钱霖《哨遍  看钱奴》 -英译元曲-中英双语赏析-经典翻译

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哨遍
 看钱奴

钱霖

（一）

试把贤愚穷究，

看钱奴自古呼铜臭[1]。

徇己[2]苦贪求，

待不教泉货周流[3]。

忍包羞，油铛[4]插手，

血海舒拳，肯落他人后？

晓夜寻思机彀[5]，

缘情钩距[6]，巧取旁搜，

蝇头[7]场上苦驱驰，

马足尘中厮追逐，

积攒下无厌就。

舍死忘生，出乖弄丑。

注释：

[1]铜臭：有钱而品质低劣。

[2]徇己：放任自己的欲望。

[3]泉货周流：金钱流通。

[4]油铛：油锅。

[5]机彀：机关、窍门。这里指贪求钱财的各种方法。

[6]钩距：购取。

[7]蝇头：比喻细小的事物，这里特指微小的利益。

Tune: Whistling Around
 The Miser

Qian Lin

（I）

Can you tell truth from lies, the foolish from the wise?

The miser stinks of gold since days of old.

He is greedy for wealth at the expense of health

As if he hated to have money circulated.

He never feels shame

To thrust his hand to snatch money out of the flame,

Or from a sea of blood upsurging high.

How could he lag behind indeed?

He contrives intrigues day and night,

And seizes money by hook

Or by crook,

And seeks profit as tiny as the head of a fly,

Or a grain of dust raised by the hoof of a steed.

Insatiable to pile up wealth to his last breath,

Careless alike of life and death,

At last he brings but shame to light.

（二）耍孩儿

安贫知足神明佑，

好聚敛多招悔尤[1]。

王戎遗下旧牙筹，

夜连明计算无休[2]。

不思日月搬乌兔[3]，

只与儿孙作马牛。

添消瘦，不调裀鼎[4]，

恣逞戈矛[5]。

注释：

[1]悔尤：后悔，怨恨。

[2]王戎遗下旧牙筹，夜连明计算无休：晋代王戎非常贪财，《晋书·王戎传》载：“（王）戎性好兴利，每自执牙筹，昼夜计算，恒若不足。”牙筹，计算用的筹码。

[3]不思日月搬乌兔：不知道时光过去得快。乌兔：指代日月。

[4]不调裀鼎：不考虑自己的衣服和饮食。裀：夹衣。鼎：古代烹饪的器皿。

[5]恣逞戈矛：恣意争夺钱财。

（II）Tune: Playing the Child

God helps those who, content, won’t complain of poverty;

Piled-up riches invite regret and woe.

A sage with his counters of ivory

Calculated without rest night and day,

Careless if time with sun and moon will turn away.

He’d toil with all his force for his sons like a horse.

Thin he would grow,

Careless alike of his clothing and food,

Only over money would he brood.

（三）十煞

渐消磨双脸春，

已雕飕两鬓秋[1]。

终朝不乐眉长皱，

恨不得

柜头钱五分息招人借，

架上衵[2]一周年不放赎。

狠毒性如狼狗，

把平人骨肉

做自己膏油。

注释：

[1]渐消磨双脸春，已雕飕两鬓秋：逐渐熬到老。雕飕：凋零。

[2]衵：贴身衣物。从句子的意思来看，它是顾客当掉的衣物。

（III）Tune: Last Stanza But Ten

The vernal hue on his cheeks fades away;

Autumn frost is sprinkled on his hair by and by.

His gloomy eyebrows frown all the day;

He would lend at fifty per cent interest high.

He wished the goods in pawn unredeemed a year long.

As cruel as a wolf strong,

He would press oil from people’s bones

In spite of their loud groans.

（四）九煞

有心待拜五侯[1]，

教人唤甚半州[2]。

忍饥寒攒得家私厚。

待垒做钱山儿

倩军士喝号提铃守[3]，

怕化做钱龙儿

请法官行罡布气留[4]。

半炊儿八遍把牙关叩[5]，

只愿得无支有管，

少出多收。

注释：

[1]有心待拜五侯：意为想做高官。

[2]半州：半个州的土地，元代大地主往往被称为半州，意为他占有半个州的土地。

[3]待垒作钱山儿倩军士喝号提铃守：把搜刮来的钱堆成山，派军士看守。倩：请。

[4]怕化作钱龙儿请法官行罡布气留：担心这些钱化作龙飞走，请道士作法留住。行罡布气：指道士作法。罡：天上极高处的风。

[5]半炊儿八遍把牙关叩：半顿饭工夫扣了八遍牙，形容为聚敛钱财而苦思冥想。

（IV）Tune: Last Stanza But Nine

He has a mind to be a baron high,

But he is called as “rich as half a state” .

