. 睡衣a long loose shirt worn in bed

再走去一看，重又走回。如此来往二三次，才若无其事的解开裤子，坐了上去。

Two or three times he would walk back and forth before he actually loosened his pants and squatted on the toilet.

🎈「再走去一看，重又走回」已经包含在了「如此来往二三次」，不用再译。

🎈反复来回地 back and forth

往返于岛与岛之间的渡船ferries sailing back and forth between the islands

🎈squat v.蹲，蹲坐

to sit on your heels with your knees bent up close to your body

幼时顽皮好奇，因为素知他这些有趣的怪癖，到他睡觉或上厕所时，必从门缝中窥看。

As a child, I was naughty and curious, so I knew his idiosyncrasies well. I would spy through the chink of the door when he went to bed or to the toilet.

🎈本句译文的逻辑关系是正确的：因为「我」天性好奇（常窥看他临睡前或上厕所时的举止），所以知晓「他」的怪癖。

🎈门缝the chink of the door

我看见当他这般表演时，他的脸色极是严肃认真，绝无一点开玩笑的样子，他喝茶时试之以手指，而又吓了一跳，表情亦是如此。而且每次必如此做一套。察其情似亦有不得已者。

Every time he “performed” this way or that, his face would be quite stern, showing no sign of amusement. Each time he drank tea, he would test it with his finger, and after each test he would look shocked and frightened. He repeated his routine with every cup of tea, and he seemed to have no other choice in the matter.

🎈routine n. 惯例，常规，例行公事

a regular course of procedure, or habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure

他的怪癖，不止这三种，据传说，他的太太就知道另有一种，可惜未闻其详。不过上述三种，都是我们大家所熟知亲见的。

It was said that he had more than three idiosyncrasies and his wife knew the other one, which was unluckily unknown to me. Of course, these three idiosyncrasies above are familiar to all my family members.

🎈某人很熟悉某物 sth be known to sb /sb be familiar to sth

🎈「我们大家」并非指包括你我他即作者和读者都在内的「大家」，而是指「大家庭，大家族」，故译为all my family members。

以上所说，苟非亲眼看见，谁能置信？若说是因心理或生理的病态，毕竟是何病态？若说由于积习，又是怎么样养成的？其间必有一些复杂而微妙的原因，人莫能知。

If I had not seen these acts personally, I would never have believed them. If it is morbid, then is it due to diseased body or sick mind? If it is a deep-rooted habit, then how did it come to be formed? There must have some intricate causes that defy our understanding.

🎈「若说是因心理或生理的病态，毕竟是何病态？」也可译作If it is referred as morbid, then is it physical the morbidity or mental morbidity?

🎈 intricate adj.错综复杂的having a lot of different parts and small details that fit together

癖之怪而至于此，真是太没道理了。

Such idiosyncrasies are simply inexplicable!

🎈 inexplicable adj.无法说明的，难以解释的

cannot be understood or explained

例句

For some inexplicable reason he gave up a fantastic job.

由于某种莫名其妙的原因，他放弃了一份很不错的工作。

一个人的生活过于窄狭单调与呆滞，最易使其习性作畸形之发展；一个人受压迫太甚或生活太悲苦，最易发生心理甚至生理的病态。

Perhaps a straight-laced individual whose lifestyle is overly monotonous and whose nature tends towards depression can become a victim of lopsided habits. Similarly, a person who has faced too much oppression or has lived a wretched existence can develop mental or physical afflictions.

🎈straight-laced同strait-laced

adj. (道德方面)一本正经的，古板的，拘谨保守的（贬义）

having strict or old-fashioned ideas about people’s moral behaviour

wretched adj. 极坏的，恶劣的

extremely bad or unpleasant

例句

She had a wretched time of it at school.

她上学时的日子十分难熬。

旧时代妇女之有怪癖者特多，实非偶然。

It is a fact that in earlier times many women suffered from a good many idiosyncrasies.

