雎景臣《哨遍》 -英译元曲-中英双语赏析-经典翻译

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哨遍

雎景臣

（一）高祖[1]还乡

社长排门告示[2]，

但有的差使无推故。

这差使不寻俗[3]：

一壁厢[4]纳草除根，

一边又要差夫，

索应付。

又言是车驾，

都说是銮舆，

今日还乡故。

王乡老执定瓦台盘[5]，

赵忙郎[6]抱着酒葫芦。

新刷来的头巾，

恰糨来的绸衫，

畅好是妆幺大户[7]。

注释：

[1]高祖：汉代开国皇帝刘邦的庙号。庙号是皇帝死后在太庙立室奉祀时特起的名号。

[2]社长：社为基层单位。元代五十家为一社，推选长者为社长。告示：通知。

[3]寻俗：寻常，平常。

[4]一壁厢：一边，一面。

[5]乡老：乡间德高望重的长者。瓦台盘：陶制的托盘。

[6]赵忙郎：作者随意命名的农民。

[7]畅好是：真是。妆么：装模作样的。大户：财主。

Tune: Whistling Around

Ju Jingchen

（I）The Emperor’s Home-coming

The village chief announces from door to door:

Whatever errand no one should refuse to run.

The errand’s not an ordinary one:

Rootless fodder be collected on the one hand;

On the other messengers should meet the demand.

Hard to deal with! They say.

The royal cortege will come

With the emperor to his home Today.

The village elder holds an earthen plate,

The busy young man a gourd of wine.

They wear the hood washed of late

And stiffened silk shirt fine.

All play the rich though they are poor.

（二）耍孩儿

瞎王留[1]引定火[2]乔[3]男女，

胡踢蹬[4]吹笛擂鼓。

见一彪[5]人马到庄门，

匹头里几面旗舒。

一面旗白胡阑[6]

套住个迎霜兔，

一面旗红曲连

打着个毕月乌[7]。

一面旗鸡学舞[8]；

一面旗狗生双翅[9]；

一面旗蛇缠葫芦[10]。

注释：

[1]王留：元代农村泛称人名。

[2]火：通“夥”，一帮。

[3]乔：装模作样，有丑陋浅薄之意。

[4]胡踢蹬：作者随意命名的农民。

[5]一彪：一队，一群。

[6]胡阑：合音为“环”，这里指月亮。此句是写月旗。

[7]曲连：合音为“圈”，这里指太阳。毕月乌，乌鸦。此句是写日旗。

[8]鸡学舞：舞凤旗。鸡：凤。

[9]狗生双翅：飞虎旗。狗：虎。

[10]蛇缠葫芦：蟠龙戏珠旗。蛇：龙。葫芦：珠。

（II）Tune: Playing the Child

A blind man leads men and women in strange array,

Pellmell they beat the drum and on flute they play.

See a troop of horsemen

Arrive at the gate then,

And at their head

Many banners outspread:

On the moon flag a frosty hare in a ring white,

On the sun flag a golden crow in crimson light,

On the wind flag a cock dances and sings,

On the tiger flag there’s a dog with two wings,

On the dragon flag you will find

A snake around a gourd wind.

（三）五煞

红漆了叉，

银铮[1]了斧，

甜瓜苦瓜黄金镀[2]。

明晃晃马[3]枪尖上挑，

白雪雪鹅毛扇上铺。

这几个乔人物，

拿着些不曾见的器仗，

穿着些大作怪[4]衣服。

注释：

[1]铮：镀。

[2]甜瓜苦瓜黄金镀：指仪仗中的金瓜锤。

[3]马：仪仗中的朝天镫。：同“镫”。

[4]大作怪：稀奇古怪。

（III）Tune: Last Stanza But Five

Fork painted red,

Axe silver-white,

Melonlike hammer and spearhead

With stirrup bright

And plume fan white like snow,

These flag-bearers forward go,

Holding unknown staffs in a mess

And wearing motley dress.

