Parting Sorrows –Zheng Zhenduo 🔥背景知识：郑振铎（1898－1958）是我国现代作家、学者。为躲避国民党当局的政治迫害，他于1927年8月乘船远离祖国，前往法国巴黎和英国伦敦游学，1929年10月归国。《离别》一文写于这一时期，内分三部分，其中第一部分抒发即将去国的志士情怀。现将此部分译成英文。 🎈题目《离别》译为Parting Sorrows，不仅表示告别，且同时把离愁别绪也作了交代。如译为Parting from Homeland或Farewell to China似缺内涵。别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国，Farewell, China, my beloved homeland! 🎈farewell 通常译作「再会」，其实往往有「永不再会」的意思，如 He bade farewell to his native town（他永别了他的故乡）。补充海明威的《永别了，武器》A Farewell To Arms当我倚在高高的船栏上，见着船渐渐的离岸了，船与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了，见着许多亲友挥着白巾，挥着帽子，挥着手，说着Adieu, adieu！Leaning over the high railing, I watched the ship tearing itself away slowly from the shore, leaving a widening expanse of water in between. Many relatives and friends of mine were waving their hats and white handkerchiefs amidst shouts of “Adieu, adieu!”🎈「见着船渐渐的离岸了」译为I watched the ship tearing itself away slowly from the shore，其中tear itself away也可用moving away表达，但缺乏惜别的感情色彩。 🎈「船与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了」译为leaving a widening expanse of water in between，其中in between 指between the ship and the shore。 🎈leaning的主语是I，leaving则是针对the ship而言。听着鞭炮劈劈拍拍的响着，水兵们高呼着向岸上的同伴告别时，我的眼眶是润湿了，我自知我的泪点已经滴在眼镜面了，镜面是模糊了，我有一种说不出的感动！Firecrackers were crackling and spluttering, and sailors shouting goodbye to their buddies on the shore. I was seized with violent emotion, tears welling up in my eyes and blurring my eyeglasses.🎈crackling and spluttering形容“噼噼啪啪（劈劈拍拍）”的声音。复习《故都的秋》一文中“……便「息列索落」地下起雨来了。…and raindrops will start pitter-pattering.”🎈sailors shouting goodbye to…和tears welling up in my eyes and blurring…是独立主格结构。🎈把“我的眼眶是润湿了”理解为“强烈的情感涌上心头/被强烈的情感包裹着”，现译为was seized with violent emotion。🎈「我的泪点已经滴在眼镜面了，镜面是模糊了」，不用特意译出「滴泪」的动作，因为通过“镜面模糊”+“泪盈眶”这两个关键词就可以判断出镜面是因为泪滴在上面才变得模糊。船慢慢的向前驶着，沿途见了停着的好几只灰色的白色的军舰。不，那不是悬着我们国旗的，它们的旗帜是“红日”，是“蓝白红”，是“红蓝条交叉着”的联合旗，是有“星点红条”的旗！ While the ship was steering ahead slowly, I saw on the way many warships in gray or white lying at anchor and flying flags other than our national ones. They were flying the red sun, the tricolour, the union jack or the stars and stripes. 🎈「红日」指日本国旗，译为the red sun，后面未加flag，是为了配合造句。否则也可译为the sun flag（hino-maru）或the rising-sun flag 。 🎈「蓝白红」指法国国旗，英语中常以the tricolour来表达。 🎈红蓝条交叉着的「联合旗」指英国国旗，英语中以the union jack或the union flag表达。 🎈星点红条的「旗」即美国国旗，英语中称之为the stars and stripes。 🎈“in+颜色词”作后置定语，例如Is the young woman in red your mother?穿红色衣服的年轻女士是你妈妈吗？🎈other than 有两种意思：一是用来表示否定意义，即“不同于（= different from)，非（= not)”; 二是用来表示排除意义，即“除了”，相当于 except。两岸是黄土和青草，再过去是两条的青痕，再过去是地平线上的几座小岛山，海水满盈盈的照在夕阳之下，浪涛如顽皮的小童似的跳跃不定。水面上现出一片的金光。The banks with their yellowish soil and green grass receded into two greenish strips until they became some mere islets on the horizon. The waters of the sea glistened under the setting sun and kept leaping like romping urchins. The water surface was a vast expanse of gold. Q：如何理解“两岸是黄土和青草，再过去是两条的青痕，再过去是地平线上的几座小岛山”的译文？🎈这句话描述的是“（船在向前走）人坐在船上向后望”的场景。离船近的地方是能看见的满是黄土和青草的两岸；而离船远些的地方就有些看不清了，只能辨出两条青痕；船仍然在前行，不一会儿，能辨出两条青痕的地方也在视野中一直后退，变成了地平线上的几座小岛山。🎈夕阳 the setting sun🎈一片的金光was a vast expanse of gold复习《水墨画》中「天空一片灰暗」The sky was a sheet of murky grey.别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！我不忍离了中国而去，更不忍在这大时代中放弃每人应做的工作而去，抛弃了许多亲爱的勇士在后面，他们是正用他们的血建造着新的中国，正在以纯挚的热诚，争斗着，奋击着。