🎈that引导a fact的同位语从句。

🎈因…而痛苦suffer (from) …= be afflicted by / with …

因糖尿病/自卑感而痛苦be afflicted by / with diabetes / a sense of inferiority

因…而痛不欲生be racked / tormented / tortured by / with …[程度更甚]

🎈诸多，非常多a good many……

其中good指「非常的，相当的」

a good fifteen minutes 足足15分钟。

曾见一婢女有偷食癖。做婢女的吃不着少爷小姐吃的好东西，因而偷了解馋，这本是有道理之至的事。但此婢女情形有不同者。

I once knew of a servant girl whose habit was to take food on the sly. If the young master or the young lady had begrudged the maid their delicacies, we would not be surprised that she stole to satisfy her craving, but this was not the case.

🎈秘密地，偷偷地，背地里 on the sly

例句

He has to visit them on the sly.

他只得偷偷地去看望他们。

🎈在……上亏待某人 begrudge sb sth

🎈满足某人对……的渴望satisfy one’s craving for sth/to do sth

她的老主人性格宽厚，少主人则力讲自由平等之道，他们待她实在很好（后来送她上学校读书，做了女学生）。

The old master was generous and kind-hearted, and the young master, an advocate of freedom and equality, treated her generously. Later the family even sent her to school.

🎈 an advocate of freedom and equality也可改为who advocated freedom and equality。

🎈送她上学校读书sent her to school和「做了女学生made her a schoolgirl」都强调的是这户人家（甚至）给予了这名婢女受教育的机会。这一句译作…even offered her the access to education也是没问题的。

每逢吃东西，必有她的一份。但是递给她时，她总不肯接受。她说：“我不喜欢吃这个。”

At each meal, they would set aside some food for her, but when they offered it to her, she would decline it with the words “I do not like it.”

🎈留作…之用，留出…用于 set sth aside for……

例句

Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry…

一些医生建议每天留出一点时间来解决烦心事。

🎈谢绝，拒绝 decline/refuse (to do) sth

但背后她必想方设法，甚至冒甚大危险，偷食此拒而不要的东西。后来发现的次数多了，人人以为奇怪。

Then, behind their backs, she would try every means possible to secretly eat what she had earlier refused. Eventually her secret was discovered, and yet to the surprise of everyone she continued with her habit.

🎈背着某人 behind one’s back

🎈千方百计

1）try every means possible to do sth

2）to leave no stone unturned to do sth

此习语出自一则希腊神话。一将军战败，将大量财宝藏于其营帐中。欲寻其财宝者众，觅得的神谕要他们将地上的每块石头都翻个遍。

🎈“后来发现的次数多了”先交代“婢女行窃的癖好被发现”的事实。“人人以为奇怪”：一方面认为“婢女的癖好”奇怪，另一方面，结合“被多次发现（即发现一次后又被人发现）”的事实，对“婢女被抓现行后还继续行窃”感到不解，认为很奇怪，故译作to the surprise of everyone she continued with her habit，更贴合文意。

一次同伴于闲谈时问她何必如此。她说：“我自己也不知道为什么，心里总觉得偷的好吃些。”说此话时，愁眉苦脸，若不胜重忧者。

One day a companion asked why she did this, and she replied, “Even I myself do not know why. I often think stolen things taste better.” When saying this, she looked sullen and depressed as if she could not bear the distress.

🎈sullen adj.闷闷不乐的，郁郁寡欢的 gloomily or resentfully silent or repressed

又见一婢女有放火癖。她荷包里老藏着一盒火柴。当她到柴房取柴时，她即将柴草点燃，看着火烧大了，她又吓得大声呼救。

I also heard of another servant girl whose habit was to set things on fire. She always carried a box of matches in her pouch, and when she went to fetch firewood from the thatched shelter, she would set fire to the kindling. When the fire caught, she would cry out in terror and call for help.

🎈放火烧某物 set sth on fire/ set sth ablaze/ set fire to sth

着火 sth catch fire

点燃某物 light sth

🎈kindling [U]引火柴，引火物

small dry pieces of wood, etc. used to start a fire

早晨她在房中扫地，往往暗将帐子点燃，但随即以手乱扑，并且急得呼号。

In the morning when she cleaned the bedroom, she would stealthily light the mosquito net, and then frantically scream and put it out with both hands.

🎈蚊帐the mosquito net

蚊香 the 蚊香

🎈熄灭，扑灭 put out

例句

Firefighters soon put the fire out.

消防人员很快把火扑灭了。

在避人耳目之时，她总要放火，而且总把自己吓得面无人色，以至哭叫。

If no one was around, she would set one or two things on fire and let them burn until frightened out of her senses or into tears.

