《许渊冲译长生殿》第三本第三出 权哄 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析

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第三出 权哄[1]

【双调引子】【秋蕊香】（副净引祗从上）

狼子野心难料，

看跋扈渐肆咆哮，

挟势辜恩更堪恼，

索假忠言入告[2]。

下官杨国忠。外凭右相之尊，内恃贵妃之宠。满朝文武，谁不趋承！独有安禄山这厮，外面假作痴愚，肚里暗藏狡诈。不知圣上因甚爱他，加封王爵！他竟忘了下官救命之恩，每每遇事欺凌，出言挺撞。好生可恨！前日曾奏圣上，说他狼子野心，面有反相，恐防日后酿祸，怎奈未见听从。今日进朝，须索相机再奏，必要黜退了他，

方快吾意。来此已是朝门，左右回避。

（从下）

（内喝道介）

（副净）呀，那旁呵殿[3]之声，且看是谁？

（净引祗从上）

【玉井莲后】

宠固君心，

暗中包藏计狡。

左右回避。

（从下）（净见副净介）请了。

（副净笑介）哦，原来是安禄山！

（净）老杨，你叫我怎么？

（副净）这是九重禁地，你怎敢在此大声呵殿？

（净作势介）老杨，你看我：

“脱下御衣亲赐着，

进来龙马每教骑。

常承密旨趋朝数，

独奏边机出殿迟。”