Farwell, China, my beloved homeland! I cannot find it in my heart to leave China, much less during these stormy times when I have to abandon my bounden duty and leave behind so many dear brave fighters—men who are building a new China with their own blood and struggling and battling in all earnest. 🎈「我不忍离了中国而去」译为I cannot find it in my heart to leave China，其中to find it in one’s heart to do…是成语，作“忍心做……”、“意欲……”解。此句也可译为I cannot bear to leave China。 🎈「更不忍在这大时代中放弃每人应做的工作而去」译为much less during these stormy times when I have to abandon my bounden duty，其中much less是成语，常跟在否定句后面，作“更不”（and certainly not）解。又，“这大时代”按内涵译为these stormy times，未按字面直译为the great times。此处，作者旨在强调“自己此时不应离去”，故将“每人应做……”译作了I have to abandon my bounden duty。bounden duty是“应尽的责任义务”。🎈真诚地、虔诚地in all earnest 例句Yet, for all his playfulness, Mr. Tesson is in earnest.但在他所有嬉言之下却有着一颗虔诚的心。我这样不负责任的离开了中国，我真是一个罪人！To quit China at this moment means to dodge my responsibility, and that makes me feel very guilty indeed! 🎈不负责任→逃避我的责任，故译为dodge my responsibility🎈我真是一个罪人→让我觉得自己是个罪人→使我感到非常愧疚，故译为makes me feel very guilty indeed。然而我终将在这大时代中工作着的，我终将为中国而努力，而呈献了我的身，我的心；我别了中国，为的是求更好的经验，求更好的奋斗工具。Nevertheless, I shall eventually answer the call of the times and devote myself heart and soul to my motherland. I am parting from China to acquire more experience and search for better ways of struggle.🎈shall的用法①(有时与I和we连用,表示一般将来时)将要,会；②(尤用于正式文字中表示允诺、命令或法令)〈正〉可; 必须; 必将。🎈在这大时代中工作着的→跟上时代潮流，现译为answer the call of the times 补充上厕所 answer the call of nature🎈全心全意地 heart and soul🎈奋斗工具→革命道路，现译为ways of struggle暂别了，暂别了，在各方面争斗着的勇士们，我不久即将以更勇猛的力量加入你们当中了。Dear brave fighters of every field, I shall be separated from you only for the present and will soon return to join your ranks with redoubled strength. 🎈「暂别了」译为I shall be separated from you only for the present，其中for the present和for the time being同义，都作「暂时」、「眼下」解。 当我归来时，我希望这些悬着“红日”的，“蓝白红”的，有“星点红条”的，“红蓝条交叉着”的一切旗帜的白色灰色的军舰都已不见了，代替它们的是我们的可喜爱的悬着我们的旗帜的伟大的舰队。 On my return, I hope, I shall see no more gray or white warships plying our territorial waters with flags of the red sun, the tricolour, the union jack or the stars and stripes. I hope I shall see instead our lovely great fleet flying our national colours. 🎈On my return是时间状语。🎈「白色灰色的军舰都已不见了」译为I shall see no more gray or white warships plying our territorial waters，其中plying our territorial waters（往返于我国领海）是添加成分，原文虽无其字，但有其意。🎈instead的位置非常灵活，可位于句首、句中和句尾。如果它们那时还没有退去中国海，还没有为我们所消灭，那末，来，勇士们，我将加入你们的队中，以更勇猛的力量，去压迫它们，去毁灭它们！这是我的誓言！Dear brave fighters, if the foreign warships by that time still hang on their presence in our territorial waters, I will join you to do my bit in getting rid of them. That is my pledge! 🎈「如果它们那时还没有退去中国海」译为if the foreign warships by that time still hang on to their presence in our territorial waters，其中hang on 是成语，作“抓住不放”、“不肯放弃”解。又，presence一词常用来指（军、政）“势力”、“存在”。by that time意为“到那时”。🎈去压迫它们，去毁灭它们→摆脱它们，现译为getting rid of them。如全部译出也可以。🎈尽微薄之力；尽一份力 do one’s bit别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！Farewell, China, my beloved homeland! 🎈全文首尾和文中，一共出现3次“别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！”。结构整齐，感情强烈。🔥必背词汇amidst prep.同amid英义Amidst means the same as amid.例句He did his best to retrieve the situation, amidst some laughter.他在哄笑中尽力挽回尴尬的局面。splutter v.发出噼啪声英义If something splutters, it makes a series of short, sharp sounds.