🎈around adv.在附近，在某处exist or are present in a place

🎈 out of 有多种含义，下面列出几种

1）离开

ran out of the office

从办公室跑了出去

2）失去

out of control失控

out of breath喘不过气

out of speech说不出话来

3）来自

She paid for it out of her own pocket.

这笔费用是她自掏腰包支付的。

4）出自、由于

out of pity处于怜悯心

out of loyalty本着一片忠心

起初，人家不知道此即她自己干出来的事，于是疑神疑鬼，当是狐仙作祟，轰传远近。

At the start, no one knew she had committed arson, and some even suspected that it had been perpetrated by a fairy fox, so the rumor soon spread far and wide.

🎈arson n.纵火罪

犯罪commit a crime

犯纵火罪commit arson

🎈 perpetrate v. 犯（罪）；做（错事）；干（坏事）to commit a crime or do sth wrong or evil

例句

A high proportion of crime in any country is perpetrated by young males in their teens and twenties.

在任何国家的犯罪者中，十几二十几岁的青年男性都占了很高的比例。

但日子一久，马脚渐露，终于把她拿住了。问她何以如此，她说不出道理。

Yet with the passage of time, she showed her true colors and was finally caught. When asked about the reason, she was at a loss to explain.

🎈无法解释 at a loss to explain sth/ account for sth

猜不出来 at a loss to guess

此女时十六七岁，聪明，伶俐，主人素来爱重。说她出于顽皮无知，说她心里藏着什么怨恨，似都说不过去。

This girl, who was then sixteen or seventeen, had always been cherished by the master of the house, so any mischief, ignorance, or resentment on her part could not explain away this unusual habit.

🎈就……而言，对……而言，由……所作出

on one’s part/on the part of sb

董鼎山《美国编辑的基本常识》

该报的认真态度是名闻世界的，但是编辑的缺乏常识是不是我们所可谅解?

The New York Times is world-famous for its conscientiousness, but a lack of general knowledge on the part of its editors is nevertheless unpardonable.

有一妇人吃饭，必须捧着碗，靠在门方上站着，才吃的下去否则不能下咽。

There was another woman who ate her bowl of rice while leaning against the door. She would eat no other way.

🎈that/this way在句中作状语表示“以某种方式”时，前面的介词通常省略。此处no other way是同样的道理。

若参加宴席，她只能陪着坐坐，连筷子也不举。必待席散，她才到厨房里盛一碗饭，箝点菜堆在上面，慢慢的吃着，显得香甜无比。

While the family ate dinner, she would just sit at the table without lifting her chopsticks. When the others had finished their meal, she would go into the kitchen, ladle out a bowl of rice and pile some dish on top, and then eat alone at leisure, and with great pleasure.

🎈舀取，盛 ladle out

若出外赴席，亦必回家再吃。

When she returned from a banquet, she would always eat a second time to fill her empty stomach.

🎈「再吃」并非指「吃饭时间的推迟」，而是「吃饭这一动作的重复」

🎈填饱肚子 fill an empty stomach

忍耐着饥饿 on an empty stomach

腹中雷鸣（肚子咕噜咕噜叫）stomachs rumbling with hunger

她发觉人家有意的看她吃饭，必羞的狼狈而逃。人家拿她取笑，她即说：“各有各的脾气，少见多怪的！”

If she noticed others watching her eat, she would run away in embarrassment. When others teased her, she would reply, “To each his own. It’s no big deal!”

🎈惯用表达：各有各的脾气/看法 To each his own.

例句

—” Some say that was a little trollish, ” Gaetz says with a smile.

—” To each his own.”

—“有人说这么做有点儿恶意中伤了。”盖兹笑着说道。

—“各人有各人的看法吧。”

🎈没什么大不了；无所谓；没关系 no big deal

此人婢女出身，后作主人的偏房，后又扶正。

The woman had first been a servant, then a concubine, and finally the master’s wife.

🎈偏房：古时称妾（concubine）

又一年老仆妇，经常以坐着打瞌吨，为正当的睡觉；除非重病不得已，从未上床躺着睡过。坐以打盹的地方，最好是门阶上，旧式床的脚踏上，否则短脚凳上亦可。

There was another elderly maidservant whose habit was to sit dozing off. She never slept in bed unless she was critically ill. Instead, she preferred napping on the doorstep, or on the footrest of the old-style bed, or on a low stool.