我做郡王的，便呵殿这么一声，也不妨，比似你右相还

早哩[4]！

（副净冷笑介）好，好个“不妨”！安禄山，我且问你，这般大模大样是几时起的？

（净）下官从来如此。

（副净）安禄山，你也还该自去想一想！

（净）想甚么？

（副净）你只想当日来见我的时节，可是这个模样么？

（净）彼一时，此一时，说他怎的。

（副净）唉，安禄山，

【仙吕入双调过曲】【风入松】

你本是刀头活鬼罪难逃，

那时节长跪阶前哀告。

我封章入奏机关巧，

才把你身躯全保。

（净）赦罪复官，出自圣恩，与你何涉？

（副净）好，倒说得干净！

只太把良心昧了。

恩和义付与水萍飘。

（净）唉，杨国忠，你可晓得，

【前腔】

世间荣落偶相遭？

休夸着势压群僚。

你道我失机之罪，可也记得南诏的事么[5]？胡卢提[6]掩败将功冒，怪浮云蔽遮天表[7]。

（副净）圣明在上，谁敢蒙蔽？这不是谤君么！

（净）还说不蒙蔽，

你卖爵鬻官多少？

贪财货竭脂膏。

（副净）住了，你道卖官鬻爵，只问你的富贵，是那里来的？

（冷笑介）

（净）也非止这一桩。

若论你、

恃戚里，

施奸狡，

误国罪，

有千条。

（副净）休得把、诬蔑语，凭虚造。

（扯净介）我与你、同去面当朝！

（净）谁怕你来，同去，同去！

（作同扭进朝俯伏介）

（副净）臣杨国忠谨奏：

【前腔】【本调】

禄山异志[8]腹藏刀，

外作痴愚容貌。

奸同石勒倚东门啸[9]。

他不拜储君[10]公然桀傲，

这无礼难容圣朝。

望吾皇立赐罢斥，

除凶恶早绝祸根苗。

（净伏介）臣安禄山谨奏：

【前腔】

念微臣谬荷主恩高，

遂使嫌生权要[11]，

愚蒙[12]触忤知难保。

（泣介）陛下呵，怕孤立终落他圈套。

微臣呵，寸心赤只有吾皇鉴昭。

容出镇犬马效微劳。

（内）圣旨道来：杨国忠、安禄山互相讦奏，将相不和，难以同朝共理。特命安禄山为范阳节度使[13]，剋期赴镇。谢恩。

（净、副净）万岁！（起介）

（净向副净拱手介）老丞相，下官今日去了，你再休怪我大模大样。

朝门内，

一任你、

张牙爪，

我去开幕府[14]，

自逍遥。

（副净冷笑介）

（净欲下，复转向副净介）还有一句话儿，

今日下官出镇，

想也仗、回天力、相提调。

（举手介）请了，我且将冷眼，看伊曹。（下）

（副净看净下介）呀，有这等事！

【前腔】【本调】

一腔块垒[15]怎生消，

我待把他威风抹倒，

谁知反分节钺[16]添荣耀。

这话靶[17]教人嘲笑。

咳，但愿禄山此去，做出事来[18]，方信我忠言最早！

圣上，圣上，到此际[19]可也悔今朝！

去邪当断勿狐疑，周昙

祸稔萧墙竟不知[20]；储嗣宗

壮气未平空咄咄，徐铉

甘言狡计奈娇痴！郑嵎

注释：

[1] 本出的有关史实：安禄山于天宝九载封王，“是时，杨国忠为御史中丞，方承恩用事。禄山登降殿阶，国忠常扶掖之。”（《通鉴》卷二一六）可见，安禄山的权势本来比杨国忠还大些，他们还谈不上什么利害冲突。他们有时倒是联合起来对付共同的政敌李林甫。从开元二十二年到天宝十一载，李林甫一直是宰相。等到杨国忠接替李林甫执政以后，他和安禄山才成为势均力敌的对手。一个是朝中的执政者，一个是当时最大的军事集团的首领。彼此都想削弱对方，以加重自己的权势。杨国忠几次告发安禄山有反心，以致皇帝几次派中使去看他动静，但是安禄山对付得很好，博得玄宗更大的信任。另一方面，由于杨国忠的阻挠，他却始终没有实现做宰相的野心。不消说，杨国忠之所以反对他为相，仅仅是为了自己大权独揽，不让他人插手。

[2] 索假忠言入告：（杨国忠对安禄山的不满，原是由于个人利益有矛盾，忌妒他，但是）要装作自己是尽忠的样子，奏给皇帝听。

[3] 呵殿：呵，从人在前面喝道；殿，殿后，从人在后面拥卫。呵殿，前呼后拥，喝道而来。

[4] 我做郡王的……比似你右相还早哩：我封王的，喝道一下，没关系的；至于你做右相的，要在宫殿里喝道，自然还谈不上哩。

[5] 可也记得南诏的事么：“四月……剑南节度使鲜于仲通讨南诏（哀牢彝民族，在现在云南省西部），大败于泸南……士卒死者六万人，仲通仅以身免。杨国忠掩其败状，仍叙其功。”（《通鉴》卷二一六天宝十载条）同年冬季，杨国忠指使他的亲信鲜于仲通，奏请遥领剑南节度使。

[6] 胡卢提：糊里糊涂。

[7] 怪浮云蔽遮天表：喻杨国忠蒙蔽皇帝的耳目。

[8] 异志：想造反。

[9] 奸同石勒倚东门啸：石勒“年十四，随邑人行贩洛阳，倚啸上东门。

王衍见而异之，顾谓左右曰：‘向者胡雏，吾观其声视有奇志，恐将为天下之患。’”（《晋书》卷一〇四）石勒在五胡十六国时代，自立为后赵国皇帝，又是羯人，所以用来比喻安禄山。

[10] 他不拜储君：储君，太子。“（唐玄宗）又尝命见太子，禄山不拜。左右趋之拜，禄山拱立曰：‘臣胡人，不习朝仪，不知太子者何官？’上曰：‘此储君也。朕千秋万岁后，代朕君汝者也。’禄山曰：‘臣愚，曏者唯知有陛下一人，不知乃更有储君。’不得已，然后拜。”（《通鉴》卷二一五天宝六载条）

[11] 权要：指杨国忠。

[12] 愚蒙：指自己。

[13] 特命安禄山为范阳节度使：安禄山早在天宝三载，就被任为范阳节度使、河北采访使兼平卢节度使，这时杨玉环还没有册为贵妃，杨国忠还没有登上政治舞台。

[14] 开幕府：即开府，建立府署，独当一面。这里指担任节度使。

[15] 块垒：郁积在心头的牢骚、不平。

[16] 节钺：符节与斧钺，授给大将，表示他的威权。

[17] 话靶：即话把，话柄。

[18] 做出事来：指造反。

[19] 此际：那时。

[20] 祸稔萧墙竟不知：内部积成的祸患，竟一点也不知道！稔，积久而成；萧墙，这里指宫廷内部的祸患。

Scene 3 The Dispute

(Enter Prime Minister Yang with attendants.)

Yang:

How can I not foresee in the least

The audacious ambition of this beast?

No gratitude for me has he ever shown.

How can a loyal premier not warn the Crown?

I am Prime Minister Yang Guozhong, cousin of the emperor’s favorite LadyY ang.T here’re neither ministers nor generals in the court but bow before me. That fellow An Lushan pretends to be naive, but is insidious at heart. How could the emperor have grown so fond of him and made him a prince? He is so ungrateful as to forget that I have saved his life. How could he become so insolent as to oppose me whenever there was an occasion! Curse him! The other day I warned the emperor against this ambitious wolf,whose face reveals his treacherous heart. I requested His Majesty to take measures to prevent him from making trouble in the future,but my sovereign would not listen to me. Today I should find a chance to renew my request for his dismissal so as to vent my spite against him. Here is the gate to the court. Leave me, attendants!