（四）四煞

辕条[1]上都是马，

套顶[2]上不见驴，

黄罗伞柄天生曲[3]。

车前八个天曹判[4]，

车后若干递送夫[5]。

更几个多娇女[6]，

一般穿着，

一样妆梳。

注释：

[1]辕条：车辕，车前驾牲口用的两根长木。

[2]套顶：套在牲口脖子上的圈套及拉车的绳索。

[3]黄罗伞柄天生曲：帝王仪仗中的“曲盖”，柄弯曲，形状类似一把伞。

[4]天曹判：天上的判官，指皇帝车前导驾的侍臣，言其面无表情。

[5]递送夫：为皇帝拿物品，随时递送的侍臣或太监。

[6]多娇女：美女，指宫娥。

（IV）Tune: Last Stanza But Four

In the shafts steed on steed,

In harness there’s no ass.

A crooked pole supports a yellow canopy.

Before the carriage eight officials lead;

Behind follow attendants in livery

And charming maid and lass

In the same dress,

With hair in tress.

（五）三煞

那大汉下的车，

众人施礼数[1]。

那大汉觑[2]得人如无物。

众乡老展脚舒腰拜，

那大汉挪身着手扶。

猛可里[3]抬头觑，

觑多时认得，

险[4]气破我胸脯。

注释：

[1]施礼数：行礼。礼数：礼节。

[2]觑：看。

[3]猛可里：猛然间。可里：助音词，无意义。

[4]险：差点儿。

（V）Tune: Last Stanza But Three

From the carriage a big fellow comes down,

Saluted by all the people from the town.

That fellow seems not to see those who kowtow.

With legs apart the village elders deeply bow,

To help them up that fellow forward goes.

Suddenly I look up who knows!

And gaze at him for long.

My breast nearly bursts with anger strong.

（六）二煞

你身须[1]姓刘，

你妻须姓吕[2]。

把你两家儿根脚[3]从头数。

你本身做亭长[4]耽几盏酒，

你丈人教村学读几卷书。

曾在俺庄东住，

也曾与我喂牛切草，

拽坝[5]扶锄。

注释：

[1]须：本来。

[2]吕：刘邦皇后姓吕。

[3]根脚：根底，出身底细。

[4]亭长：秦代十里为一亭，十亭为乡。亭设长，刘邦做过汜上亭长。

[5]拽坝：拉坝，坝即“耙”，一种碎土农具。

（VI）Tune: Last Stanza But Two

Your name is Liu,

Your wife is Lü.

I know the root of your family tree.

Fond of wine, you were chief around ten Ii.

Your father-in-law taught children to read.

You lived east of my farm to feed

Cattle for me and cut fodder for the cow

And till the land with the plow.

（七）一煞

春采[1]了桑，

冬借了俺粟。

零支[2]了米麦无重数。

换田契强称了麻三秤[3]，

还酒债偷量了豆几斛[4]。

有甚胡涂处？

明标着册历[5]，

现放着文书[6]。

注释：

[1]采：指偷采。

[2]零支：零借。

[3]秤：量词，十五斤为一秤。

[4]斛：一种量具。

[5]册历：账簿。

[6]文书：这里指借据。

（VII）Tune: Last Stanza But One

In spring you gathered mulberry,

In winter you borrowed millet from me.

You bought on credit countless rice and wheat.

Renewing contract, you took more hemp by cheat;

Paying your debt, you stole more beans and peas.

Why should you play the fool, please?

It’s registered in account book.

If you do not believe, just take a look!

（八）尾声

少我的钱，差发[1]内旋拨还，

欠我的粟，税粮中私准除[2]。

只道刘三[3]，

谁肯把你揪捽[4]住？

白甚么[5]改了姓更了名，

唤做汉高祖！

注释：

[1]差发：公差，元代被派的官差可以出钱替代。

[2]私准除：暗中扣除。准：折合，相抵。

[3]刘三：刘老三，刘邦排行老三。

[4]揪捽：揪住，拽住。

[5]白甚么：为什么，有嘲讽之意。

（VIII）Tune: The Epilogue

You should at once pay the money you owed me,

And reduce the taxes on my millet and pea.

I only tell you, Liu the Third,

Holding you tight, I won’t release you on your word.

Why should you change your name.

And steal an emperor’s fame?

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