🎈maidservant n. (古时用语)女佣,女仆,侍女a female servant in a house

🎈(尤指在白天)打瞌睡，打盹 doze off/ have a nap/ nap

🎈footrest n. 搁脚物a support for your foot or feet, for example on a motorcycle or when you are sitting down

脚踏（footrest），今通称“脚蹬子”，古称“脚床”或“踏床”，是我国古时人们在坐具前放置的一种用以承托双足的小型家具。宋、元以来，常和宝座、大椅、床榻组合使用，有的和家具本身相连，如交杌及交椅上的脚踏；有的则分开制造，如宝座及床榻的脚踏。脚踏除蹬以上床或就坐外，还有搭脚的作用。一般宝座或大椅座面较高，超过人的小腿高度，坐在椅上两脚必然悬空，如设置脚凳，将腿足置于脚凳上，可以达到舒适目的。

坐髙凳难得佳眠，平躺着则不能合眼。

If the stool were too tall, she could never have a sound sleep; if in bed, she simply could not close her eyes.

🎈酣眠 a sound sleep/ sound asleep

又此妪喜食瘟猪肉及腐臭霉烂之菜，简直嗜之如命。

This woman was addicted to sick pork and putrid food.

🎈对……上瘾 be addicted to sth

addictive adj.让人上瘾的，成瘾的

addict n.瘾君子

a person who is unable to stop taking harmful drugs

吸食海洛因/毒品/尼古丁成瘾的人a heroin/drug/nicotine addict

🎈putrid adj. 腐烂的，腐臭的

decaying and therefore smelling very bad

烂肉的臭味the putrid smell of rotten meat

若闻何处何家弃有死猪及腐烂败味不堪入口之菜，必跑去设法弄来，虽有要事在手亦丢开不顾。

If she learned that a certain household had discarded a dead pig or some rotten, inedible food, she would set everything else aside and even risk her life to get it.

🎈把…放到一旁（或搁到一边）set sth aside

不顾一切set everything else aside

🎈某人冒生命危险 risk one’s life to do sth

在太太们，洁癖怕是最普通的癖。

Mysophobia is common among women.

🎈后缀-phobia用于构成名词，表示「恐惧」「憎恨」

mysophobia洁癖

photophobia畏光，恐光症

hydrophobia 恐水症，狂犬病

🎈woman可指a wife or sexual partner，即太太

我的一位寡婶，除一贴身婢女外，不许任何人进她的卧房。即此婢女，亦须确有必要之事，始许脱去鞋子进去，立刻就须出来；闲常轻易不许入房，不脱鞋不许人房。

My widowed aunt would not allow anyone to enter her bedroom except her personal maid, and even the maid was allowed to do so only in times of absolute necessity, and had to get out without delay. As a rule, her boudoir was off limits to others, especially to those with shoes on.

🎈 to do so代指to enter her bedroom

🎈在必要之时 in times of (absolute) necessity

🎈 boudoir n. 闺房，女子卧室a woman’s small private room or bedroom

🎈禁止入内 （a place is）off limits

例句

Downing Street has been off limits to the general public since 1982.

从1982年起唐宁街就已禁止公众进入。

人至其家，除递来的茶碗外，任何物件，即如桌子，発子，门扇，墙壁之类，也最好不要随便用手去摸或动。

If you called at her house, you were advised to refrain from touching or moving any articles, such as tables, benches, doors and walls, everything except the teacup that the maid had provided.

🎈（在某地短时间）停留call at

巴金《朋友》

我每走到一个新地方，我就像回到我那个在上海被日本兵毁掉的旧居一样。

Whatever new places I called at, I always felt at home as if I were back in my old residence in Shanghai which had already been raged to the ground by Japanese troops.

她很爱我。一次她生病，叫我去给她看看；但我不肯脱鞋，结果竟蒙特许。

My aunt loved me, and one day she became ill and wanted to see me, but I refused to take off my shoes. Who would have thought she granted me special permission!

🎈脱衣服take off

例句

She took off her spectacles.

她摘下了眼镜。

🎈给某人特许 grant sb special permission

此是除那婢女外，第一个人进她的房，而且是空前绝后的一次有人穿着鞋进她的房。

With the exception of her maid, I was the first person allowed to enter her bedroom with shoes on. From then on, no one else enjoyed the privilege as I did.