(His attendants retire. Shouts come from offstage: “Clear the way!”) Who is making such a noise? I’ll see who it is.

An (Entering with attendants):

Since I have won favor divine,

I will hide my secret design.

Leave me, attendants! (His attendants withdraw, and he greets Yang.) Good day, my lord.

Yang (Laughing): So it is you, An Lushan.

An: Well, old Yang, what have you to say to me?

Yang: This is the imperial palace. How dare your attendants shout in clearing the way before and after you?

An (Insolently): See here, old Yang!

The emperor gives me the robe I wear;

From imperial stable comes the steed I ride.

Consulted at court on frontier afair,

I come out late from our sovereign’ side.

Why can’t a prince clear his way at court? Could I not do what a prime minister cannot?

Yang (Laughing coldly): So none could prevent you from clearing your way. But I would like to ask you, An Lushan, when and how did you win such a high favor?

An: I have been so for long.

Yang: You should think back a little.

An: Of what should I think?

Yang: You should think what you looked like when you first came to see me.

An: The past is past, but the present is present. Why should I think of the past?

Yang: Ah! An Lushan! (Singing to the tune of “Wind Soughing through Pines”):

From the death punishment you were not free,

Then you knelt long, pleading with me.

If I had not intervened in a subtle way,

How could you live safe and sound to this day?

An: It was His Majesty who pardoned me in his mercy and restored me to my post. What had this to do with you?

Yang: Well said. It had nothing to do with me.

Oh! Would your conscience not cry loud?

How could gratitude float away like floating cloud?

An: Ah! Don’t you know, Yang Guozhong.

On fortune do depend our rise and fall.

Then do not boast of your power over all!

You may exaggerate my failure, but how dare you hide the truth of your official’s defeat at Nanshao and report it as a victory?

Yang: Who would dare to deceive our sovereign? Are you not slandering his Majesty?

An: Have you not deceived him?

How many official posts have you sold?

You squeeze people, to satisfy your greed for gold!

Yang: Shut up! You talk about official posts. How could you get yours if it is not sold?

(Laughing cynically)

An: Nor is that all.

How many times

On your cousin’s influence you rely,

Guilty of a thousand crimes.

Can you deny?

Yang: How dare you fabricate such slander against me! (Seizing An.) Come with me to His Majesty.

An: Do you think I am frightened? I will go with you. I will go with you.

(Gripping each other, they come to the presence oft he emperor.)

Yang: May it please Your Majesty, —

An Lushan is a brute cool,

Though he pretends to be a fool.

He’s like the rebellious leader of long ago,

To the crown prince he would not bow.

The court can’t tolerate such a brute;

The evil must be pulled out by the root.

I beg Your Majesty to dismiss him at once.

An: I beg Your Majesty to listen to me.

As I’m in royal favor high,

Jealous become one and all.

(Pretends to shed tears.)

Simple as I am, where can I fly

If into the snares I would not fall?

Your Majesty knows my loyal heart.

Let me serve you on the frontier far apart.

Voice Off: His Majesty decrees that since Minister Yang and General An are at odds, they cannot work together at court. An Lushan is appointed military governor of Fanyang and should proceed to his post at once. Kneel down and bow your thanks for the royal favor!

An ＆ Yang: Long live His Majesty! (Rising.)

An (Saluting Yang): I am going today, old premier. You will no longer be troubled by my impolite manners.

You may do what you will at court,

But do not interfere

Into the long and short

Of my business on the frontier!

(The prime minister laughs bitterly. An starts to go, then turns back again.) One more word.

I’m going to take up my appointment new.

Should I bow thanks to you?

(Saluting Yang by bringing both hands together) Excuse me.

(Aside) I shall coolly see what he can do with me. (Exit.)

Yang (Watching him go): How dare he be so insolent!

How can my anger be alleyed?

His insolence can’t be outweighed.

He is promoted in array instead,

While I become a laughing stock on this head.

I only hope An Lushan will make trouble when back to the frontier, then the emperor would believe in my foresight, His Majesty!

What will His Majesty have to say?

Then he would regret what he is doing today. (Exit.)

Epilogue of the Scene

Make quick decision and don’t hesitate,

Or when disaster comes, you will regret too late.

Of the plan unfulfilled it’s useless to complain,

Before the beauty cunning tricks are played in vain.

未经允许不得转载：帕布莉卡 » 《许渊冲译长生殿》第三本第三出 权哄 -《长生殿》英译-《长生殿》中英双语赏析