Why should he bear hunger and cold

To pile up a mountain of gold?

And hire guardsmen ringing bells at the gate

For fear his money-dragon away might fly?

He would invite Taoist priests to use magic art

To keep it from flying apart.

He snashes his teeth, walking to and fro,

Planning to have all income and no outgo.

（五）八煞

亏心事尽意为，

不义财尽力掊[1]，

那里问亲兄弟亲姊妹亲姑舅。

只待要春风金谷骄王恺[2]，

一任教夜雨新丰困马周[3]。

无亲旧，

只知敬明眸皓齿[4]，

不想共[5]肥马轻裘。

注释：

[1]掊：聚敛。

[2]只待要春风金谷骄王恺：满心期望能像石崇那样富贵骄人。《晋书·石苞传》载：石崇官荆州刺史，劫商客致富，置金谷别墅于河阳。他常与贵戚王恺争胜斗宝。武帝赐给王恺一枝二尺多高的珊瑚树，石崇随手击碎，王恺责问他，他令人拿出自己的珊瑚树，高三四尺的有六七株，王恺一时恍然自失。春风：指得意的样子。

[3]“一任教”句：根本不管像马周那样贫穷困顿的人。《旧唐书·马周传》载：马周郁郁不得志，游历长安，投宿在新丰的旅店里。店主只顾供应商贩，不管马周，马周就要了一些酒，悠然独酌。

[4]明眸皓齿：指美人。

[5]共：借给别人。

（V）Tune: Last Stanza But Eight

He feels no shame to do what is to blame,

And injures his health for ill-gotten wealth.

He does not care for others,

Even his uncles, aunties, sisters, brothers.

He would outshine the richest man in Golden Valley fine,

But not care for the poor scholar ill at an inn.

He has no friend or kin,

He only loves the beauty with bright eyes and teeth white,

But shares with none his fur coat and carriage light.

（六）七煞

资生利转多，

贪婪意不休，

为锱铢[1]舍命寻争斗。

田连阡陌心犹窄，

架插诗书眼不瞅。

也学采东篱菊，

子是个装呵元亮，

豹子浮丘[2]。

注释：

[1]锱铢：古代极其微小的重量单位，六铢等于一锱，四锱等于一两。

[2]也学采东篱菊，子是个装呵元亮，豹子浮丘：他也学陶渊明采菊东篱，但却是作秀的，他外表善良风雅，却内心凶狠粗鄙。装呵：装模作样。元亮：陶渊明的字。豹子：元代人称凶狠的人为豹子。浮丘：传说中的仙人。

（VI）Tune: Last Stanza But Seven

“The more profit you obtain,

The more you still want to gain.

You’d carry on a strife at the risk of your life.

Though you have field on field, you are not satisfied;

On your shelf there are books on which you won’t take looks.

You pretend to enjoy chrysanthemums by fenceside,

But you’re a pseudo-bard,

A disguised leopard.”

（七）六煞

恨不得扬子江变做酒，

枣穰金[1]积到斗。

为几文垫背钱[2]

受了些旁人咒。

一斗粟与亲眷分了颜面[3]，

二斤麻把相知结下寇仇。

真纰缪[4]，

一味的骄而且吝，

甚的是乐以忘忧！

注释：

[1]枣穰金：枣穰般颜色的金子，赤金。

[2]垫背钱：一点点小钱。垫：装裱书画的轴。

[3]分了颜面：伤了和气。

[4]纰缪：错误。

（VII）Tune: Last Stanza But Six

“You wish to turn the endless river into wine,

To pile up gold as date-palms you incline.

You’re cursed by others for the money they owe you;

For a loan of millet you lose kins old and new.

For a bundle of hemp you turn friend into foe.

What woe!

You’re blindly arrogant and greedy.

In the end you’ll become careworn and needy.”