🎈「空前绝后」有两层含义，「空前」已在the first person中体现了出来，「绝后」则用From then on, no one else……译了出来。

🎈privilege n.特权

a right or benefit that is given to some people and not to others

又一新式太太，出身贵家，爱洁成癖。每日洗脸洗手，没个遍数；这不必细说。

Another modern lady of blue blood had a mania for cleanliness, and every day she would wash her face and hands innumerable times.

🎈贵族血统,贵族 blue blood

blue-blooded adj. 有贵族血统的，出身名门的

from a royal or noble family

名门贵族blue-blooded aristocrats

🎈对……抱有一种狂热 have a mania for sth

例句

The media have a mania about rugby union.

媒体格外青睐英式橄榄球联盟。

今举一事为例：一日，与其丈夫家人等闲坐谈笑，她的丈夫说了一句话调侃她。她即起立，一边娇嗔地说：“我要打你！我要打你！”

One day when she was chatting with her family, her husband butted in and teased her. Immediately she stood up and, pretending coquettishly to be angry, said, “I’ll beat you! I’ll beat you!”

🎈 family是一个集合名词。

1）当它代表一个整体也就是家庭的意思时使用时用单数形式，如：My family is a big family.我的家庭是一个大家庭。

2）当它代表家庭成员时用复数形式

My family all are very honest.

我家的人都很诚实。

🎈coquettish adj.卖弄风情的

If you describe a woman as coquettish, you mean she acts in a playful way that is intended to make men find her attractive.

一边走入房中，以香皂洗手一次，走出来，在她丈夫身上轻轻拍了—下，再到房里以香桌洗手一次，而后始像做完一件大事，含笑归坐。

With that, she went to the restroom and washed her hands with toilet soap. Upon her return, she patted her husband; then she went back to the restroom and cleaned her hands with toilet soap once more. Finally, she sat down with a smile as if she had accomplished a great undertaking.

🎈the restroom 洗手间，卫生间

the bedroom卧室

the reception room接待室、客房

the bathroom浴室、洗澡间

the waiting room of XX station指候车厅。

the changing room更衣室

the fitting room试衣间

the dining room餐厅

the guest room客厅

🎈香皂toilet soap

toilet一词的词根是toil。toil源于拉丁语tela（网），在现代英语里仍是“网，圈套”等意思。toil加上表示缩小的名词后缀-et，含义是放衣服和梳妆打扮的小块地方。那么toilet一词作为名词就有了“梳妆打扮，服饰，浴室，盥洗室，厕所，抽水马桶，（医术前后的）洗涤”等意思。

toilet table 梳妆台

toilet paper 卫生纸

toilet cover梳妆台布

toilet bowl抽水马桶

toilet glass梳妆镜

toilet cream雪花膏

toilet powder 爽身粉

an elaborate toilet盛装

toilet – roll 卫生纸

toilet article/set 梳妆用具

toilet training 训练小孩大小便

toilet water 花露水

还有一位太太嫌恶许多东西，虽对并非不洁之物亦然。后来最使她嫌恶的是落下的毛发之类。

Another lady loathed many things, but not necessarily filthy ones. What disgusted her most were things like fallen hairs.

🎈loath是adj，loathe是v。

讨厌…loathe sb/sth或loathe doing sth

不愿做某事 be loath to do sth.

例句

They loathe each other.

他们相互讨厌对方。

例句

She is loath to give up her hard-earned liberty…

她不愿放弃好不容易得来的自由。

🎈不一定，未必 not necessarily

例句

The more expensive articles are not necessarily better.

较贵的东西不见得就较好。

若见地上或桌上有一根落下的头发，她即蹙额瞪眼，以手紧握其嘴，失声惊呼：“啊哟不得了！一根头发！”其紧张之状，实已超过嫌恶，而类恐怖，这显然快成病狂了。

If she saw a hair on the floor or on the table, she would immediately wrinkle her forehead and, staring at it, cover her mouth with both hands and cry out, “Oh, It’s a hair!” The look on her face exceeded her aversion to the hair. Her terror simply bordered on insanity!