例句Suddenly the engine coughed, spluttered and died.突然发动机噗噗响起来，噼啪几下就熄火了。glisten v.因湿润或油腻而闪闪发光英义If something glistens, it shines, usually because it is wet or oily. 例句The calm sea glistened in the sunlight.平静的海面在阳光下波光粼粼。territorial adj.领土的;领海的英义Territorial means concerned with the ownership of a particular area of land or water. 例句It is the only republic which has no territorial disputes with the others.它是唯一和其他国家没有领土争端的共和国。urchin n.肮脏而衣着破烂的儿童；小乞丐英义An urchin is a young child who is dirty and poorly dressed.例句We were in the bazaar with all the little urchins watching us.我们在集市里，周围一大帮衣衫褴褛的小孩盯着我们看。dodge v. (常指用欺诈的方式故意)躲避，逃避英义If you dodge something, you deliberately avoid thinking about it or dealing with it, often by being deceitful.例句He boasts of dodging military service by feigning illness.他炫耀自己通过装病来逃避服兵役。ply v.船、飞机或车辆定期往返于英义If a ship, aircraft, or vehicle plies a route, it makes regular journeys along that route.例句The brightly-coloured boats ply between the islands.色彩明艳的船只往来于岛屿之间。🔥重点表达离别Parting Sorrows《永别了，武器》A Farewell To Arms倚在高高的船栏上Leaning over the high railing见着船渐渐的离岸了watched the ship tearing itself away slowly from the shore与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了leaving a widening expanse of water in between鞭炮劈劈拍拍的响着Firecrackers were crackling and spluttering向岸上的同伴告别shouting goodbye to their buddies on the shore镜面是模糊了blurring my eyeglasses船慢慢的向前驶着the ship was steering ahead slowly停着的灰色的白色的军舰warships in gray or white lying at anchor“蓝白红”，法国国旗the tricolor英国国旗the union jack/ the union flag‘星点红条’的旗,美国国旗the stars and stripes地平线上on the horizon在夕阳照耀之下under the setting sun顽皮的小童romping urchins水面上现出一片的金光The water surface was a vast expanse of gold忍心做……to find it in one’s heart to do…我不忍离了中国而去I cannot find it in my heart to leave China更不用说much less真诚地、虔诚地in all earnest应尽的责任义务bounden duty不负责任的to dodge my responsibility跟上时代潮流 answer the call of the times上厕所 answer the call of nature全心全意地 heart and soul暂时、眼下for the present/for the time being当我归来时On my return往返于我国领海plying our territorial waters 坚持、不肯放弃hang on 到那时by that time 尽微薄之力；尽一份力 do one’s bit🔥复盘测试离别《永别了，武器》倚在高高的船栏上见着船渐渐的离岸了与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了鞭炮劈劈拍拍的响着向岸上的同伴告别镜面是模糊了船慢慢的向前驶着停着的灰色的白色的军舰“蓝白红”，法国国旗英国国旗‘星点红条’的旗,美国国旗地平线上在夕阳照耀之下顽皮的小童水面上现出一片的金光忍心做……我不忍离了中国而去更不用说真诚地、虔诚地应尽的责任义务不负责任的跟上时代潮流上厕所全心全意地暂时、眼下当我归来时往返于我国领海坚持、不肯放弃到那时尽微薄之力；尽一份力🔥表达对比「全心全意地」有几种表达？然而我终将在这大时代中工作着的，我终将为中国而努力，而「呈献了我的身，我的心」。 Nevertheless, I shall eventually answer the call of the times and devote myself heart and soul to my motherland. 我们做好美味的食物，我们为丈夫和孩子提供干净的衣服，顺从丈夫，「全心全意地」爱丈夫，照顾他。We make delicious food, to do cleaning, laundry, obedient husband, wholeheartedly love husband, to take care of him.你知道的了，人要积极面对人生，要自信，要「全心全意地」去追求你的信仰。Just you know to be positive towards life and just be confident with yourself and go for what you believe in, totally.我「全心全意地」爱着一个人，而且，对我来说，这就足够了。I’ve loved another with all my heart and soul and for me that has always been enough.”克莱尔一直以来「全心全意的」为家庭付出，但是却与她的法国妹夫暗生情愫，渐渐被欲望所折服，走向了不羁之路。Until she finally rebels, Claire is a virtual slave to her family, while secretly consumed by desire for her French brother-in-law.
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爱是一颗心遇到另一颗心（出处+配图） 
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