（八）五煞

这财曾燃了董卓脐[1]，

曾枭了元载[2]头，

聚而不散遭殃咎。

怕不是堆金积玉连城富[3]，

眨眼早野草闲花满地愁。

干生受[4]，

生财有道，

受用无由。

注释：

[1]董卓脐：董卓为王允所杀，尸体被扔在街上示众，董卓很肥大，守尸人晚上在他的肚脐中点灯，光明达旦。

[2]元载：唐代宗时贪官，聚敛资财无数，后被杖杀。

[3]连城富：形容十分富有，财产相当于几座城池。

[4]干生受：白白地辛苦。干：白白地。

（VIII）Last Stanza But Five

“Fortune amassed made Han Premier burned up when dead,

And Tang Minister lose his head.

Piled-up wealth, if not distributed, would bring woe,

Though gold and jade are heaped up high from town to town,

Soon wild grass and weeds there will be overgrown.

However rich you may grow,

You will be annoyed

For the wealth unenjoyed.”

（九）四煞

有一日大小运并在命宫，

死囚限缠在卯酉[1]，

甚的散得疾

子为你聚来得骤。

恰待调和新曲歌金帐，

逼临得红粉佳人坠玉楼[2]。

难收救，

一壁厢投河奔井，

一壁厢烂额焦头。

注释：

[1]有一日大小运并在命宫，死囚限缠在卯酉：总有一天要倒霉受苦。大小运、命宫、寅卯，都是古代星相家的词汇。

[2]恰待调和新曲歌金帐，逼临得红粉佳人坠玉楼：正准备演奏新曲，在金帐下歌舞取乐，却不料逼得佳人跳楼自杀。佳人，这里暗指石崇的爱妾绿珠，被孙秀逼迫坠楼自尽。

（IX）Last Stanza But Four

“One day good or ill fortune will fall by fate,

You are bound to die early or late.

Wealth will be spent faster than made.

Do not forget what’s said

Of the beauty jumping down from tower of jade

Before she sang in golden tent a new song.

Do not forget what’s wrong:

On the one hand women plunged into the well,

On the other men were battered pellmell.”

（十）三煞

窗隔每都飐飐的飞，

椅桌每都出出的走。

金银钱米都消为尘垢。

山魈木客相呼唤，

寡宿孤辰厮趁逐[1]。

喧白昼，

花月妖将家人狐媚，

虚耗鬼把仓库潜偷[2]。

注释：

[1]山魈木客相呼唤，寡宿孤辰厮趁逐：遭到妖魔的侵袭，厄运不断。山魈：猴的一种，面貌奇异，被看作是山林中的妖怪，木客是它的别名。寡宿孤辰：孤寡的星宿，孤单的时辰。古人认为，寡宿孤辰意味着人的孤寡。

[2]花月妖将家人狐媚，虚耗鬼把仓库潜偷：花月妖魅惑了他的子弟，虚耗鬼盗窃了他的仓库。花月妖指娼妓，虚耗鬼指败家子。

（X）Last Stanza But Three

Through broken windows all away would fly,

And chairs and tables moved out in a gust,

Gold, silver, money, rice would turn to dust.

Monsters from forests and mountains would cry;

Orphan would follow Widow Star in Milky Way.

Noisy all day,

Spirits of flowers would bewitch the hosts;

Storehouses would be stolen by wasteful ghosts.

（十一）二煞

恼天公降下灾，

犯官刑系在囚。

他用钱时难参透。

待买他上木驴[1]

钉子轻轻钉，

吊脊筋钩儿浅浅钩。

便用杀难宽宥[2]，

魂飞荡荡，

魄散悠悠。

注释：

[1]上木驴：元代的一种酷刑。

[2]宽宥：得到宽恕，减轻刑罚。

（XI）Last Stanza But Two

Disasters fall from angry skies;

Guilty and put in jail, he tries

To bribe with money, but to no avail.

Nailed on the wooden ass,

In vain he begs to drive lightly the nail,

And to hang him up softly by the hook.

He can by no means be forgiven, look!

His wandering soul flies,

And then dispersed, alas!

（十二）尾

出落[1]他平生聚敛的情，

都写做临刑犯罪由。

将他死骨头告示

向通衢里甃[2]，

任他日炙风吹慢慢朽。

注释：

[1]出落：拿出。

[2]将他死骨头告示向通衢里甃：把他的尸骨放在大街上示众。通衢，大街。甃，砌砖、堆放。

（XII）Last Stanza

His wealth amassed all his life is put on display

To testify his guilt.

His corpse is exposed without a quilt

In public place by day,

Sunburned and wind-bitten till its decay.

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 钱霖《哨遍  看钱奴》 -英译元曲-中英双语赏析-经典翻译