🎈aversion n. 厌恶，讨厌，反感

a strong feeling of not liking sb/sth

厌恶某物an aversion to sb/sth

例句

Many people have a natural and emotional aversion to insects.

很多人生来讨厌昆虫。

🎈接近，近似，近乎border on

例句

The atmosphere borders on the surreal.

这种氛围近似梦幻。

🎈最后一句译文中的simply意为「简直，根本」，用于强调。

例句

So many of these questions simply don’t have answers…

这些问题有很多根本就没有答案。

重点表达

被称为……be referred to as…

难以理解 defy understanding/comprehension

难以名状 defy description

起源于have its roots in …/stem from …/originate in …

没有 free of

稀少，稀疏，不常发生 few and far between

抠鼻孔pick the nose

抠脚丫scratch toes

对令人不快的事物司空见惯的;习惯于…的 be inured to something

使习惯于，使适应于（不愉快的事物）inure sb/yourself to sth

明证；恰当的例证a case in point

对……的喜爱/钟爱the affection for sb/sth

妇女裹足，缠小脚bind women’s feet

未意识到be unaware of

不去做某事、避免做某事 refrain from (doing) sth

（通常指因愤怒而咬紧牙关）咬牙切齿，咬紧牙关 grit one’s teeth

四大金刚the Four Heavenly Guardians

真实面目，本来面目true colors

情况并非如此。This/That/It is/was not the case.

总是；经常；在大多情况下 more often than not

门神 the door god

某物让某人很害怕 sth be a terror to sb

因某事训斥某人 rebuke sb for sth

说时容易做时难；谈何容易 be easier said than done

嘲笑某人 tease sb/ laugh at sb/ make jokes about sb

面对面face to face

肩并肩，并排side by sid

抢夺… scramble for

吓一跳，吓死be scared to death

面红耳赤blush from ear to ear

笑得合不拢嘴 grin from ear to ear

一阵 a fit of

阵阵fits of

非常难忘的时刻a truly memorable occasion

无数，大量，各种各样… myriad/ a myriad of/ myriads of

依次，轮流in turn

一起；同时all at once

徒劳无功、毫无用处、没效果to no avail/little avail

朝某人（的方向）笑smile in one’s direction

朝某人那边转去 turn in one’s direction

认命 be resigned to (doing) sth

常客，一常来的客人 a regular guest

在…终了时，当…完结时 at the conclusion of

溜回床，钻到床上 slip into bed

上厕所，排便 relieve oneself

反复来回地 back and forth

门缝the chink of the door

某人很熟悉某物 sth be known to sb /sb be familiar to sth

严重不平衡的经济关系lopsided economic relations

因…而痛苦suffer (from) …= be afflicted by / with …

诸多，非常多a good many……

秘密地；偷偷地；背地里 on the sly

在……上亏待某人 begrudge sb sth

满足某人对……的渴望satisfy one’s craving for sth/to do sth

谢绝，拒绝 decline/refuse (to do) sth

留作…之用;留出…用于 set sth aside for……

背着某人 behind one’s back

千方百计try every means possible to do sth

放火烧某物 set sth on fire/ set sth ablaze/ set fire to sth

着火 sth catch fire

点燃某物 light sth

蚊帐the mosquito net

蚊香 the 蚊香

熄灭，扑灭 put out

犯纵火罪commit arson

无法解释 at a loss to explain sth/ account for sth

猜不出来 at a loss to guess

就……而言；对……而言；由……所作出 on one’s part/on the part of sb

舀取，盛 ladle out

填饱肚子 fill an empty stomach

各有各的脾气/看法 To each his own.

没什么大不了；无所谓；没关系 no big deal

(尤指在白天)打瞌睡，打盹 doze off/ have a nap/ nap

酣眠 a sound sleep/ sound asleep

对……上瘾 be addicted to sth

某人冒生命危险 risk one’s life to do sth

禁止入内 （a place is）off limits

（在某地短时间）停留call at

家居用品household articles

给某人特许 grant sb special permission

贵族血统,贵族 blue blood

名门贵族blue-blooded aristocrats

对……抱有一种狂热 have a mania for sth

香皂toilet soap

讨厌…loathe sb/sth或loathe doing sth

不一定；未必 not necessarily

厌恶某物an aversion to sb/sth

接近；近似；近乎border on

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 吴组湘《谈癖》 -英语翻译教程-中英双语赏析